Oracle技术之基于表空间的时间点恢复

1、测试环境

03:57:50 SQL> conn scott/tiger

Connected.

03:57:57 SQL>

03:59:43 SQL> select * from tab;

TNAME                          TABTYPE  CLUSTERID

------------------------------ ------- ----------

EXCEPTIONS                     TABLE

LXTB1                          TABLE

LXTB2                          TABLE

SALGRADE                       TABLE

SYS_TEMP_FBT                   TABLE

BONUS                          TABLE

DEPT                           TABLE

EMP                            TABLE

8 rows selected.

03:59:45 SQL> select table_name,tablespace_name from user_tables;

TABLE_NAME                     TABLESPACE_NAME

------------------------------ ------------------------------

EXCEPTIONS                     USERS

LXTB1                          USERS

LXTB2                          LXTBS2

SALGRADE                       USERS

BONUS                          USERS

DEPT                           USERS

EMP                            USERS

SYS_TEMP_FBT

8 rows selected.

04:00:08 SQL> select * from lxtb2;

ID

----------

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

10

11

10 rows selected.

2、对主库做热备份

04:00:09 SQL> conn /as sysdba

Connected.

04:00:14 SQL>

04:00:14 SQL> @/home/oracle/test_hot_bak

04:00:22 SQL> set feedback off pagesize 0 heading off verify off linesize 100 trimspool on echo off time off

***spooling to /disk1/backup/test/hot_cmd.sql

spool /disk1/backup/test/hot_bak/hot_bak.lst

alter system switch logfile;

alter tablespace SYSTEM begin backup;

host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/system01.dbf /disk1/backup/test/hot_bak

alter tablespace SYSTEM end backup;

alter tablespace RTBS begin backup;

host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/rtbs01.dbf /disk1/backup/test/hot_bak

alter tablespace RTBS end backup;

alter tablespace SYSAUX begin backup;

host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf /disk1/backup/test/hot_bak

alter tablespace SYSAUX end backup;

alter tablespace USERS begin backup;

host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/users01.dbf /disk1/backup/test/hot_bak

alter tablespace USERS end backup;

alter tablespace LOB_16K begin backup;

host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/lob_16k01.dbf /disk1/backup/test/hot_bak

alter tablespace LOB_16K end backup;

alter tablespace UNDOTBS1 begin backup;

host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs1.dbf /disk1/backup/test/hot_bak

alter tablespace UNDOTBS1 end backup;

alter tablespace INDX begin backup;

host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/indx01.dbf /disk1/backup/test/hot_bak

alter tablespace INDX end backup;

alter tablespace LXTBS1 begin backup;

host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/lxtbs01.dbf /disk1/backup/test/hot_bak

alter tablespace LXTBS1 end backup;

alter tablespace LXTBS2 begin backup;

host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/lxtbs2.dbf /disk1/backup/test/hot_bak

alter tablespace LXTBS2 end backup;

archive log list;

spool off;

Database log mode              Archive Mode

Automatic archival             Enabled

Archive destination            /disk4/arch/test

Oldest online log sequence     6

Next log sequence to archive   9

Current log sequence           9

3、备份控制文件，作为备库的controlfile

SQL> alter database backup controlfile to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test2/control01.ctl';

SQL> exit

Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

4、生成pfile  文件

SQL>  create pfile from spfile；

5、表被误操作（truncate）

[oracle@work test]$ sqlplus / as sysdba;

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Oct 27 04:01:49 2011

Copyright （c） 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

04:01:50 SQL>

04:01:50 SQL> insert into scott.lxtb2 values （9）；

1 row created.

04:02:15 SQL> insert into scott.lxtb2 values （12）；

1 row created.

04:02:17 SQL> insert into scott.lxtb2 values （13）；

1 row created.

04:02:19 SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

04:02:21 SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

04:02:39 SQL> /

System altered.

04:02:40 SQL> /

System altered.

04:02:41 SQL> truncate table scott.lxtb2;

Table truncated.

04:02:50 SQL> select * from scott.lxtb2;

no rows selected

04:02:56 SQL> !

