Oracle Eneterprise Linux 5.8上安装Database 12c

下面不过多介绍，请阅读OEL6上安装Oracle 12c。

1、系统信息：

[root@12c ~]# uname -a
Linux 12c.luocs.com 2.6.32-300.10.1.el5uek #1 SMP Wed Feb 22 17:37:40 EST 2012 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

[root@12c ~]# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
MemTotal:        3273192 kB

[root@12c ~]# grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo
SwapTotal:       8285752 kB

[root@12c ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3              36G  3.8G   31G  12% /
/dev/sda1              99M   22M   72M  24% /boot
tmpfs                 1.6G     0  1.6G   0% /dev/shm
/dev/sdb1             5.0G  5.0G     0 100% /usr/swap

这里简单说明下，我安装的OEL5 SWAP空间仍然不够大，因此我就扩展了下，扩展方法：
我在虚拟机新增一块儿5G的disk，启动后fdisk分区了下：

[root@12c ~]# fdisk -l


Disk /dev/sda: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1          13      104391   83  Linux
/dev/sda2              14         421     3277260   82  Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda3             422        5221    38556000   83  Linux

Disk /dev/sdb: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1               1         652     5237158+  83  Linux

ext3格式化：

[root@12c ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
655360 inodes, 1309289 blocks
65464 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=1342177280
40 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
16384 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736

Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 31 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

创建一个目录，准备将此文件系统挂载：

[root@12c ~]# mkdir /usr/swap
[root@12c ~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /usr/swap

在/usr/swap下dd出5GB的空间

[root@12c ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/usr/swap/swapdisk bs=10240Kcount=500
dd: writing `/usr/swap/swapdisk': No space left on device
490+0 records in
489+0 records out
5128712192 bytes (5.1 GB) copied, 33.1548 seconds, 155 MB/s

创建新交换分区空间

[root@12c ~]# mkswap /usr/swap/swapdisk
Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 5128708 kB

查看原先的分区空间

[root@12c ~]# free -m
             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
Mem:          3196       2778        417          0         20       2502
-/+ buffers/cache:        255       2941
Swap:         3200          0       3200

启动新增加的swaptest的交换空间

[root@12c ~]# swapon /usr/swap/swapdisk

查看增加后的交换空间

[root@12c ~]# free -m
             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
Mem:          3196       3146         49          0          8       2885
-/+ buffers/cache:        252       2944
Swap:         8091          0       8091

将新增加交换分区空间添加进开机启动

[root@12c ~]# vi /etc/fstab
�C 添加一行
/dev/sdb1               /usr/swap               ext3    defaults        0 0
/usr/swap/swapdisk      swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

最后reboot重启验证

安装rlwrap

[root@12c ~]# rpm -ivh /install/rlwrap-0.37-1.el5.x86_64.rpm
warning: /install/rlwrap-0.37-1.el5.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 217521f6
Preparing…                ########################################### [100%]
   1:rlwrap                 ########################################### [100%]

修改/etc/hosts

[root@12c ~]# vi /etc/hosts
# Do not remove the following line, or various programs
# that require network functionality will fail.
127.0.0.1               localhost.localdomain localhost
::1             localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6
192.168.80.139  12c.luocs.com   12c

配置yum源，这里我参考了http://public-yum.oracle.com，其中有如下内容：
Getting Started
1. Download and Install Oracle Linux
2. Download and copy the appropriate yum configuration file in place, by running the following commands as root:
Oracle Linux 4, Update 6 or Newer
# cd /etc/yum.repos.d
# mv Oracle-Base.repo Oracle-Base.repo.disabled
# wget http://public-yum.oracle.com/public-yum-el4.repo

Oracle Linux 5
# cd /etc/yum.repos.d
# wget http://public-yum.oracle.com/public-yum-el5.repo

Oracle Linux 6
# cd /etc/yum.repos.d
# wget http://public-yum.oracle.com/public-yum-ol6.repo

Oracle VM 2
# cd /etc/yum.repos.d
# wget http://public-yum.oracle.com/public-yum-ovm2.repo
3. Enable the appropriate repository by editing the yum configuration file
 ○ Open the yum configuration file in a text editor
 ○ Locate the section in the file for the repository you plan to update from, e.g. [el4_u6_base]
 ○ Change enabled=0 to enabled=1
4. Begin using yum, for example:
yum list
yum install firefox
You may be prompted to confirm the import of the Oracle OSS Group GPG key.

