基于MF系统的Windows SideShow界面是非常炫的(如下图)。既然微软能用.Net Micro Framework实现这么棒的界面效果,我想我们也能做到。
(SideShow模拟器界面和游戏程序中的右键菜单—注意菜单弹出后,其它的界面变暗了)
现在的任务是设计一套支持鼠标(或触摸屏)的窗体框架(目前MF提供的Window类仅支持按键功能),所以正好把SideShow如此炫的界面元素也可以添加进来。
用过MF的人知道是用下面的方法来实现按键事件接收的,既然我们要支持鼠标功能,所以最好也用类似的机理实现。
- //按键事件
- protected override void OnButtonDown(ButtonEventArgs e)
- {
- switch (e.Button)
- {
- //按下确定键
- case Button.Select:
- break;
- //按下左键
- case Button.Left:
- break;
- //按下右键
- case Button.Right:
- break;
- //按向上
- case Button.Up:
- break;
- //按向下
- case Button.Down:
- break;
- //按下菜单
- case Button.Menu:
- break;
- //按下返回键
- case Button.Back:
- break;
- }
- base.OnButtonDown(e);
- }
用反编译工具仔细研究了MF底层库代码(.Net FrameWork 太庞大了,一个人绝对短时间内看不完,其实也很难看下去,但是对刚刚起步的MF来说,.Net Micro FrameWork就简单多了),终于理清了头绪。主要原理是在鼠标信息处理线程中通过Application.Current.Windows 属性(该属性存放了当前实例所有派生于Window类的窗体)和应用实例的this.Dispatcher属性的BeginInvoke方法,外部调用窗体鼠标事件函数。充分利用基类虚函数的妙处来实现类似按键信息处理的功能。
在YFWindowBase类中声明如下虚拟鼠标事件函数。
- //鼠标移动
- public virtual void OnMouseMove(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
- {
- if (MouseMove != null) MouseMove(sender, e);
- }
- //鼠标单击
- public virtual void OnMouseClick(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
- {
- if (MouseClick != null) MouseClick(sender, e);
- }
- //按下
- public virtual void OnMouseDown(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
- {
- if (MouseDown != null) MouseDown(sender, e);
- }
- //抬起
- public virtual void OnMouseUp(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
- {
- if (MouseUp != null) MouseUp(sender, e);
- }
在鼠标信息处理函数中执行如下的代码即可。
- //处理鼠标消息
- private static void TransactMouse(MouseState state, int x, int y, MouseButtons button)
- {
- if (Application.Current == null) return;
- for (int i = Application.Current.Windows.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
- {
- try
- {
- YFWindowBase mw = Application.Current.Windows[i] as YFWindowBase;
- if (mw.Enabled && mw.IsVisible)
- {
- //判断子窗体
- bool bReturn = false;
- for (int j = mw.Children.Count - 1; j >= 0; j--)
- {
- //仅最上层并且可视的控件接收鼠标消息
- YFControl cl = mw.Children[j];
- if (!bReturn && cl.Visible && IsRectContains(x, y, mw.Left + cl.Left, mw.Top + cl.Top, cl.Width, cl.Height))
- {
- if (cl.Enable) //Enable和Visible不一样,Enable即使无效,下层控件也没有机会获得鼠标消息
- {
- if (!cl._EnterFlag)
- {
- cl._EnterFlag = true;
- _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(cl.OnMouseEnter), cl, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - cl.Left - mw.Left, y - cl.Top - mw.Top));
- }
- if ((state & MouseState.Move) > 0)
- _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(cl.OnMouseMove), cl, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - cl.Left - mw.Left, y - cl.Top - mw.Top));
- if ((state & MouseState.Down) > 0)
- _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(cl.OnMouseDown), cl, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - cl.Left - mw.Left, y - cl.Top - mw.Top));
- if ((state & MouseState.Up) > 0)
- _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(cl.OnMouseUp), cl, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - cl.Left - mw.Left, y - cl.Top - mw.Top));
- if ((state & MouseState.Click) > 0)
- _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(cl.OnMouseClick), cl, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - cl.Left - mw.Left, y - cl.Top - mw.Top));