6、生成备库的pfile 文件（inittest2.ora）和备库口令文件

[oracle@work dbs]$ orapwd file=orapwtest2 password=oracle entries=3 force=y

[oracle@work hot_bak]$ cp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/inittest.ora $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/inittest2.ora

--------备库pfile 文件

[oracle@work dbs]$ cat inittest2.ora

test.__db_cache_size=251658240

test.__java_pool_size=4194304

test.__large_pool_size=4194304

test.__shared_pool_size=150994944

test.__streams_pool_size=0

*.audit_trail='NONE'

*.background_dump_dest='$ORACLE_BASE/admin/test/bdump'

*.core_dump_dest='$ORACLE_BASE/admin/test/cdump'

*.db_16k_cache_size=12582912

*.db_4k_cache_size=12582912

*.db_block_size=8192

*.db_cache_size=30M#DEMO

*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16

*.db_name='test'

*.db_recovery_file_dest='/disk1/flash/test'

*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648

*.fast_start_mttr_target=900

*.fast_start_parallel_rollback='HIGH'

*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/disk4/arch/test'

*.log_archive_dest_2=''

*.log_archive_format='arch_%t_%s_%r.log'

*.log_checkpoints_to_alert=TRUE

*.nls_date_format='yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'

*.O7_DICTIONARY_ACCESSIBILITY=FALSE

*.optimizer_mode='choose'

*.parallel_threads_per_cpu=4#SMALL

*.pga_aggregate_target=10485760

*.query_rewrite_enabled='true'

*.query_rewrite_integrity='trusted'

*.recovery_parallelism=4

*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'

*.resource_limit=TRUE

*.sga_max_size=440401920

*.sga_target=418m

*.shared_pool_size=100M#DEMO

*.star_transformation_enabled='true'

*.undo_management='auto'

*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

*.user_dump_dest='$ORACLE_BASE/admin/test/udump'

*.utl_file_dir='/home/oracle/logmnr'

---------添加以下内容

*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test2/control01.ctl'

db_unique_name = test2

db_file_name_convert=（'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test2'）

log_file_name_convert=（'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test2','/disk1/oradata/test','/disk1/oradata/test2'）

7、拷贝主库备份数据文件到备库目录下

[oracle@work hot_bak]$ mkdir /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test2

[oracle@work hot_bak]$ mkdir /disk1/oradata/test2

[oracle@work test]$ cd /disk1/backup/test/hot_bak/

[oracle@work hot_bak]$ ls

hot_bak.lst  indx01.dbf  lob_16k01.dbf  lxtbs01.dbf  lxtbs2.dbf  rtbs01.dbf  sysaux01.dbf  system01.dbf  undotbs1.dbf  users01.dbf

[oracle@work hot_bak]$ cp *.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test2/

8、启动备库到nomount

export ORACLE_SID=test2

[oracle@work hot_bak]$ export ORACLE_SID=test2

[oracle@work hot_bak]$ !sql

sqlplus / as sysdba;

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Oct 27 04:05:28 2011

Copyright （c） 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

04:05:29 SQL>

04:05:29 SQL> startup nomount pfile=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/inittest2.ora

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  440401920 bytes

Fixed Size                  1219904 bytes

Variable Size             113246912 bytes

Database Buffers          322961408 bytes

Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes

9、启动备库到mount状态

04:05:43 SQL> alter database mount clone database;

Database altered.

04:06:25 SQL> col name for a50

04:06:32 SQL> select name ,file# ,status from v$datafile;

NAME                                                    FILE# STATUS

-------------------------------------------------- ---------- -------

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test2/system01.dbf                  1 SYSOFF

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test2/rtbs01.dbf                    2 OFFLINE

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test2/sysaux01.dbf                  3 OFFLINE

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test2/users01.dbf                   4 OFFLINE

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test2/lob_16k01.dbf                 5 OFFLINE

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test2/lxtbs01.dbf                   6 OFFLINE

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test2/lxtbs2.dbf                    7 OFFLINE

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test2/undotbs1.dbf                  9 OFFLINE

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test2/indx01.dbf                   14 OFFLINE

9 rows selected.

10、将数据文件联机

04:09:17 SQL> alter database datafile 1 online;

Database altered.

