Oracle partition表分区与分区索引

介绍：

对于10gR2 而言，基本上可以分成几类：

Range(范围)分区

Hash(哈希)分区

List(列表)分区

以及组合分区：Range-Hash,Range-List。

准备环境：

--1、建三个表空间

SQL> create tablespace par01 datafile 'e:\oracle\test\par01.dbf' size 10m ;

SQL> create tablespace par02 datafile 'e:\oracle\test\par02.dbf' size 10m ;

SQL> create tablespace par03 datafile 'e:\oracle\test\par03.dbf' size 10m ;

--2、并加上权限

alter user fmismain quota unlimited on par01;

alter user fmismain quota unlimited on par02;

alter user fmismain quota unlimited on par03;

--3、创建一张分区表于三个表空间中（rang分区）：

create table P_TABLE_PAR

(

 GID      NUMBER(10) not null,

 IID      NUMBER(10),

 FLID     NUMBER(10),

 PZXMNAME VARCHAR2(20),

 DYLX     NUMBER(10),

 DYXM     VARCHAR2(100),

 AMENDBZ  NUMBER(10) default 0

)

partition by range(GID)

(

partition par_01 values less than(50000) tablespace par01,

partition par_02 values less than(100000) tablespace par02,

partition par_03 values less than(maxvalue) tablespace par03

);

---或者直接创建有数据的表分区

create table P_TABLE_PAR(GID,IID,FLID,PZXMNAME,DYLX,DYXM,AMENDBZ)

partition by range(GID)

(

partition par_01 values less than(50000) tablespace par01,

partition par_02 values less than(100000) tablespace par02,

partition par_03 values less than(maxvalue) tablespace par03

)

as

Select GID,IID,FLID,PZXMNAME,DYLX,DYXM,AMENDBZ from P_TABLE_2;

----创建一个local索引rang分区

create index idx_local_p_gid on p_table_par(GID) local;

或者自定义

不过呢分区名称，以及分区所在表空间等信息是可以自定义的，例如：

SQL> create index IDX_PART_RANGE_ID ON T_PARTITION_RANGE(id) local (

2 partition i_range_p1 tablespace tbspart01,

3 partition i_range_p2 tablespace tbspart01,

4 partition i_range_p3 tablespace tbspart02,

5 partition i_range_pmax tablespace tbspart02

6 );

----创建一个global索引rang分区

create index idx_p_global_gid on P_TABLE_PAR(gid)

global partition by range(gid)(

partition i_range_par_01 values less than (50000) tablespace par01,

partition i_range_par_02 values less than (100000) tablespace par02,

partition i_range_par_03 values less than (maxvalue) tablespace par03

);

--4、查询

select table_name,partitioning_type,partition_count From user_part_tables;

select partition_name,high_value,tablespace_name from user_tab_partitions order by  partition_position;

select index_name, partitioning_type, partition_count from user_part_indexes

user_part_tables：记录分区的表的信息;

user_tab_partitions：记录表的分区的信息

user_part_indexes：查询用户索引信息。

--5、hash分区

create table P_TABLE_PAR(GID,IID,FLID,PZXMNAME,DYLX,DYXM,AMENDBZ)

partition by hash(GID)

(

partition par_01  tablespace par01,

partition par_02  tablespace par02,

partition par_03  tablespace par03

)

as

Select GID,IID,FLID,PZXMNAME,DYLX,DYXM,AMENDBZ from P_TABLE_2;

或者用下面相同的语句实现相同的效果

create table P_TABLE_PAR(GID,IID,FLID,PZXMNAME,DYLX,DYXM,AMENDBZ)

partition by hash(gid)

partitions 3 store in(par01,par02,par03)

as

Select GID,IID,FLID,PZXMNAME,DYLX,DYXM,AMENDBZ from P_TABLE_2;

--创建一个global索引hash分区

create index idx_part_hash_gid on p_table_par(gid)

global partition by hash(gid)

partitions 3 store in(par01,par02,par03);