- }
- //向主窗体传OnMouseEvent消息,为了绘制鼠标
- if ((state & MouseState.Event) > 0)
- _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(mw.OnMouseEvent), mw, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - mw.Left, y - mw.Top));
- bReturn = true;
- }
- else
- {
- if (cl._EnterFlag)
- {
- cl._EnterFlag = false;
- _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(cl.OnMouseLeave), cl, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - cl.Left, y - cl.Top));
- }
- }
- }
- if (bReturn) return;
- }
- //仅最上层并且可视的窗体接收鼠标消息
- if (mw.IsVisible && IsRectContains(x, y, mw.Left, mw.Top, mw.Width, mw.Height))
- {
- if (!mw.Enabled) return;
- if ((state & MouseState.Move) > 0)
- _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(mw.OnMouseMove), mw, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - mw.Left, y - mw.Top));
- if ((state & MouseState.Down) > 0)
- _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(mw.OnMouseDown), mw, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - mw.Left, y - mw.Top));
- if ((state & MouseState.Up) > 0)
- _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(mw.OnMouseUp), mw, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - mw.Left, y - mw.Top));
- if ((state & MouseState.Click) > 0)
- _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(mw.OnMouseClick), mw, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - mw.Left, y - mw.Top));
- if ((state & MouseState.Event) > 0)
- _dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new MouseInputEventHandler(mw.OnMouseEvent), mw, new MouseEventArgs(button, x - mw.Left, y - mw.Top));
- return;
- }
- }
- catch (Exception e)
- {
- throw new Exception(e.Message.ToString(), e);
- }
- }
- }
用户程序的窗体类只要派生于YFWindowBase类,就可以直接支持鼠标和按键功能了。用户代码如下:
- //主窗体
- internal sealed class MFWindow :YFWindowBase
- {
- public YFLabel label1;
- YFButton button1, button2, button3, button4, button5;
- public MFWindow()
- {
- //标签
- label1 = new YFLabel("就绪", 0, Height - 25, Width, 25);
- label1.TextAlign = TextAlignment.Left;
- label1.BackColor = ColorUtility.ColorFromRGB(189, 235, 255);
- label1.BorderStyle = BorderStyle.FixedSingle;
- //添加按钮
- button1 = new YFButton("触摸屏校准", 30, 35, 90, 40);
- button1.MouseClick += new MouseInputEventHandler(button_MouseClick);
- button2 = new YFButton("计算器",200, 35, 90, 40);
- button2.MouseClick += new MouseInputEventHandler(button_MouseClick);
- button3 = new YFButton("简易记事本", 30, 135, 90, 40);
- button3.MouseClick += new MouseInputEventHandler(button_MouseClick);
- button4 = new YFButton("关于...", 200, 135, 90, 40);
- button4.MouseClick += new MouseInputEventHandler(button_MouseClick);
- button5 = new YFButton("主菜单", 125, 85, 70, 40);
- button5.MouseClick += new MouseInputEventHandler(button_MouseClick);
- Children.Add(button1);
- Children.Add(button2);
- Children.Add(button3);
- Children.Add(button4);
- Children.Add(button5);
- Children.Add(label1);
- button3.Enable = false;
- //button3.Visible = false;
- //设置菜单
- Menu.AddItem(new MenuItem("触摸屏校准"));
- Menu.AddItem(new MenuItem("-"));
- Menu.AddItem(new MenuItem("计算器"));
- Menu.AddItem(new MenuItem("简易记事本"));
- Menu.AddItem(new MenuItem("-"));
