oracle procedure
数据字典：
用来查看有名块的源代码
select * from user_source;
用来查看编译错误信息：
show err
procedure：
完成某个特
定功能的一段pl/sql代码，并且被赋予一个名字；
保存对象信息在数据字典当中，可以重复调用；
练习 1:导入型形式参数（in类型）
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE raise_salary
(p_id IN emp.empno%TYPE)
IS
--变量声明
BEGIN
UPDATE emp SET sal = sal * 1.1
WHERE empno = p_id;
END raise_salary;
/
create or replace PROCEDURE raise_sal(v_id in employees.employee_id%type)
is
begin
update employees set salary=salary*1.1 where employee_id=v_id;
commit;
end;
/
--存储过程的调用:
EXECUTE raise_salary (7839);
HR@prod> exec raise_sal(200);
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
declare
v_empno emp.empno%type :=&p_empno;
begin
RAISE_SALARY(v_empno);
end;
/
HR@prod> declare
2 v_eid number := &id;
3 begin
4 raise_sal(v_eid);
5 end;
6 /
Enter value for id: 101
old 2: v_eid number := &id;
new 2: v_eid number := 101;
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL>SHOW ERROR --查看编译错误;
练习 2:导出型形式参数（out类型）
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE query_emp
(p_id IN emp.empno%TYPE,
p_name OUT emp.ename%TYPE,
p_salary OUT emp.sal%TYPE,
p_comm OUT emp.comm%TYPE)
IS
BEGIN
SELECT ename, sal, comm
INTO p_name, p_salary, p_comm
FROM emp
WHERE empno = p_id;
END query_emp;
/
VARIABLE g_name VARCHAR2(25)
VARIABLE g_sal NUMBER
VARIABLE g_comm NUMBER
EXECUTE query_emp(7369, :g_name, :g_sal, :g_comm);
PRINT
declare
v_empno emp.empno%type:=7499;
v_sal emp.sal%type;
v_ename emp.ename%type;
v_comm emp.comm%type;
begin
query_emp(v_empno,v_ename,v_sal,v_comm);
dbms_output.put_line(v_ename||' '||v_sal||' '||v_comm);
end;
/
--根据员工id，返回员工姓名和工资
create or replace procedure query_emp
(v_eno in employees.employee_id%type,
o_name out employees.last_name%type,
o_sal out employees.salary%type)
is
begin
select last_name,salary into o_name, o_sal
from employees
where employee_id=v_eno;
end query_emp;
/
HR@prod> variable g_name varchar2(50);
HR@prod> variable g_sal number;
HR@prod> exec query_emp(100,:g_name,:g_sal);
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
HR@prod> print g_name;
G_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
King
HR@prod> print g_sal;
G_SAL
----------
26400
练习 3:导入/导出型形式参数（in/out类型）
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE format_phone
(p_phone_no IN OUT VARCHAR2)
IS
BEGIN
p_phone_no := '(' || SUBSTR(p_phone_no,1,3) ||
')' || SUBSTR(p_phone_no,4,3) ||
'-' || SUBSTR(p_phone_no,7);
END format_phone;
/
VARIABLE g_phone_no VARCHAR2(15)
BEGIN
:g_phone_no:='8006330575';
END;
/
PRINT g_phone_no
EXECUTE format_phone (:g_phone_no)
PRINT g_phone_no
create or replace procedure phone_format
(phone_no in out VARCHAR2)
is
begin
-- 02431500816
-- (024)-3150-0816
phone_no := '('||substr(phone_no,1,3)||')'||
'-'||substr(phone_no,4,4)||
'-'||substr(phone_no,8,4);
end;
/
HR@prod> variable g_phone_no varchar2(15);
HR@prod> begin
2 :g_phone_no := '02431500816';
3 end;
4 /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
HR@prod> print g_phone_no;
G_PHONE_NO
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
02431500816
HR@prod> exec phone_format(:g_phone_no);
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
HR@prod> print g_phone_no;
G_PHONE_NO
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(024)-3150-0816
练习 4:带有default值的参数
create sequence departments_seq start with 50;