----创建一个local索引rang分区

与range相同

--5、list分区

create table P_TABLE_PAR(GID,IID,FLID,PZXMNAME,DYLX,DYXM,AMENDBZ)

partition by list(GID)

(

partition par_01 values (1,2) tablespace par01,

partition par_02 values (3,4) tablespace par02,

partition par_03 values(default) tablespace par03

)

as

Select GID,IID,FLID,PZXMNAME,DYLX,DYXM,AMENDBZ from P_TABLE_2;

--6、创建range-hash组合分区

--为所有分区各创建3个hash子分区

create table P_TABLE_PAR(GID,IID,FLID,PZXMNAME,DYLX,DYXM,AMENDBZ)

partition by range(GID) subpartition by hash(PZXMNAME)

subpartitions 3 store in(par01,par02,par03)

(

partition par_01 values less than(50000) tablespace par01,

partition par_02 values less than(100000) tablespace par02,

partition par_03 values less than(maxvalue) tablespace par03

)

as

Select GID,IID,FLID,PZXMNAME,DYLX,DYXM,AMENDBZ from P_TABLE_2;

---查询：

此处学到的一个查询子分区的字典表：user_tab_subpartitions

select partitioning_type,subpartitioning_type,partition_count,def_subpartition_count From user_part_tables where table_name='P_TABLE_PAR';

结果如下：

PARTITIONING_TYPE SUBPARTITIONING_TYPE PARTITION_COUNT DEF_SUBPARTITION_COUNT

1 RANGE HASH 3 3

select partition_name,subpartition_count,high_value from user_tab_partitions where table_name='P_TABLE_PAR';

结果如下：

   PARTITION_NAME SUBPARTITION_COUNT HIGH_VALUE

1 PAR_01 3 50000

2 PAR_02 3 100000

3 PAR_03 3 MAXVALUE

select partition_name,subpartition_name,tablespace_name from user_tab_subpartitions where table_name='P_TABLE_PAR';

结果如下：

   PARTITION_NAME SUBPARTITION_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME

1 PAR_01 SYS_SUBP32 PAR01

2 PAR_01 SYS_SUBP31 PAR01

3 PAR_01 SYS_SUBP30 PAR01

4 PAR_02 SYS_SUBP35 PAR02

5 PAR_02 SYS_SUBP34 PAR02

6 PAR_02 SYS_SUBP33 PAR02

7 PAR_03 SYS_SUBP38 PAR03

8 PAR_03 SYS_SUBP37 PAR03

9 PAR_03 SYS_SUBP36 PAR03

--跨分区查询

select sum(*) from

(select count(*) from P_TABLE_PAR PARTITION (PAR_01)

union all

select count(*) from P_TABLE_PAR PARTITION (PAR_02)

);

--子分区数据查询

SQL> select count(*) from p_table_par subpartition(par_01_h1);

 COUNT(*)

----------

    11876

---对某个分区创建hash子分区

create table P_TABLE_PAR(GID,IID,FLID,PZXMNAME,DYLX,DYXM,AMENDBZ)

partition by range(GID) subpartition by hash(PZXMNAME)

(

partition par_01 values less than(50000) tablespace par01,

partition par_02 values less than(100000) tablespace par02,

partition par_03 values less than(maxvalue) tablespace par03

(subpartition par_03_h1 tablespace par01,

subpartition par_03_h2 tablespace par02,

subpartition par_03_h3 tablespace par03)

)

as

Select GID,IID,FLID,PZXMNAME,DYLX,DYXM,AMENDBZ from P_TABLE_2;

--给各个分区指定不同的子分区

create table P_TABLE_PAR(GID,IID,FLID,PZXMNAME,DYLX,DYXM,AMENDBZ)

partition by range(GID) subpartition by hash(PZXMNAME)