- Menu.AddItem(new MenuItem("关于..."));
- Menu[3].Enabled = false;
- //Menu[3].Visible = false;
- }
- //按钮事件
- void button_MouseClick(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
- {
- YFButton button=((YFButton)sender);
- switch (button.Text)
- {
- case "主菜单":
- //弹出菜单
- this.Menu.Show();
- break;
- default:
- OnMenuClick(new MenuEventArgs(0, button.Text));
- break;
- }
- }
运行后的界面如下:
图1:主界面(按钮即支持鼠标也可以用按键切换输入焦点(right键等同于PC平台上的Tab键),并用OK键触发按键事件)
图2:单击主菜单按钮或单击“Menu”就可以弹出主菜单
图3:不要小看了上图的蓝色小圆,是我费了好大劲才绘制出来的(目前MF仅支持矩形框的填充)。
- private void DrawCircle(Color c,int x, int y, int r, DrawingContext dc)
- {
- Pen p=new Pen(c);
- SolidColorBrush b = new SolidColorBrush(c);
- int Offset45=(int)(0.707*r);
- int Offset30 = r / 2;
- int Offset60 = (int)(0.866 * r);
- for (int i = Offset45; i < r + 1; i++)
- {
- dc.DrawEllipse(null, p, x, y, i, i);
- }
- dc.DrawRectangle(b, null, x - Offset45, y - Offset45,Offset45*2, Offset45*2);
- dc.DrawRectangle(b, null, x - Offset60, y - Offset30, Offset60 * 2, Offset30 * 2);
- dc.DrawRectangle(b, null, x - Offset30, y - Offset60, Offset30 * 2, Offset60 * 2);
- dc.DrawLine(p, x - Offset60, y - Offset30, x - Offset30, y - Offset60);
- dc.DrawLine(p, x+ Offset60 , y + Offset30, x + Offset30 ,y + Offset60 );
- dc.DrawLine(p, x - Offset60, y + Offset30, x - Offset30 , y + Offset60);
- dc.DrawLine(p, x + Offset60, y - Offset30, x + Offset30, y - Offset60);
- }
图5:终于在MF上实现了计算器的功能,目前不仅支持鼠标,也可以用光标键和OK键进行输入计算了。
别小看了计算器程序,由于MF仅有数字转字符串功能,没有实现字符串转数字的功能,我自己自定义了一些函数,用了一些特殊的用法才编写完成。
- //数字输入的部分代码
- if (strInput == "0.") dblInput = 0;
- if (strInput != "0.")
- {
- strInput += b.Text;
- if (strInput.IndexOf('.')<1)
- {
- dblInput *= 10;
- dblInput += ToDouble(b.Text);
- }
- else
- {
- int index = strInput.Length - strInput.LastIndexOf('.') - 1;
- dblInput += ToDouble(b.Text) /System.Math.Pow(10,index);
- }
- }
- else if (b.Text != "0")
- {
- strInput = b.Text;
- dblInput = ToDouble(b.Text);
- }
下面是窗体的界面搭建部分,你绝对想不到用这么短的代码就实现了上图的界面布局(看过我以前.Net Micro Framework研究的网友,应该对MF本身提供的控件有印象,正是因为系统的控件不好用,我专门重新写了一套MF控件类)。
- YFButton[] button=new YFButton[20];
- YFLabel lblInput = null;
- string[] strText = new string[] { "7", "8", "9", "/", "CE", "4", "5", "6", "*", "%", "1", "2", "3", "-", "1/x", "0", "+/-", ".", "+", "=" };
- public YFCalc(string Title,int Width,int Height,YFWindowBase Parent)
- : base(Title, Width, Height, Parent)
- {
- int x=ClientRect.X,y=ClientRect.Y;
- lblInput = new YFLabel("0.", x + 5, y + 5, ClientRect.Width - 10, 20);
- lblInput.TextAlign = TextAlignment.Right;
- Children.Add(lblInput);
- for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++)
- {
- if(i % 5==0 && i!=0)
- {
- x = ClientRect.X;
- y = y + 32;
- }
- button[i] = new YFButton("", x + 5, y + 32, 32, 28);
- button[i].Text = strText[i];
- button[i].MouseClick += new MouseInputEventHandler(button_MouseClick);
- x += 37;
- Children.Add(button[i]);
- }
- }
- //按钮单击
- void button_MouseClick(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
- {
- }
其实这段时间以来,我一直在研究MF,虽然目前它还不是很成熟,但是随着研究的深入,越来越对它痴迷,越来越发现很多MF的宝藏(如果你有耐心的话,一定要看看MF底层框架的源码(通过反编译工具Reflector),你会发现很多很有意思的功能)。
MF相对于Windows XP/Vista、Windows CE而言,还只能算一个婴孩,但就是这样,就如一个伟人所说:孩子就是未来的希望。所以有理由相信MF的明天会更好
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