用Eclipse开发Struts实例－GuestBook(2)
五、加入
commons-dbutils-1.1，便于对数据库进行操作
1
、下载地址
[url]http://commons.apache.org/downloads/download_dbutils.cgi[/url]
2
、下载页面
3、下载后解压，将类库文件加载到项目的buildPath中
六、加入对表单内容进行效验
1、在struts-config.xml文件中加入输入验证
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-config_1_3.dtd">
<struts-config>
<form-beans>
<form-bean name="inputForm"
type="org.apache.struts.validator.DynaValidatorForm">
<form-property name="title" type="java.lang.String" />
<form-property name="content" type="java.lang.String" />
<form-property name="url" type="java.lang.String" />
<form-property name="email" type="java.lang.String" />
<form-property name="name" type="java.lang.String" />
</form-bean>
</form-beans>
<global-exceptions />
<global-forwards />
<action-mappings>
<action attribute="inputForm" input="/form/input.jsp"
name="inputForm" path="/input" scope="request"
type="com.meixin.struts.action.InputAction" />
</action-mappings>
<message-resources
parameter="com.meixin.struts.ApplicationResources" />
<!-- 加入Struts的一个插件,对表单进行验证,这里只能手动添加 -->
<plug-in className="org.apache.struts.validator.ValidatorPlugIn">
<set-property property="pathnames"
value="/org/apache/struts/validator/validator-rules.xml,/WEB-INF/validations.xml" />
</plug-in>
</struts-config>
<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-config_1_3.dtd">
<struts-config>
<form-beans>
<form-bean name="inputForm"
type="org.apache.struts.validator.DynaValidatorForm">
<form-property name="title" type="java.lang.String" />
<form-property name="content" type="java.lang.String" />
<form-property name="url" type="java.lang.String" />
<form-property name="email" type="java.lang.String" />
<form-property name="name" type="java.lang.String" />
</form-bean>
</form-beans>
<global-exceptions />
<global-forwards />
<action-mappings>
<action attribute="inputForm" input="/form/input.jsp"
name="inputForm" path="/input" scope="request"
type="com.meixin.struts.action.InputAction" />
</action-mappings>
<message-resources
parameter="com.meixin.struts.ApplicationResources" />
<!-- 加入Struts的一个插件,对表单进行验证,这里只能手动添加 -->
<plug-in className="org.apache.struts.validator.ValidatorPlugIn">
<set-property property="pathnames"
value="/org/apache/struts/validator/validator-rules.xml,/WEB-INF/validations.xml" />
</plug-in>
</struts-config>
2
、建立
validations.xml
文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE form-validation PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Commons Validator Rules Configuration 1.1//EN"
"http://jakarta.apache.org/commons/dtds/validator_1_1.dtd">
<!-- 新建form验证 -->
<form-validation>
<formset>
<!-- form的名称 -->
<form name="inputForm">
<!-- 设定name是必需的，若没有输入，则输出msg中的信息 -->
<field property="name" depends="required">
<msg name="required" key="guestbook.inputForm.name" />
</field>
<field property="title" depends="required">
<msg name="required" key="guestbook.inputForm.title" />
</field>
<field property="content" depends="required">
<msg name="required" key="guestbook.inputForm.content" />
</field>
</form>
</formset>
</form-validation>
<!DOCTYPE form-validation PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Commons Validator Rules Configuration 1.1//EN"
"http://jakarta.apache.org/commons/dtds/validator_1_1.dtd">
<!-- 新建form验证 -->
<form-validation>
<formset>
<!-- form的名称 -->
<form name="inputForm">
<!-- 设定name是必需的，若没有输入，则输出msg中的信息 -->
<field property="name" depends="required">
<msg name="required" key="guestbook.inputForm.name" />
</field>
<field property="title" depends="required">
<msg name="required" key="guestbook.inputForm.title" />
</field>
<field property="content" depends="required">
<msg name="required" key="guestbook.inputForm.content" />
</field>
</form>
</formset>
</form-validation>
七、编辑
Action
文件，用于保存记录
1
、
input.jsp
文件
<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-bean" prefix="bean"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-html" prefix="html"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>JSP for DynaValidatorForm form</title>
</head>
<body>
<!-- 转到查看留言Action页面用此两种方法 -->
<a href="/guestbook2/read.do">查看留言</a>
<a href="<c:url value='/read.do' />">查看留言</a>
<html:form action="/input">
title : <html:text property="title"/><html:errors property="title"/><br/>
content : <html:textarea property="content"/><html:errors property="content"/><br/>
url : <html:text property="url"/><html:errors property="url"/><br/>
email : <html:text property="email"/><html:errors property="email"/><br/>
name : <html:text property="name"/><html:errors property="name"/><br/>
<html:submit/><html:cancel/>
</html:form>
</body>
</html>
