CenOS 6.3 + nginx 1.2.4 + PHP 5.4.8 + MySQL 5.5.28 完整配置(2)

8.7 初始化安装数据库

# /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db \

--defaults-file=/var/mysql/my.cnf \

--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \

--datadir=/var/mysql/data \

--user=mysql

 

8.8 将 mysql 加入开机启动

# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld

# vi /etc/init.d/mysqld

查找并修改：

basedir=/usr/local/mysql

datadir=/var/mysql/data

 

8.9 添加为系统服务

# chkconfig --add mysqld

# chkconfig --level 2345 mysqld on

 

8.10 启动mysql 设置 root 密码

# service mysqld start 

# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password "123456"

错误一：

mysqladmin, mysql ... 命令无法执行：

# export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH

错误二：

Could NOT find Curses (missing:  CURSES_LIBRARY CURSES_INCLUDE_PATH)

# yum install ncurses-devel

 

8.11 添加并发优化

# vi /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe

在 executing mysqld_safe 的下一行，加上：

export LD_PRELOAD=/usr/local/lib/libtcmalloc.so

 

启动 mysql：

# service mysqld restart

使用lsof命令查看tcmalloc是否起效：

# /usr/sbin/lsof -n | grep tcmalloc

如果发现以下信息，说明tcmalloc已经起效：

mysqld    10847   mysql  mem       REG        8,5  1203756   20484960 /usr/local/lib/libtcmalloc.so.0.0.0

 

 

 

9. 开始安装 PHP

9.1 下载 php 和相关软件包

# cd /mydata/soft

wget http://cn2.php.net/get/php-5.4.8.tar.gz/from/this/mirror

wget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.14.tar.gz

wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mcrypt/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz?modtime=1171868460&big_mirror=0

wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mcrypt/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz?modtime=1194463373&big_mirror=0

wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mhash/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz?modtime=1175740843&big_mirror=0

wget ftp://ftp.imagemagick.org/pub/ImageMagick/ImageMagick-6.8.0-2.tar.gz

wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/imagemagick/files/old-sources/6.x/6.6/ImageMagick-6.6.9-10.tar.gz

wget http://pecl.php.net/get/imagick-3.1.0RC2.tgz

wget http://pecl.php.net/get/memcache-3.0.7.tgz

wget https://launchpad.net/libmemcached/1.0/1.0.4/+download/libmemcached-1.0.4.tar.gz

wget https://launchpad.net/libmemcached/1.0/1.0.13/+download/libmemcached-1.0.13.tar.gz

wget http://memcached.googlecode.com/files/memcached-1.4.15.tar.gz

wget http://pecl.php.net/get/memcached-2.1.0.tgz

wget https://github.com/eaccelerator/eaccelerator/tarball/master

wget https://github.com/downloads/libevent/libevent/libevent-2.0.20-stable.tar.gz

 

9.2 安装 php 相关的软件

这部分代码安装过好多太服务器几乎没有什么问题，可以直接全部复制粘贴到ssh就好了，我就不打 # 号了

 

tar zxvf libiconv-1.14.tar.gz

cd libiconv-1.14

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make && make install

cd ../

 

tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz

cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/

./configure

make && make install

/sbin/ldconfig

cd libltdl/

./configure --enable-ltdl-install

make && make install

cd ../../

 

tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz

cd mhash-0.9.9.9/

./configure

make && make install

cd ../

 

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1

ln -s /usr/local/bin/libmcrypt-config /usr/bin/libmcrypt-config

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18  /usr/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18

 

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib64/libmcrypt.la

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib64/libmcrypt.so

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib64/libmcrypt.so.4

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib64/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib64/libmhash.a

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib64/libmhash.la

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib64/libmhash.so

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib64/libmhash.so.2

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib64/libmhash.so.2.0.1

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18  /usr/lib64/libmysqlclient.so.18

ln -sv /usr/lib64/libldap* /usr/lib/

 

tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz

cd mcrypt-2.6.8/

/sbin/ldconfig

./configure

make && make install

cd ../

 

9.3 新建扩展配置目录

# mkdir -p /usr/local/php/etc/php.d/

 

9.4 开始安装 PHP 5.4.8

# tar xvzf php-5.4.8.tar.gz

# cd php-5.4.8/

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc \

--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql/ --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config \

--with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql/ --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --enable-fpm \

