三 举例如下:
最上面的错误是由bbed模拟的,下面构造一个比较接近实际的例子。
既然我们已经知道,ora-01190错误是由于数据文件头部resetlogs信息和控制文件中resetlogs信息不匹配造成,那么当我们alter database open resetlogs 打开一个数据库时,如果某个文件头部没有被alter database open resetlogs动作更新,比如open resetlogs 打开数据库前有一个offline的数据文件,那么open resetlogs 之后此数据文件要online时就会报ora-01190错误。
1 构造一个ora-01190错误
SQL> select file#,name,status from v$datafile;
FILE# NAME STATUS
---------- ---------------------------------------- -------
1 /oracle/test/system1.dbf SYSTEM
2 /oracle/test/zxb.dbf ONLINE
3 /oracle/test/sysaux01.dbf ONLINE
4 /oracle/test/users01.dbf ONLINE
5 /oracle/test/zxa.dbf ONLINE
6 /oracle/test/test1.dbf ONLINE
7 /oracle/test/zxc.dbf ONLINE
8 /oracle/test/undotbs1.dbf ONLINE
9 /oracle/test/undotbs3.dbf ONLINE
11 /oracle/test/jiujian1.dbf ONLINE
13 /oracle/test/test2.dbf ONLINE
SQL> alter database datafile 13 offline;(注意open resetlogs数据库前需要offline drop 数据文件这里先offline触发报错时在改成offline drop)
Database altered.
SQL> select file#,name,status from v$datafile;
FILE# NAME STATUS
---------- ---------------------------------------- -------
1 /oracle/test/system1.dbf SYSTEM
2 /oracle/test/zxb.dbf ONLINE
3 /oracle/test/sysaux01.dbf ONLINE
4 /oracle/test/users01.dbf ONLINE
5 /oracle/test/zxa.dbf ONLINE
6 /oracle/test/test1.dbf ONLINE
7 /oracle/test/zxc.dbf ONLINE
8 /oracle/test/undotbs1.dbf ONLINE
9 /oracle/test/undotbs3.dbf ONLINE
11 /oracle/test/jiujian1.dbf ONLINE
13 /oracle/test/test2.dbf RECOVER
11 rows selected.
SQL> select hxfil,fhrba_seq from x$kcvfh;
HXFIL FHRBA_SEQ
---------- ----------
1 5
2 5
3 5
4 5
5 5
6 5
7 5
8 5
9 5
11 5
13 5
11 rows selected.
SQL> select group#,archived,sequence#,status from v$log;
GROUP# ARC SEQUENCE# STATUS
---------- --- ---------- ----------------
1 YES 7 ACTIVE
2 NO 8 CURRENT
6 YES 6 ACTIVE
4 YES 4 INACTIVE
5 YES 5 ACTIVE
3 YES 3 INACTIVE
6 rows selected.
SQL> startup force mount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 322961408 bytes
Fixed Size
2020480 bytes
Variable Size
96471936 bytes
Database Buffers
218103808 bytes
Redo Buffers
6365184 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> recover database until cancel;
ORA-00279: change 2781702590 generated at 01/21/2013 22:22:06 needed for thread
1
ORA-00289: suggestion : /oracle/archive/1_5_805259716.dbf
ORA-00280: change 2781702590 for thread 1 is in sequence #5
Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
cancel
ORA-01547: warning: RECOVER succeeded but OPEN RESETLOGS would get error below
ORA-01194: file 1 needs more recovery to be consistent
ORA-01110: data file 1: '/oracle/test/system1.dbf'
ORA-01112: media recovery not started
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;
alter database open resetlogs
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01194: file 1 needs more recovery to be consistent
ORA-01110: data file 1: '/oracle/test/system1.dbf'
注意这里由于一致性原因不能open resetlogs我们加下面的隐含参数规避该错误
SQL> alter system set "_allow_resetlogs_corruption"=true scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> startup force mount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 322961408 bytes
Fixed Size
2020480 bytes
Variable Size
96471936 bytes
Database Buffers
218103808 bytes
Redo Buffers
6365184 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;
alter database open resetlogs
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01245: offline file 13 will be lost if RESETLOGS is done
ORA-01110: data file 13: '/oracle/test/test2.dbf'
注意:这里提示如果以resetlogs打开数据库,则13号文件会丢失。所以我们用如下命令增加关键字for drop 意思就是告诉数据库,这个数据文件我后面可能会丢弃,不会在online了。
SQL> alter database datafile 13 offline for drop;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;
Database altered.
