配置参数:
R1
:
access-list 10 permit 192.168.5.0 0.0.0.255
//
配置匹配的流量
route-map ospf permit 10
//
创建一个路由图配置要匹配的流量
match ip address 10
//
关联要匹配的流量
set metric 1
//
设置匹配流量的度量值为
1
route-map ospf permit 20
//
接着用上面的路由图,配置序号为
20
,设置其它的流量
set metric 2
//
设置其它的流量的度量值为
2
router ospf 1
redistribute rip subnets
//
在
OSPF
里重发布
RIP
,让
R4
可以学习到
network 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
router rip
version 2
redistribute ospf 1 route-map ospf
//
在
RIP
里重发布
OSPF
,并应用上面配置好的路由图,达到
分流
(两台设备
[R1,R3]
配置不同的度量值)和热备(动态路由可以动态感知网络拓扑的变化,动态的将度量值小的路由装进路由表)的效果
!!!
network 192.168.1.0
no auto-summary
R2:
access-list 20 permit 192.168.6.0 0.0.0.255
route-map ospf permit 10
match ip address 20
set metric 1
route-map ospf permit 20
set metric 2
router ospf 1
redistribute rip subnets
network 192.168.4.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
router rip
version 2
redistribute ospf 1 route-map ospf
network 192.168.2.0
no auto-summary
测试:
r5#sh ip int b
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 192.168.100.2 YES NVRAM up up
r5#traceroute 192.168.5.1
1 192.168.100.1 1032 msec 20 msec 4 msec
2 192.168.1.2 16 msec 8 msec 60 msec
3 192.168.3.2 32 msec 12 msec *
r5#traceroute 192.168.6.1
1 192.168.100.1 32 msec 16 msec 16 msec
2 192.168.2.2 12 msec 28 msec 32 msec
3 192.168.4.2 16 msec 32 msec *
r5#
可以看出要去
192.168.5.0
的网络走左边,去
192.168.6.0
的网络走右边!!!
配置成功后路由表是这样的:
R2:
R 192.168.4.0/24 [120/2] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:17, Ethernet1/1
[120/2] via 192.168.1.2, 00:00:11, Ethernet1/0
192.168.5.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 192.168.5.1 [120/1] via 192.168.1.2, 00:00:11, Ethernet1/0
192.168.6.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 192.168.6.1 [120/1] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:17, Ethernet1/1
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet1/0
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet1/1
C 192.168.100.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
R 192.168.3.0/24 [120/2] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:17, Ethernet1/1
[120/2] via 192.168.1.2, 00:00:11, Ethernet1/0
可以看出,
R2
通过
R1
学习到
192.168.5.0
并且为
1
跳,通过
R3
学习到
192.168.6.0
并且为
1
跳。
现在来测试一下,将
R1
的
E0/0
(连着
R4
的接口)
down
掉,看看会发现什么现象:
R1:
r1(config)#int e0/0
r1(config-if)#sh
r1(config-if)#shutdown
R2:
r2#sh ip rou
R 192.168.4.0/24 [120/2] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:12, Ethernet1/1
192.168.5.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 192.168.5.1 [120/2] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:12, Ethernet1/1
192.168.6.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 192.168.6.1 [120/1] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:12, Ethernet1/1
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet1/0
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet1/1
C 192.168.100.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
R 192.168.3.0/24 [120/2] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:12, Ethernet1/1
r2#
可以看出
R2
是通过
R3
学习到的
192.168.5.0
的路由的,它的跳数为
2
,
R5
要去
192.168.5.0
的路由要走右边,因为左边的
R1
的上连端口
down
掉了。这样达到了热备的效果!!!
现在把
R1
的
E0/0
再开启,看看会是什么效果:
R1:
r1(config)#int e0/0
r1(config-if)#no shutdown
R2:
r2# SH IP ROU
R 192.168.4.0/24 [120/2] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:05, Ethernet1/1
[120/2] via 192.168.1.2, 00:00:25, Ethernet1/0
192.168.5.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 192.168.5.1 [120/1] via 192.168.1.2, 00:00:25, Ethernet1/0
192.168.6.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 192.168.6.1 [120/1] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:05, Ethernet1/1
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet1/0
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet1/1
C 192.168.100.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
R 192.168.3.0/24 [120/2] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:05, Ethernet1/1
[120/2] via 192.168.1.2, 00:00:25, Ethernet1/0
r2#
可以看出,
R2
通过动态路由感知到网络拓扑的变化,动态地学习到了度量值优的路由,然后入进入路由表里!!!