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE add_dept
(p_name IN dept.dname%TYPE DEFAULT 'unknown',
p_loc IN dept.loc%TYPE DEFAULT 'BJ')
IS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO dept(deptno,
dname, loc)
VALUES (departments_seq.NEXTVAL, p_name, p_loc);
END add_dept;
/
BEGIN
add_dept;
add_dept ('TRAINING', 'SH');
END;
/
练习 5:校验数据存在否（save 该过程为valid_deptno.sql，后面要用到）
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE valid_deptno
(v_deptno IN d.deptno%TYPE,V_RETURN OUT BOOLEAN)
IS
v_dummy CHAR(1);
BEGIN
SELECT 'x'
INTO v_dummy
FROM d
WHERE deptno = v_deptno;
IF SQL%FOUND THEN
V_RETURN:=TRUE;
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
V_RETURN:=FALSE;
END valid_deptno;
/
DECLARE
V_FLAG BOOLEAN;
BEGIN
valid_deptno(90,V_FLAG);
if v_flag then
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('The department exist!');
else
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('The department not exist!');
end if;
END;
/
**********************
HR@orcl11g> create table d as select * from departments;
Table created.
create or replace procedure valid_did
(v_did hr.d.department_id%type,
v_bool out boolean)
is
v_var char(1);
begin
select 'x' into v_var from hr.d
where department_id=v_did;
if sql%found then
v_bool := true;
end if;
exception
when no_data_found then
v_bool :=false;
end;
/
declare
v_flag boolean;
begin
valid_did(100,v_flag);
if v_flag then
dbms_output.put_line('the department exist.');
else
dbms_output.put_line('not exist.');
end if;
end;
/
练习 6:创建增加雇员的过程（save 该过程为new_emp.sql，后面要用到）
create sequence seq_empno start with 8000;
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE new_emp
(v_ename emp.ename%TYPE,
v_job emp.job%TYPE DEFAULT 'SALESMAN',
v_mgr emp.mgr%TYPE DEFAULT 7839,
v_sal emp.sal%TYPE DEFAULT 1000,
v_comm emp.comm%TYPE DEFAULT 0,
v_deptno emp.deptno%TYPE DEFAULT 30)
IS
V_FLAG BOOLEAN;
BEGIN
valid_deptno(v_deptno,V_FLAG);
IF V_FLAG THEN
INSERT INTO emp
VALUES (seq_empno.NEXTVAL, v_ename, v_job, v_mgr,
TRUNC (SYSDATE, 'DD'), v_sal, v_comm, v_deptno);
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Invalid Deptno ,try again!');
END IF;
END new_emp;
/
练习 7:分页查询
create or replace procedure TABLEPAGE_SELECT
(v_page_size number,v_current_page number)
as
cursor c(v_page_size number,v_current_page number) is SELECT *
FROM (select rownum rn,emp.*
FROM emp WHERE rownum <= v_page_size*v_current_page)
WHERE rn >= (v_page_size*v_current_page-(v_page_size-1));
begin
dbms_output.put_line('pagesize : '||v_page_size||' rows');
dbms_output.put_line('current page : '||v_current_page||' page');
for r in c(v_page_size,v_current_page) loop
dbms_output.put_line('employee name : '||r.ename||' employee''s salary : '||r.sal);
end loop;
end;
/
exec TABLEPAGE_SELECT(5,2);
***************************************************8
create or replace procedure page_disp
(v_page_size number,v_current_page number)
is
cursor c
is
select * from
(select rownum rn,e.* from employees e
where rownum <= v_page_size*v_current_page)
where rn >= v_page_size*v_current_page-v_page_size+1;
begin
dbms_output.put_line('current_page_size:'|| v_page_size);
dbms_output.put_line('current_page is: '||v_current_page);
for e in c loop
dbms_output.put_line(e.rn||':'||e.employee_id||':'||e.last_name);
end loop;
end;
exec page_disp(5,3);
************************************
create or replace procedure page_select