SQL> select resetlogs_change#, to_char(resetlogs_time,'mm/dd/yyyy hh24:mi:ss') time from v$database;
RESETLOGS_CHANGE# TIME
----------------- -------------------
2781863029 01/21/2013 23:15:55
SQL> select hxfil,fhrls change#,fhrlc_i,fhrlc time from x$kcvfh;
HXFIL CHANGE# FHRLC_I TIME
---------- ---------------- ---------- --------------------
1 2781863029 805331755 01/21/2013 23:15:55
2 2781863029 805331755 01/21/2013 23:15:55
3 2781863029 805331755 01/21/2013 23:15:55
4 2781863029 805331755 01/21/2013 23:15:55
5 2781863029 805331755 01/21/2013 23:15:55
6 2781863029 805331755 01/21/2013 23:15:55
7 2781863029 805331755 01/21/2013 23:15:55
8 2781863029 805331755 01/21/2013 23:15:55
9 2781863029 805331755 01/21/2013 23:15:55
11 2781863029 805331755 01/21/2013 23:15:55
13 2781842874 805330675 01/21/2013 22:57:55
11 rows selected.
SQL> alter database datafile 13 online;
alter database datafile 13 online
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01190: control file or data file 13 is from before the last RESETLOGS
ORA-01110: data file 13: '/oracle/test/test2.dbf'
2 用bbed更改数据文件头部规避ora-01190错误
BBED> dump /v dba 1,1 offset 112 count 30
File: /oracle/test/system1.dbf (1)
Block: 1
Offsets: 112 to 141 Dba:0x00400001
-------------------------------------------------------
2b630030 75dccfa5 00000000 00000000 l +c.0u芟?.......
00000000 00000000 00000420 3408
l ........... 4.
<16 bytes per line>
BBED> dump /v dba 13,1 offset 112 count 30
File: /oracle/test/test2.dbf (13)
Block: 1
Offsets: 112 to 141 Dba:0x03400001
-------------------------------------------------------
f35e0030 ba8dcfa5 00000000 00000000 l �^.0?膝........
00000000 00000000 00000400 6c02
l ............l.
<16 bytes per line>
BBED> modify /x 2b63
Warning: contents of previous BIFILE will be lost. Proceed? (Y/N) y
File: /oracle/test/test2.dbf (13)
Block: 1
Offsets: 112 to 141 Dba:0x03400001
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2b630030 ba8dcfa5 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000400 6c02
<32 bytes per line>
BBED> dump /v dba 1,1 offset 116 count 30
File: /oracle/test/system1.dbf (1)
Block: 1
Offsets: 116 to 145 Dba:0x00400001
-------------------------------------------------------
75dccfa5 00000000 00000000 00000000 l u芟?...........
00000000 00000420 34080000 2a61
l ....... 4...*a
<16 bytes per line>
BBED> dump /v dba 13,1 offset 116 count 30
File: /oracle/test/test2.dbf (13)
Block: 1
Offsets: 116 to 145 Dba:0x03400001
-------------------------------------------------------
ba8dcfa5 00000000 00000000 00000000 l ?膝............
00000000 00000400 6c020000 785f
l ........l...x_
<16 bytes per line>
BBED> modify /x 75dc
File: /oracle/test/test2.dbf (13)
Block: 1
Offsets: 116 to 145 Dba:0x03400001
------------------------------------------------------------------------
75dccfa5 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000400 6c020000 785f
<32 bytes per line>
BBED> sum apply
Check value for File 13, Block 1:
current = 0xf50b, required = 0xf50b
SQL> select hxfil,fhrls change#,fhrlc_i,fhrlc time from x$kcvfh;
HXFIL CHANGE# FHRLC_I TIME
---------- ---------------- ---------- --------------------
1 2781863029 805331755 01/21/2013 23:15:55
2 2781863029 805331755 01/21/2013 23:15:55
3 2781863029 805331755 01/21/2013 23:15:55
4 2781863029 805331755 01/21/2013 23:15:55
5 2781863029 805331755 01/21/2013 23:15:55
6 2781863029 805331755 01/21/2013 23:15:55
7 2781863029 805331755 01/21/2013 23:15:55
8 2781863029 805331755 01/21/2013 23:15:55
9 2781863029 805331755 01/21/2013 23:15:55
11 2781863029 805331755 01/21/2013 23:15:55
13 2781863029 805331755 01/21/2013 23:15:55
11 rows selected.