--disable-phar --with-fpm-user=www --with-fpm-group=www --with-pcre-regex \

--with-config-file-scan-dir=/usr/local/php/etc/php.d \

--with-zlib --with-bz2 --enable-calendar --with-curl --enable-dba --with-libxml-dir \

--enable-ftp --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-freetype-dir \

--enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-gd-jis-conv --with-mhash --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt \

--enable-pcntl --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-shmop --enable-sockets --enable-zip \

--enable-bcmath --with-snmp --disable-ipv6 --with-xmlrpc --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl --enable-exif \

--enable-soap --enable-pdo --with-pdo-mysql --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curlwrappers

 

# make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'

# make test

# make install

# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

 

# PATH=/usr/local/php/bin:$PATH

# PATH=/usr/local/php/sbin:$PATH

 

提示：

--enable-fastcgi --enable-force-cgi-redirect PHP 5.3以后已经强制开启了 fastcgi 了，具体查看官方说明：

https://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=50840&edit=1  最下面 FastCGI is now always enabled and cannot be disabled.

错误：

configure: error: Cannot find ldap libraries in /usr/lib.

解决办法：

ln -sv /usr/lib64/libldap* /usr/lib/

 

注意 make test 的时候可能会出现 ：

/mnt/sun/php-5.4.8/sapi/cli/php: error while loading shared libraries: libmysqlclient.so.18: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

32位系统

# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18  /usr/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18

64位系统

# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18  /usr/lib64/libmysqlclient.so.18

 

9.5 开机启动 php-fpm

# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm

# chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm

# chkconfig --add php-fpm

# chkconfig --level 2345 php-fpm on

# cd ../

 

9.6 关于php-fpm 的操作说明与添加系统服务

PHP5.3.3以上版本的php-fpm重启、停止命令已经不是php-fpm start|stop|reload了，

需要使用信号控制：

详细内容查看该文章

PHP 5.4.8 添加系统服务命令

http://www.zhouz.me/post/2012-10-24/40041265730 

 

9.7 安装 PHP 扩展

9.7.1 服务器版 memcached

memcached 把我搞晕了，有两个 memcached，我也不是很清楚具体区别，

按我的理解应该是分为 服务器版 和 php 扩展版

一开始用 服务器版来编译 php 扩展，搞了半天都没弄出来，后来才发现居然有两个，晕死了

 

安装依赖包：

# tar zxvf libevent-2.0.20-stable.tar.gz

# cd libevent-2.0.20-stable

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libevent

# make && make install

# cd ../

 

# tar xvzf memcached-1.4.15.tar.gz

# cd memcached-1.4.15

# ./configure --enable-64bit --enable-threads --with-libevent=/usr/local/libevent

# make && make install

# cd ../

 

检测是否安装成功：

# ls -al /usr/local/bin/memcached

# mkdir -p /var/run/memcached/

 

启动 memcached：

# /usr/local/bin/memcached -d -m 128 -u root -l 22.11.5.91 -p 11211 -c 256 -P /var/run/memcached/memcached.pid

# ps aux|grep memcached

 

关闭 memcached：

# kill `cat /var/run/memcached/memcached.pid`

 

新建启动和关闭脚本并赋执行权限：

# cp memcached-1.4.15/scripts/memcached.sysv /etc/init.d/memcached

# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/memcached

 

修改配置：

# vi /etc/init.d/memcached

修改：

PORT=11212

USER=root

OPTIONS=""

 

查找：

daemon memcached -d -p ....

修改为：

daemon /usr/local/bin/memcached -d -p ....

 

添加下面两行：

chown $USER /usr/local/bin/memcached

/usr/local/bin/memcached -d -p $PORT -u $USER  -m $CACHESIZE -c $MAXCONN -P /var/run/memcache/memcached.pid $OPTIONS

 

添加到系统服务：

# chkconfig --add memcached

# chkconfig --level 2345 memcached on

# chkconfig --list memcached

 

测试启动 检测 关闭：

# service memcached start

# ps aux|grep memcached

# service memcached stop

 

开启防火墙外网访问（单机可忽略该设置）：

# iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 11211 -j ACCEPT

# iptables -I OUTPUT -p tcp --sport 11211 -j ACCEPT

# iptables-save

# service iptables save

 

