Tengine + uwsgi + django平台搭建
环境介绍：
[root@localhost opsdev]# nginx -v Tengine version: Tengine/2.0.3 (nginx/1.4.7) [root@localhost opsdev]# cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS release 6.4 (Final) [root@localhost opsdev]# uwsgi -v uwsgi: option requires an argument -- 'v' getopt_long() error [root@localhost opsdev]# uwsgi --version 2.0.9 [root@localhost opsdev]# django -v -bash: django: command not found [root@localhost opsdev]# python -c "import django;print (django.get_version())" 1.7.2 [root@localhost opsdev]# [root@localhost opsdev]# python -V Python 2.7.6
Come on~
1、安装nginx
[root@localhost tmp]# yum install pcre pcre-devel -y [root@localhost tmp]# tar xf tengine-2.0.3.tar.gz [root@localhost tmp]# cd tengine-2.0.3 [root@localhost tmp]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --with-http_stub_status_module --with-pcre --with-file-aio --with-http_flv_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/ --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi [root@localhost tmp]# make && make install
相关选项
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx 安装目录 --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf 配置文件存放位置 --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log 错误日志存放位置 --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log 访问日志存放的位置 --with-http_ssl_module 启用SSL认证模块 --with-http_flv_module 启用流媒体模块 --with-http_gzip_static_module 启用静态页面压缩 --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ HTTP包体存放的临时目录 --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ 定义从后端服务器接收的临时文件的存放路径，可以为临时文件路径定义至多三层子目录的目录树 --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/ 接收到FastCGI服务器数据，临时存放于本地某目录 --with-pcre 启动正则表达式rewrite模块
添加nginx二进制路径到PATH
[root@localhost tengine-2.0.3]# vim /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh [root@localhost tengine-2.0.3]# cat /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/nginx/sbin/ [root@localhost tengine-2.0.3]# source /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh [root@localhost tengine-2.0.3]# nginx -v Tengine version: Tengine/2.0.3 (nginx/1.4.7)
导出头文件
[root@localhost tengine-2.0.3]# ln -sv /usr/local/nginx/include/ /usr/include/nginx `/usr/include/nginx' -> `/usr/local/nginx/include/'
为tengine提供Sysv服务脚本
#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemin
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
# pidfile: /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0
nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
start() {
[ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
[ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
return $retval
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $prog -QUIT
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
return $retval
}
restart() {
configtest || return $?
stop
start
}
reload() {
configtest || return $?
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc $nginx -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
}
force_reload() {
restart
}
configtest() {
$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}
rh_status() {
status $prog
}
rh_status_q() {
rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}
case "$1" in
start)
rh_status_q && exit 0
$1
;;
stop)
rh_status_q || exit 0
$1
;;
restart|configtest)
$1
;;
reload)
rh_status_q || exit 7
$1
;;
force-reload)
force_reload
;;
status)
rh_status
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
rh_status_q || exit 0
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
exit 2
esac
把该脚本放到/etc/init.d目录下并赋予该脚本权限
[root@localhost tmp]# mv nginx /etc/init.d/nginx [root@localhost tmp]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx
添加到开机启动项并启动服务
[root@localhost tmp]# chkconfig --add nginx [root@localhost tmp]# chkconfig --level 35 nginx on [root@localhost tmp]# chkconfig --list | grep nginx nginx 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:off 5:on 6:off [root@localhost tmp]#
启动服务
[root@localhost init.d]# service nginx restart
the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
Stopping nginx: [ OK ]
Starting nginx: [ OK ]
[root@localhost init.d]# ss -tunlp | grep 80
tcp LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:* users:(("nginx",7602,6),("nginx",7604,6))
[root@localhost init.d]#
2、升级Python
为毛要升级Python呢，因为django1.5之后的版本导入django core是使用推导式的，而推导式list是python2.7之后才支持的，so~
如果你建立django项目的时候出现如下报错，请升级你的Python或降级django版本
commands = {name: 'django.core' for name in find_commands(__path__[0])}
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
我们这里安装python 2.7.5