注意下面,我们上面虽然用bbed调整了数据文件头部的restlogs scn 和resetlogs count 使之和控制文件保持一样,不过我们online 数据文件时会接着报需要介质恢复。如下:
SQL> alter database datafile 13 online;
alter database datafile 13 online
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01113: file 13 needs media recovery
ORA-01110: data file 13: '/oracle/test/test2.dbf'
3 用bbed调整数据文件头部检查点以及scn相关值
我们还应改如下偏移量
ub4 kcvfhcpc @140 0x00000308------检查点计数
ub4 kcvfhccc @148 0x00000307------总是比检查点计算少1
ub4 kcvcptim @492 0x2f9af923-----检查点时间
ub4 kscnbas @484 0x8013ea80-------- scn的低位
ub2 kscnwrp @488 0x0000--------- scn的高位
BBED> dump /v dba 1,1 offset 140 count 30
File: /oracle/test/system1.dbf (1)
Block: 1
Offsets: 140 to 169 Dba:0x00400001
-------------------------------------------------------
34080000 2a610030 33080000 00000000 l 4...*a.03.......
00000000 00000000 00000000 0000
l ..............
<16 bytes per line>
BBED> dump /v dba 13,1 offset 140 count 30
File: /oracle/test/test2.dbf (13)
Block: 1
Offsets: 140 to 169 Dba:0x03400001
-------------------------------------------------------
6c020000 05690030 6b020000 00000000 l l....i.0k.......
00000000 00000000 00000000 0000
l ..............
<16 bytes per line>
BBED> modify /x 3408
File: /oracle/test/test2.dbf (13)
Block: 1
Offsets: 140 to 169 Dba:0x03400001
------------------------------------------------------------------------
34080000 05690030 6b020000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 0000
<32 bytes per line>
BBED> dump /v dba 1,1 offset 148 count 30
File: /oracle/test/system1.dbf (1)
Block: 1
Offsets: 148 to 177 Dba:0x00400001
-------------------------------------------------------
33080000 00000000 00000000 00000000 l 3...............
00000000 00000000 00000000 0000
l ..............
<16 bytes per line>
BBED> dump /v dba 13,1 offset 148
File: /oracle/test/test2.dbf (13)
Block: 1
Offsets: 148 to 177 Dba:0x03400001
-------------------------------------------------------
6b020000 00000000 00000000 00000000 l k...............
00000000 00000000 00000000 0000
l ..............
<16 bytes per line>
BBED> modify /x 3308
File: /oracle/test/test2.dbf (13)
Block: 1
Offsets: 148 to 177 Dba:0x03400001
------------------------------------------------------------------------
33080000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 0000
<32 bytes per line>
BBED> dump /v dba 1,1 offset 492 count 30
File: /oracle/test/system1.dbf (1)
Block: 1
Offsets: 492 to 521 Dba:0x00400001
-------------------------------------------------------
7f630030 01000000 01000000 02000000 l .c.0............
10000000 02000000 00000000 0000
l ..............
<16 bytes per line>
BBED> dump /v dba 13,1 offset 492 count 30
File: /oracle/test/test2.dbf (13)
Block: 1
Offsets: 492 to 521 Dba:0x03400001
-------------------------------------------------------
4f600030 01000000 02000000 25000000 l O`.0........%...
100068be 02000000 00000000 0000
l ..h?.........
<16 bytes per line>
BBED> modify /x 7f63
File: /oracle/test/test2.dbf (13)
Block: 1
Offsets: 492 to 521 Dba:0x03400001
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7f630030 01000000 02000000 25000000 100068be 02000000 00000000 0000
<32 bytes per line>
BBED> dump /v dba 1,1 offset 484 count 30
File: /oracle/test/system1.dbf (1)
Block: 1
Offsets: 484 to 513 Dba:0x00400001
-------------------------------------------------------
76dccfa5 00000000 7f630030 01000000 l v芟?....c.0....
01000000 02000000 10000000 0200
l ..............
<16 bytes per line>
BBED> dump /v dba 13,1 offset 484 count 30
File: /oracle/test/test2.dbf (13)
Block: 1
Offsets: 484 to 513 Dba:0x03400001
-------------------------------------------------------
49dccfa5 00000000 7f630030 01000000 l I芟?....c.0....
02000000 25000000 100068be 0200
l ....%.....h?.
<16 bytes per line>
BBED> modify /x 76dc
File: /oracle/test/test2.dbf (13)
Block: 1
Offsets: 484 to 513 Dba:0x03400001
------------------------------------------------------------------------
76dccfa5 00000000 7f630030 01000000 02000000 25000000 100068be 0200
<32 bytes per line>
BBED> sum apply
Check value for File 13, Block 1:
current = 0xc02f, required = 0xc02f
SQL> recover datafile 13;
Media recovery complete.
--------------------------------------------------------完------------------------------------------------
总结
对于ora-01190,往往是ora-01190和数据文件的不一致共同出现。所以用bbed解决了ora-01190错误后,还需要处理数据文件的不一致问题。