(v_page_size number,v_current_page number)
is
cursor c1(v_page_size number,v_current_page number)
is
select * from ( select rownum rn,employees.* from employees
where rownum <= v_page_size* v_current_page)
where rn >=(v_page_size* v_current_page - v_page_size +1);
begin
dbms_output.put_line('PageSize: '|| v_page_size||' rows');
dbms_output.put_line('CurrentPage: '|| v_current_page|| ' page');
for emp_info in c1(v_page_size, v_current_page) loop
dbms_output.put_line('Name: '||emp_info.last_name ||' -- '|| 'Salary: '|| emp_info.salary);
end loop;
end;
set serveroutput on
exec page_select(10,3);
练习 8:本地动态SQL语句(execute immediate)
create or replace procedure proc_test
(
table_name in varchar2, --表名 varchar2(10) shi cuo de
field1 in varchar2, --字段名
datatype1 in varchar2, --字段类型
field2 in varchar2, --字段名
datatype2 in varchar2 --字段类型
) as
str_sql varchar2(500);
begin
str_sql:='create table '||table_name||'('||field1||' '||datatype1||','||field2||' '||datatype2||')';
execute immediate str_sql; --动态执行DDL语句
exception
when others then
null;
end ;
/
SQL> execute proc_test('dinya_test','id','number(8) not null','name','varchar2(100)');
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed
SQL> desc dinya_test;
Name Type Nullable Default Comments
---- ------------- -------- ------- --------
ID NUMBER(8)
NAME VARCHAR2(100) Y
##要给hr用户单独授予create table 权限：
sys> grant create table to hr;
create or replace procedure table_create
(table_name varchar2,
field1 varchar2,
dtype1 varchar2,
field2 varchar2,
dtype2 varchar2
)
is
sql_str varchar2(500);
begin
sql_str := 'create table '||table_name||'('||field1||' '||dtype1||','||field2||' '||dtype2||')';
-- dbms_output.put_line(sql_str);
execute immediate sql_str;
end;
drop table tt purge;
exec table_create('tt','id','number','name','varchar2(20)');
declare
v_sql VARCHAR2(1000);
begin
v_sql := 'create table hr.t1227(id number)';
dbms_output.put_line(v_sql);
execute immediate v_sql;
end;
.
查看过程的源代码:
select text from user_source where name='TABLEPAGE_SELECT';
为procedure加密:
oracle$wrap iname=1.sql
@1.plb
[oracle$db254~]cat p.sql
create or replace procedure query_emp
(v_eno in employees.employee_id%type,
o_name out employees.last_name%type,
o_sal out employees.salary%type)
is
begin
select last_name,salary into o_name, o_sal
from employees
where employee_id=v_eno;
end query_emp;
[oracle$db254 ~]wrap iname=p.sql
[oracle$db254 ~]ls p.sql p.plb
[oracle@db11g ~]$ file p.plb
ps.plb: ASCII text
[oracle@db11g ~]$ cat p.plb
create or replace procedure test_p wrapped
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1
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7
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Uf/v0f5sZZ5by4/ZHjt0V9oxYSIwg5nnm7+fMr2ywFwWoWLR9JaPm3SLwMAy/tKGCWlp57K4
UnRSXKXnJceBsmnnn7LM55/SUnQYoAJpg0A8ceI/0Tx0pnWm04g=
/
hr@orcl11g>@p.plb
HR@orcl11g> select text from user_source where name='TEST_P';
TEXT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
procedure test_p wrapped
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TEXT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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7
45 7d
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UnRSXKXnJceBsmnnn7LM55/SUnQYoAJpg0A8ceI/0Tx0pnWm04g=
存储过程的使用授权：
HR@prod> grant execute on hr.query_emp to scott;