首先下载linux 5 对应的yum配置文件

[root@12c ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@12c yum.repos.d]# wget http://public-yum.oracle.com/public-yum-el5.repo
�C2013-06-27 10:16:02�C  http://public-yum.oracle.com/public-yum-el5.repo
Resolving public-yum.oracle.com… 137.254.56.43
Connecting to public-yum.oracle.com|137.254.56.43|:80… connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response… 200 OK
Length: 4220 (4.1K) [text/plain]
Saving to: `public-yum-el5.repo'

100%[===============================================================================>] 4,220       11.8K/s   in 0.4s

2013-06-27 10:16:03 (11.8 KB/s) �C `public-yum-el5.repo' saved [4220/4220]

配置文件中将enable全部启动，0改为1。

安装oracle-validated

[root@12c yum.repos.d]# yum install oracle-validated -y

安装完成之后，基本的预安装条件都已经满足了

[root@12c ~]# id oracle
uid=54321(oracle) gid=54321(oinstall) groups=54321(oinstall),54322(dba)

创建安装目录并授权

[root@12c ~]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1
[root@12c ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01
[root@12c ~]# chmod -R 775 /u01

配置环境变量

[oracle@12c ~]$ vi .bash_profile
export PATH
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=12c.luocs.com
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=luocs12c
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1
export ORACLE_SID=luocs12c
export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

alias sqlplus="rlwrap sqlplus"
alias rman="rlwrap rman"

解压介质

[root@12c ~]# chown -R oracle.oinstall /install/
[root@12c ~]# su �C oracle
[oracle@12c ~]$ cd /install/
[oracle@12c install]$ unzip linuxamd64_12c_database_1of2.zip
[oracle@12c install]$ unzip linuxamd64_12c_database_2of2.zip

这里我先仅安装数据库软件，然后netca配置了监听器，略

dbca建库，参考图为主

这里稍作解释，我勾选了Create As Container Database，然后选择了Create a Container Database with one or more PDBs，数量为2个，PDB Name为luocs,到时候就以luocs1、luocs2形式出现。当然，我们也可以在后续手动方式创建或者克隆出PDBs

这里出现网络配置页面，可能在没有提前配置监听的情况下在这里进行配置，这个我没有尝试过

这里备份出脚本来，供手动建库参考

最后简单查看，发现CDB，PDB数据库都有自己的system、sysaux、default tablespace、temp是独立的，但undo、control、redo是共享的

SQL> set line 150 pages 9999
SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
―――――――――――――――――――――――――――――�C
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/luocs12c/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/luocs12c/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/luocs12c/undotbs01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/luocs12c/pdbseed/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/luocs12c/users01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/luocs12c/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/luocs12c/luocs1/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/luocs12c/luocs1/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/luocs12c/luocs1/luocs1_users01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/luocs12c/luocs2/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/luocs12c/luocs2/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/luocs12c/luocs2/luocs2_users01.dbf

12 rows selected.

sys@LUOCS12C> select name from v$tempfile;

NAME
―――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――-
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/luocs12c/temp01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/luocs12c/pdbseed/pdbseed_temp01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/luocs12c/luocs1/temp01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/luocs12c/luocs2/temp01.dbf

sys@LUOCS12C> select member from v$logfile;

MEMBER
―――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――-
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/luocs12c/redo03.log
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/luocs12c/redo02.log
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/luocs12c/redo01.log

sys@LUOCS12C> select name from v$controlfile;

NAME
―――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――-
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/luocs12c/control01.ctl
/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/luocs12c/control02.ctl

如下方式查看两个pdbs目前没有open

sys@LUOCS12C> select DBID, NAME, OPEN_MODE, CREATE_SCN from v$pdbs;


      DBID NAME                           OPEN_MODE  CREATE_SCN
―――- ―――――――――― ―――- ―――-
4061811736 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY     1720764
1340482989 LUOCS1                         MOUNTED       1915011
 770810334 LUOCS2                         MOUNTED       1915984

先到这里。

原文链接：http://www.luocs.com/archives/800.html