[root@localhost tmp]# wget --no-check-certificate [root@localhost tmp]# tar -xzvf Python-2.7.5.tgz [root@localhost tmp]# cd Python-2.7.5 [root@localhost Python-2.7.5]# ./configure [root@localhost Python-2.7.5]# make && make install [root@localhost Python-2.7.5]# mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python.bak [root@localhost Python-2.7.5]# ln -s /usr/local/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python
修复yum,修改后/usr/bin/yum第一行如下所示
[root@localhost tmp]# vim /usr/bin/yum #!/usr/bin/python2.6
安装pip(如果你更新python之前安装过pip,这个时候多半是不能用的，建议从官网从新下载安装)
常见报错如下：
Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pelican-quickstart", line 5, in <module> from pkg_resources import load_entry_pointImportError: No module named pkg_resources
解决办法：
重新安装setuptools和pip即可解决
3、安装django并创建项目
安装django
[root@localhost ~]# pip install django
创建项目（在nginx定义的目录下面）
[root@localhost www]# django-admin startproject opsdev
4、安装uwsgi
安装uwsgi
[root@localhost opsdev]# pip install uwsgi
测试
#test.py
def application(env,start_response):
start_response('200 OK',[('Content-Type','text/html')])
return ["hello world"]
运行并查看结果
uwsgi:uwsgi --http :9090 --wsgi-file test.py
5、uwsgi配置django
创建django_wsgi.py文件(和mange.py同级目录)
[root@localhost opsdev]# ls
db.sqlite3 django_wsgi.py manage.py opsdev
django_wsgi.pyc media static
[root@localhost opsdev]# cat django_wsgi.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
# coding: utf-8
import os
import sys
# 将系统的编码设置为UTF8
#reload(sys)
#sys.setdefaultencoding('utf8')
#注意："mysite.settings" 和项目文件夹对应。
os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "opsdev.settings")
#from django.core.handlers.wsgi import WSGIHandler
#application = WSGIHandler()
# 上面两行测试不对，然后从stackflow上面看到了下面两行，测试ok
from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
application = get_wsgi_application()
[root@localhost opsdev]#
创建django_socket.xml文件(和mange.py同级目录)
[root@localhost opsdev]# cat django_socket.xml <uwsgi> <socket>127.0.0.1:8077</socket> <!-- 和nginx中定义的要一致 --> <chdir>/www/opsdev</chdir> <!-- 你django的项目目录 --> <module>django_wsgi</module> <!-- 名称为刚才上面定义的py文件名 --> <processes>4</processes> <!-- 进程数 --> <daemonize>/var/log/uwsgi.log</daemonize> </uwsgi> [root@localhost opsdev]# ls db.sqlite3 django_wsgi.py manage.py opsdev django_socket.xml django_wsgi.pyc media static [root@localhost opsdev]#
验证是否能够正常访问
[root@localhost opsdev]# uwsgi --http :8000 --chdir /www/opsdev/ --wsgi-file django_wsgi.py *** Starting uWSGI 2.0.9 (64bit) on [Thu Jan 8 12:21:15 2015] *** compiled with version: 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-11) on 07 January 2015 23:29:52 os: Linux-2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Feb 22 00:31:26 UTC 2013 nodename: localhost.localdomain
如果上面没有出错，就说明uwsgi和django结合完毕
6、配置nginx配置文件（其他未做更改）
location / {
include uwsgi_params;
uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8077;
}
location /static/ {
alias /www/opsdev/static/;
index index.html index.htm;
}
location /media/ {
alias /www/opsdev/media/;
}
7、启动测试
启动uwsgi
[root@localhost opsdev]# uwsgi -x django_socket.xml [uWSGI] parsing config file django_socket.xml [root@localhost opsdev]#
启动nginx
[root@localhost opsdev]# service nginx start Starting nginx: [ OK ] [root@localhost opsdev]#
查看进程
[root@localhost opsdev]# ss -tunlp
Netid State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
tcp LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:8077 *:* users:(("uwsgi",25703,3),("uwsgi",25704,3),("uwsgi",25705,3),("uwsgi",25706,3))
tcp LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:* users:(("nginx",26427,6),("nginx",26429,6))
查看结果
常见FAQ:
uwsgi: invalid option -- 'x' getopt_long() error
解决办法：用“ yum install libxml*”即可解决。安装uwsgi时看到 “xml = libxml2”就表示成功了
“The translation infrastructure cannot be initialized before the ”
django.core.exceptions.AppRegistryNotReady: The translation infrastructure cannot be initialized before the apps registry is ready. Check that you don’t make non-lazy gettext calls at import time.
解决办法（修改django_wsgi.py）：
原来： import django.core.handlers.wsgi application = django.core.handlers.wsgi.WSGIHandler() 改成： from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application application = get_wsgi_application() 重启一下uwsgi。
no python application found, check your startup logs for errorsGET / => generated 21 bytes in 0 msecs (HTTP/1.1 500) 2 headers in 83 bytes (0 switches on core 0)
解决办法：检查django_wsgi.py配置文件，然后uwsgi单独访问下是否正常
还有很多东东要做，卧槽类。。。。
参考文档：在此表示谢谢！
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/22148144/python-importerror-no-module-named-pkg-resourceshttps://github.com/imelucifer/MyNote/blob/master/django/django%2Buwsgi%2Bnginx%2Bcentos%E9%83%A8%E7%BD%B2.mdhttp://www.aaini.com/