Expect
Expect is atool for automating interactive applications such as telnet, ftp, passwd, fsck,rlogin, tip, etc. Expect really makes this stuff trivial. Expect is also usefulfor testing these same applications. And by adding Tk, you can wrap interactiveapplications in X11 GUIs.
Expect canmake easy all sorts of tasks that are prohibitively difficult with anythingelse. You will find that Expect is an absolutely invaluable tool - using it,you will be able to automate tasks that you've never even thought of before -and you'll be able to do this automation quickly and easily.
[root@SRV1~]#yum install tcl -y
[root@SRV1~]# yum install expect -y
[root@SRV1 ~]# cat expect.exp
#Author:RELEARN
#Date:2013-08-02
#!/usr/bin/expect-f
setipaddr [lindex $argv 0]
setpasswd [lindex $argv 1]
settimeout 30
spawnssh root@$ipaddr
expect{
"yes/no" {
send "yes\r";exp_continue
} "password:" {
send "$passwd\r"
} "Permission denied, please tryagain." {
exit
} "Connection refused" {
exit
} timeout {
exit
}
}
expect"]#"
send"/sbin/service crond stop\r"
expect"]#"
send"echo 'server' |passwd --stdin root\r"
expect"]#"
send"/usr/sbin/useradd RELEARN\r"
expect"]#"
send"/usr/bin/passwd RELEARN\r"
expect{
"New password:" {
send "srv6@1\r";exp_continue
} "New UNIX password:" {
send "srv6@1\r";exp_continue
} "Retype new password:" {
send "srv6@1\r"
} "Retype new UNIX password:"{
send "srv6@1\r"
}
}
send"exit\r"
expecteof
exit
编写循环SHELL脚本
[root@SRV1 ~]# cat set.sh
passwd=server
fori in `cat iplist.txt`
do
expect expect.exp $i $passwd
done
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
eg:
#!/usr/bin/expect-f
#setipaddr 192.168.0.148 #setpasswd server #setname root #settimeout 10
setipaddr [lindex $argv 0] setpasswd [lindex $argv 1] setname root settimeout 10
spawnssh $name@$ipaddr expect{ "*yes/no" { send"yes\r"; exp_continue } "*assword:" { send"$passwd\r" } } expect"#*" send"ifconfig\r" expect"#*" send"exit\r" expecteof #interact _________________________________________ 注： interact (执行完后保持交互状态，把控制权交给控制台，此时可以手动操作了) exp_continue (继续执行下面的匹配) |
Shell与Expect程序结合：
#!/bin/bash foripaddr in 192.168.0.148 192.168.0.129 do /usr/bin/expect << YONG set timeout 10 spawn ssh root@$ipaddr expect { "*yes/no" { send"yes\r"; exp_continue } "*assword:" { send"server\r" } } expect "*#" send "ifconfig\r" expect "*#" send "exit\r" expect eof YONG done |
#!/bin/bash #批量修改主机密码 fori in {1..254} do ip=192.168.0.$i /usr/bin/expect << YONG spawn ssh root@$ip expect { "*yes/no" { send"yes\r"; exp_continue } "*assword" {send"server\r"} } expect "#" send "passwd\r"
expect "New password:" send "srvww123689@#\r"
expect "Retype new password:" send "srvww123689@#\r" send "exit\r" expect eof
YONG Done |
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