<%@ taglib uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-bean" prefix="bean"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-html" prefix="html"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>JSP for DynaValidatorForm form</title>
</head>
<body>
<!-- 转到查看留言Action页面用此两种方法 -->
<a href="/guestbook2/read.do">查看留言</a>
<a href="<c:url value='/read.do' />">查看留言</a>
<html:form action="/input">
title : <html:text property="title"/><html:errors property="title"/><br/>
content : <html:textarea property="content"/><html:errors property="content"/><br/>
url : <html:text property="url"/><html:errors property="url"/><br/>
email : <html:text property="email"/><html:errors property="email"/><br/>
name : <html:text property="name"/><html:errors property="name"/><br/>
<html:submit/><html:cancel/>
</html:form>
</body>
</html>
2
、
InputAction
类
package com.meixin.struts.action;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.naming.Context;
import javax.naming.InitialContext;
import javax.naming.NamingException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner;
import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
import org.apache.struts.validator.DynaValidatorForm;
public class InputAction extends Action
{
public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
{
DynaValidatorForm inputForm = (DynaValidatorForm) form;
// 在guestbook中都是建立记录操作
String sql = "insert into guestbook(name,email,url,title,content,time) values(?,?,?,?,?,?)";
// 创建String数组，这里将所有表单中的数据都放入数组中
String[] params = { (String) inputForm.get("name"),
(String) inputForm.get("email"), (String) inputForm.get("url"),
(String) inputForm.get("title"),
(String) inputForm.get("content"),
new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh-mm-ss").format(new Date()) };
try
{
// 建立上下文对象，初始化
Context context = new InitialContext();
// 获取数据源，在Tomcat中的context.xml中设置的数据源名字要一样
DataSource ds = (DataSource) context
.lookup("java:/comp/env/jdbc/mssqlds");
// 获取数据库的连接
// ds.getConnection();
// 用QueryRunner封装数据源，这个类完成了许多数据库的操作
QueryRunner qr = new QueryRunner(ds);
// 执行SQL语句，传入？所对应的参数，这里传入数组
qr.update(sql, params);
}
catch (NamingException e)
{
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
catch (SQLException e)
{
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
//保存后自动转向到读取留言页面
return mapping.findForward("guestbook.read");
}
}
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.naming.Context;
import javax.naming.InitialContext;
import javax.naming.NamingException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner;
import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
import org.apache.struts.validator.DynaValidatorForm;
public class InputAction extends Action
{
public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
{
DynaValidatorForm inputForm = (DynaValidatorForm) form;
// 在guestbook中都是建立记录操作
String sql = "insert into guestbook(name,email,url,title,content,time) values(?,?,?,?,?,?)";
// 创建String数组，这里将所有表单中的数据都放入数组中
String[] params = { (String) inputForm.get("name"),
(String) inputForm.get("email"), (String) inputForm.get("url"),
(String) inputForm.get("title"),
(String) inputForm.get("content"),
new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh-mm-ss").format(new Date()) };
try
{
// 建立上下文对象，初始化
Context context = new InitialContext();
// 获取数据源，在Tomcat中的context.xml中设置的数据源名字要一样
DataSource ds = (DataSource) context
.lookup("java:/comp/env/jdbc/mssqlds");
// 获取数据库的连接
// ds.getConnection();
// 用QueryRunner封装数据源，这个类完成了许多数据库的操作
QueryRunner qr = new QueryRunner(ds);
// 执行SQL语句，传入？所对应的参数，这里传入数组
qr.update(sql, params);
}
catch (NamingException e)
{
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
catch (SQLException e)
{
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
//保存后自动转向到读取留言页面
return mapping.findForward("guestbook.read");
}
}
八、编写过滤器类文件，在
web.xml
文件中配置过滤器，解决中文乱码问题
1
、编写过滤器文件
package com.meixin.filter;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
//编写过滤器，需要实现javax.servlet.Filter接口
public class CharactorEncodingFilter implements Filter
{
public void destroy()
{
}
//在doFilter方法中处理
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,
FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException
{
//将所有request内的对象设置字符集为UTF-8
request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
//用chain的doFilter处理过滤
chain.doFilter(request, response);
}
public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException
{
}
}
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
//编写过滤器，需要实现javax.servlet.Filter接口
public class CharactorEncodingFilter implements Filter
{
public void destroy()
{
}
//在doFilter方法中处理
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,
FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException
{
//将所有request内的对象设置字符集为UTF-8