(

partition par_01 values less than(50000) tablespace par01

(subpartition par_01_h1 tablespace par01,

subpartition par_01_h2 tablespace par02,

subpartition par_01_h3 tablespace par03),

partition par_02 values less than(100000) tablespace par02

(subpartition par_02_h1 tablespace par01,

subpartition par_02_h2 tablespace par02,

subpartition par_02_h3 tablespace par03),

partition par_03 values less than(maxvalue) tablespace par03

(subpartition par_03_h1 tablespace par01,

subpartition par_03_h2 tablespace par02,

subpartition par_03_h3 tablespace par03)

)

as

Select GID,IID,FLID,PZXMNAME,DYLX,DYXM,AMENDBZ from P_TABLE_2;

---分区模板的应用(template)

oracle 还提供了一种称为分区模板的功能，在指定子分区信赖列之后，制订子分区的存储模板，各个

分区即会按照子分区模式创建子分区

create table P_TABLE_PAR(GID,IID,FLID,PZXMNAME,DYLX,DYXM,AMENDBZ)

partition by range(GID) subpartition by hash(PZXMNAME)

subpartition template

(subpartition h1 tablespace par01,

subpartition h2 tablespace par02,

subpartition h3 tablespace par03)

(

partition par_01 values less than(50000) tablespace par01,

partition par_02 values less than(100000) tablespace par02,

partition par_03 values less than(maxvalue) tablespace par03

)

as

Select GID,IID,FLID,PZXMNAME,DYLX,DYXM,AMENDBZ from P_TABLE_2;

---7、创建range-list组合分区

--创建分区为range，子分区为list

create table P_TABLE_PAR(GID,IID,FLID,PZXMNAME,DYLX,DYXM,AMENDBZ)

partition by range(GID) subpartition by list(flid)

subpartition template

(subpartition l1 values('1') tablespace par01,

subpartition l2 values('2') tablespace par02,

subpartition l3 values(default) tablespace par03)

(

partition par_01 values less than(50000) tablespace par01,

partition par_02 values less than(100000) tablespace par02,

partition par_03 values less than(maxvalue) tablespace par03

)

as

Select GID,IID,FLID,PZXMNAME,DYLX,DYXM,AMENDBZ from P_TABLE_2;

或者：

create table P_TABLE_PAR(GID,IID,FLID,PZXMNAME,DYLX,DYXM,AMENDBZ)

partition by range(GID) subpartition by list(flid)

subpartition template

(subpartition l1 values('1') tablespace par01,

subpartition l2 values('2') tablespace par02,

subpartition l3 values('3') tablespace par03)

(

partition par_01 values less than(50000) tablespace par01,

partition par_02 values less than(100000) tablespace par02,

partition par_03 values less than(maxvalue) tablespace par03

)

as

Select GID,IID,FLID,PZXMNAME,DYLX,DYXM,AMENDBZ from P_TABLE_2;

---８、关于复合分区索引的创建与查询

create index idx_p_table_gid on p_table_par(gid) local;

select table_name,partitioning_type,partition_count,def_subpartition_count from user_part_indexes　where index_name = 'IDX_P_TABLE_GID';

select partition_name, subpartition_count, high_value　from user_ind_partitions where index_name = 'IDX_P_TABLE_GID';

select partition_name, subpartition_name, high_value, tablespace_name from user_ind_subpartitions where index_name = 'IDX_P_TABLE_GID';

结果如下：

PARTITION_NAME    SUBPARTITION_NAME              HIGH_VALUE TABLESPACE_NAME

------------------------------ ------------------------------ ---------- ------------------------------

PAR_01                         PAR_01_L1                      '1'        PAR01

PAR_01                         PAR_01_L2                      '2'        PAR01

PAR_01                         PAR_01_L3                      default    PAR01

PAR_02                         PAR_02_L1                      '1'        PAR02

PAR_02                         PAR_02_L2                      '2'        PAR02

PAR_02                         PAR_02_L3                      default    PAR02

PAR_03                         PAR_03_L1                      '1'        PAR03

PAR_03                         PAR_03_L2                      '2'        PAR03

PAR_03                         PAR_03_L3                      default    PAR03

已选择9行。

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