9.7.2 安装php扩展版 memcached

依赖库：

# tar zxvf libmemcached-1.0.13.tar.gz

# cd libmemcached-1.0.13

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libmemcached

# make && make install

# cd ../

 

安装 memcached

# tar vxzf memcached-2.1.0.tgz

# cd memcached-2.1.0

# /usr/local/php/bin/phpize

# ./configure --enable-memcached --with-libmemcached-dir=/usr/local/libmemcached --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config

# make && make install

# cd ..

 

9.7.3 安装 memcache

# tar zxvf memcache-3.0.7.tgz

# cd memcache-3.0.7/

# /usr/local/php/bin/phpize

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/memcache --enable-memcache --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --with-zlib-dir

# make && make install

# cd ../

 

9.7.4 安装图片处理软件 可取代 gd

# tar zxvf ImageMagick-6.8.0-2.tar.gz

# cd ImageMagick-6.8.0-2/

# export CFLAGS='-fPIC'

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/ImageMagick --with-quantum-depth=8 --enable-share --enable-static

# make && make install

# cd ../

 

# tar zxvf imagick-3.1.0RC2.tgz

# cd imagick-3.1.0RC2/

# /usr/local/php/bin/phpize

# export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/local/ImageMagick/lib/pkgconfig/

# ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --with-imagick=/usr/local/ImageMagick

# make && make install

# cd ../

 

9.7.5 安装 eaccelerator 给 php 编译加速+缓存

# wget https://github.com/eaccelerator/eaccelerator/tarball/master

# mv master eaccelerator-eaccelerator-42067ac.tar.gz

# tar zxvf eaccelerator-eaccelerator-42067ac.tar.gz

# cd eaccelerator-eaccelerator-42067ac/

# /usr/local/php/bin/phpize

# ./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config

# make && make install

# cd ../

 

新建目录：

# mkdir /tmp/eaccelerator_cache

# chmod 0777 /tmp/eaccelerator_cache

 

9.7.6 配置扩展

打开自动扫描的扩展目录：

# cd /usr/local/php/etc/php.d

--------------------------------忽略分割线------------------------------ 

 

# vi eaccelerator.ini

写入：

[eaccelerator]

zend_extension="/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20100525/eaccelerator.so"

eaccelerator.shm_size="20"

eaccelerator.cache_dir="/tmp/eaccelerator_cache"

eaccelerator.enable="1"

eaccelerator.optimizer="1"

eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"

eaccelerator.debug="0"

eaccelerator.filter=""

eaccelerator.shm_max="0"

eaccelerator.shm_ttl="3600"

eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="3600"

eaccelerator.shm_only="0"

eaccelerator.compress="1"

eaccelerator.compress_level="9"

 

--------------------------------忽略分割线------------------------------

 

# vi memcache.ini

写入：

extension = "memcache.so"

memcache.chunk_size = 32768

 

--------------------------------忽略分割线------------------------------ 

 

# vi memcached.ini

写入：

extension = "memcached.so"

 

--------------------------------忽略分割线------------------------------ 

 

# vi imagick.ini

写入：

extension = "imagick.so"

 

--------------------------------忽略分割线------------------------------ 

 

修改php配置：

 

# vi /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

查找并修改：

cgi.fix_pathinfo=0

extension_dir = "/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20100525/"

expose_php = Off

allow_url_fopen = Off

open_basedir = /tmp/:/var/www/

disable_functions = exec,system,passthru,chroot,scandir,chgrp,shell_exec,proc_open,proc_get_status,ini_alter,ini_alter,ini_restore,dl,openlog,syslog,readlink,symlink,popepassthru,stream_socket_server

date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai

 

拷贝 php-fpm 配置：

# cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

# vi /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

 

查找并修改：

以下为示例数值，按自己服务器实际性能配置：

pm.max_children = 50

pm.start_servers = 20

pm.min_spare_servers = 5

pm.max_spare_servers = 35

pm.max_requests = 10240

rlimit_files = 65535

 

10. 设置开机启动

# vi /etc/rc.local

写入：

ulimit -SHn 65535

service mysqld start

service php-fpm start

service memcached start

service nginx start

 

11. 配置完成

弄了好几天，每天都熬到凌晨3点，终于弄完了，搞服务器真要累死人。。。

写这个不容易，转载请注明出处啊，谢谢！ 

神神的蜗牛   http://www.zhouz.me/post/2012-10-24/40041265730