request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
//用chain的doFilter处理过滤
chain.doFilter(request, response);
}
public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException
{
}
}
2
、在
web.xml
文件中的配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" version="2.5"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee [url]http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd[/url]">
<!-- 在web.xml文件中增加对Filter的设置 -->
<filter>
<!-- filter的名称 -->
<filter-name>charactorEncoding</filter-name>
<!-- filter对应的类 -->
<filter-class>
com.meixin.filter.CharactorEncodingFilter
</filter-class>
</filter>
<!-- 设置过滤器调用的映射 -->
<filter-mapping>
<!-- filter的名称，和设置中的名称要一致 -->
<filter-name>charactorEncoding</filter-name>
<!-- 设置对当前的request,response请求都进行过滤 -->
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>
org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet
</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>config</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>debug</param-name>
<param-value>3</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>detail</param-name>
<param-value>3</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>0</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" version="2.5"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee [url]http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd[/url]">
<!-- 在web.xml文件中增加对Filter的设置 -->
<filter>
<!-- filter的名称 -->
<filter-name>charactorEncoding</filter-name>
<!-- filter对应的类 -->
<filter-class>
com.meixin.filter.CharactorEncodingFilter
</filter-class>
</filter>
<!-- 设置过滤器调用的映射 -->
<filter-mapping>
<!-- filter的名称，和设置中的名称要一致 -->
<filter-name>charactorEncoding</filter-name>
<!-- 设置对当前的request,response请求都进行过滤 -->
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>
org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet
</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>config</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>debug</param-name>
<param-value>3</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>detail</param-name>
<param-value>3</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>0</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
九、建立用于读取留言信息的
Action
，
Forward
和
JSP
页面，用于读取留言信息
1
、建立
Action
2、建立Forward
3、struts-config.xml文件如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-config_1_3.dtd">
<struts-config>
<form-beans>
<form-bean name="inputForm"
type="org.apache.struts.validator.DynaValidatorForm">
<form-property name="title" type="java.lang.String" />
<form-property name="content" type="java.lang.String" />
<form-property name="url" type="java.lang.String" />
<form-property name="email" type="java.lang.String" />
<form-property name="name" type="java.lang.String" />
</form-bean>
</form-beans>
<global-exceptions />
<global-forwards>
<forward name="guestbook.display" path="/form/display.jsp" />
</global-forwards>
<action-mappings>
<action attribute="inputForm" input="/form/input.jsp"
name="inputForm" path="/input" scope="request"
type="com.meixin.struts.action.InputAction" />
<action path="/read" type="com.meixin.struts.action.ReadAction" />
</action-mappings>
<message-resources
parameter="com.meixin.struts.ApplicationResources" />
<!-- 加入Struts的一个插件,对表单进行验证,这里只能手动添加 -->
<plug-in className="org.apache.struts.validator.ValidatorPlugIn">
<set-property property="pathnames"
value="/org/apache/struts/validator/validator-rules.xml,/WEB-INF/validations.xml" />
</plug-in>
</struts-config>
<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-config_1_3.dtd">
<struts-config>
<form-beans>
<form-bean name="inputForm"
type="org.apache.struts.validator.DynaValidatorForm">
<form-property name="title" type="java.lang.String" />
<form-property name="content" type="java.lang.String" />
<form-property name="url" type="java.lang.String" />
<form-property name="email" type="java.lang.String" />
<form-property name="name" type="java.lang.String" />
</form-bean>
</form-beans>
<global-exceptions />
<global-forwards>
<forward name="guestbook.display" path="/form/display.jsp" />
</global-forwards>
<action-mappings>
<action attribute="inputForm" input="/form/input.jsp"
name="inputForm" path="/input" scope="request"
type="com.meixin.struts.action.InputAction" />
<action path="/read" type="com.meixin.struts.action.ReadAction" />
</action-mappings>
<message-resources
parameter="com.meixin.struts.ApplicationResources" />
<!-- 加入Struts的一个插件,对表单进行验证,这里只能手动添加 -->
<plug-in className="org.apache.struts.validator.ValidatorPlugIn">
<set-property property="pathnames"
value="/org/apache/struts/validator/validator-rules.xml,/WEB-INF/validations.xml" />
</plug-in>
</struts-config>