04:09:24 SQL> alter database datafile 2 online;

Database altered.

04:09:26 SQL> alter database datafile 3 online;

Database altered.

04:09:28 SQL> alter database datafile 4 online;

Database altered.

04:09:30 SQL> alter database datafile 5 online;

Database altered.

04:09:32 SQL> alter database datafile 6 online;

Database altered.

04:09:34 SQL> alter database datafile 7 online;

Database altered.

04:09:36 SQL> alter database datafile 9 online;

Database altered.

04:09:40 SQL> alter database datafile 14 online;

Database altered.

04:09:42 SQL> select name ,file# ,status from v$datafile

04:09:47   2  ;

NAME                                                    FILE# STATUS

-------------------------------------------------- ---------- -------

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test2/system01.dbf                  1 SYSTEM

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test2/rtbs01.dbf                    2 ONLINE

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test2/sysaux01.dbf                  3 ONLINE

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test2/users01.dbf                   4 ONLINE

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test2/lob_16k01.dbf                 5 ONLINE

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test2/lxtbs01.dbf                   6 ONLINE

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test2/lxtbs2.dbf                    7 ONLINE

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test2/undotbs1.dbf                  9 ONLINE

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test2/indx01.dbf                   14 ONLINE

9 rows selected.

11、在备库上做基于时间点的database recover（时间点就是truncate时的时间点，可以用logmnr找出）

04:09:48 SQL> recover database until time '2011-10-27 04:01:50' using backup controlfile;

ORA-00279: change 1354493 generated at 10/27/2011 04:00:23 needed for thread 1

ORA-00289: suggestion : /disk4/arch/test/arch_1_9_765501215.log

ORA-00280: change 1354493 for thread 1 is in sequence #9

04:10:30 Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}

auto

Log applied.

Media recovery complete.

12、open database 查看恢复

04:10:37 SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

Database altered.

04:10:58 SQL> select * from scott.lxtb2;

ID

----------

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

10

11

10 rows selected.

04:11:30 SQL>

---------------------恢复成功

13、将恢复后的表空间导出（lxtbs2 tablespace）

[oracle@work data]$ exp userid=\'sys/oracle as sydba\' point_in_time_recover=y tablespaces=lxtbs2 file=lxtbs2.dmp

Export: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Oct 27 04:15:34 2011

Copyright （c） 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

EXP-00004: invalid username or password

Username: sys as sysdba

Password:

Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

Export done in US7ASCII character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

server uses ZHS16GBK character set （possible charset conversion）

Note: table data （rows） will not be exported

About to export Tablespace Point-in-time Recovery objects…

For tablespace LXTBS2 …

. exporting cluster definitions

. exporting table definitions

. . exporting table                          LXTB2

EXP-00091: Exporting questionable statistics.

. exporting referential integrity constraints

. exporting triggers

. end point-in-time recovery

Export terminated successfully with warnings.

[oracle@work data]$

14、将表空间导入到主库

----------将主库表空间脱机  test （主库）

04:13:45 SQL> alter tablespace lxtbs2 offline;

Tablespace altered.

--------拷贝备库表空间datafile 到主库目录下

[oracle@work data]$ cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test2/lxtbs2.dbf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test

[oracle@work data]$ export ORACLE_SID=test

-------------导入到主库

[oracle@work data]$ imp userid=\'sys/oracle as sysdba\' point_in_time_recover=y  file=lxtbs2.dmp ignore=y

Import: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Oct 27 04:38:29 2011

Copyright （c） 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

Export file created by EXPORT:V10.02.01 via conventional path

About to import Tablespace Point-in-time Recovery objects…

import done in US7ASCII character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

import server uses ZHS16GBK character set （possible charset conversion）

. importing SYS's objects into SYS

. importing SCOTT's objects into SCOTT

. . importing table                        "LXTB2"

. importing SYS's objects into SYS

Import terminated successfully without warnings

15、验证

04:30:39 SQL> alter tablespace lxtbs2 online;

Tablespace altered.

04:38:51 SQL> select * from scott.lxtb2;

ID

----------

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

10

11

10 rows selected.

-----------数据文件恢复到truncate 之前

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