ospf 区域类型详细

我们知道ospf中有几种区域类型:stub ,totally stub ,nssa ,totally nssa.

下面分别讲一下各种区域类型对路由的改变,实验图如下:

wKioL1OdSrOibp3BAAI3QPr_R7A464.jpg


按如图配置好相关接口和参数,配置好后,查看R6路由如下:

O IA 192.168.123.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.36.3, 00:00:04, FastEthernet0/0

     1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O IA    1.1.1.1 [110/21] via 192.168.36.3, 00:00:04, FastEthernet0/0

     2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O IA    2.2.2.2 [110/21] via 192.168.36.3, 00:00:04, FastEthernet0/0

O IA 192.168.14.0/24 [110/30] via 192.168.36.3, 00:00:04, FastEthernet0/0

     3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O       3.3.3.3 [110/11] via 192.168.36.3, 00:00:04, FastEthernet0/0

O IA 192.168.25.0/24 [110/30] via 192.168.36.3, 00:00:05, FastEthernet0/0

     4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O IA    4.4.4.4 [110/31] via 192.168.36.3, 00:00:05, FastEthernet0/0

     5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O IA    5.5.5.5 [110/31] via 192.168.36.3, 00:00:05, FastEthernet0/0

     6.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       6.6.6.6 is directly connected, Loopback0

     172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets

O E2    172.16.0.0 [110/20] via 192.168.36.3, 00:00:05, FastEthernet0/0

O E2    172.16.1.0 [110/20] via 192.168.36.3, 00:00:05, FastEthernet0/0

O E2    172.16.2.0 [110/20] via 192.168.36.3, 00:00:05, FastEthernet0/0

O E2    172.16.3.0 [110/20] via 192.168.36.3, 00:00:05, FastEthernet0/0

C    192.168.36.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

O E2 192.168.0.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.36.3, 00:00:05, FastEthernet0/0

O E2 192.168.1.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.36.3, 00:00:05, FastEthernet0/0

O E2 192.168.2.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.36.3, 00:00:05, FastEthernet0/0

O E2 192.168.3.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.36.3, 00:00:06, FastEthernet0/0




配置R3及R6 area 3 为stub区域:

配置命令为:

R3(config-router)#area 3 stub 

R6(config-router)#area 3 stub 

修改完成后,R6路由如下:


O IA 192.168.123.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.36.3, 00:00:04, FastEthernet0/0

     1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O IA    1.1.1.1 [110/21] via 192.168.36.3, 00:00:04, FastEthernet0/0

     2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O IA    2.2.2.2 [110/21] via 192.168.36.3, 00:00:04, FastEthernet0/0

O IA 192.168.14.0/24 [110/30] via 192.168.36.3, 00:00:04, FastEthernet0/0

     3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O       3.3.3.3 [110/11] via 192.168.36.3, 00:00:04, FastEthernet0/0

O IA 192.168.25.0/24 [110/30] via 192.168.36.3, 00:00:05, FastEthernet0/0

     4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O IA    4.4.4.4 [110/31] via 192.168.36.3, 00:00:05, FastEthernet0/0

     5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O IA    5.5.5.5 [110/31] via 192.168.36.3, 00:00:05, FastEthernet0/0

     6.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       6.6.6.6 is directly connected, Loopback0

C    192.168.36.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

O*IA 0.0.0.0/0 [110/11] via 192.168.36.3, 00:00:07, FastEthernet0/0

由此可知stub区域不接收任何外部路由,用一条默认路由替代所有外部路由。



先在R4上查看路由表:

O IA 192.168.123.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.14.1, 00:00:51, FastEthernet0/0

     1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O IA    1.1.1.1 [110/11] via 192.168.14.1, 00:00:51, FastEthernet0/0

     2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O IA    2.2.2.2 [110/21] via 192.168.14.1, 00:00:51, FastEthernet0/0

C    192.168.14.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

     3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O IA    3.3.3.3 [110/21] via 192.168.14.1, 00:00:51, FastEthernet0/0

O IA 192.168.25.0/24 [110/30] via 192.168.14.1, 00:00:52, FastEthernet0/0

     4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       4.4.4.4 is directly connected, Loopback0

     5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O IA    5.5.5.5 [110/31] via 192.168.14.1, 00:00:52, FastEthernet0/0

     6.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O IA    6.6.6.6 [110/31] via 192.168.14.1, 00:00:52, FastEthernet0/0

     172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets

O E2    172.16.0.0 [110/20] via 192.168.14.1, 00:00:52, FastEthernet0/0

O E2    172.16.1.0 [110/20] via 192.168.14.1, 00:00:52, FastEthernet0/0

O E2    172.16.2.0 [110/20] via 192.168.14.1, 00:00:52, FastEthernet0/0

O E2    172.16.3.0 [110/20] via 192.168.14.1, 00:00:52, FastEthernet0/0

O IA 192.168.36.0/24 [110/30] via 192.168.14.1, 00:00:52, FastEthernet0/0

C    192.168.0.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback1

C    192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback1

C    192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback1

C    192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback1


在R4和R1上运行以下命令:

R2(config-router)#area 2 nssa no-summary 

R4(config-router)#area 2 nssa no-summary 


再次查看路由表:

C    192.168.14.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

     4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       4.4.4.4 is directly connected, Loopback0

C    192.168.0.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback1

C    192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback1

C    192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback1

C    192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback1

O*IA 0.0.0.0/0 [110/11] via 192.168.14.1, 00:00:19, FastEthernet0/0

由此可知nssa totally 区域去掉所区域间和外部路由




先来查看一下R5路由表:


O IA 192.168.123.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.25.2, 00:35:59, FastEthernet0/0

     1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O IA    1.1.1.1 [110/21] via 192.168.25.2, 00:35:59, FastEthernet0/0

     2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O IA    2.2.2.2 [110/11] via 192.168.25.2, 00:35:59, FastEthernet0/0

O IA 192.168.14.0/24 [110/30] via 192.168.25.2, 00:35:59, FastEthernet0/0

     3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O IA    3.3.3.3 [110/21] via 192.168.25.2, 00:35:59, FastEthernet0/0

C    192.168.25.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

     4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O IA    4.4.4.4 [110/31] via 192.168.25.2, 00:02:07, FastEthernet0/0

     5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       5.5.5.5 is directly connected, Loopback0

     6.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O IA    6.6.6.6 [110/31] via 192.168.25.2, 00:12:47, FastEthernet0/0

     172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets

C       172.16.0.0 is directly connected, Loopback1

C       172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback1

C       172.16.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback1

C       172.16.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback1

O IA 192.168.36.0/24 [110/30] via 192.168.25.2, 00:12:47, FastEthernet0/0

O E2 192.168.0.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.25.2, 00:02:02, FastEthernet0/0

O E2 192.168.1.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.25.2, 00:02:02, FastEthernet0/0

O E2 192.168.2.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.25.2, 00:02:02, FastEthernet0/0

O E2 192.168.3.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.25.2, 00:02:02, FastEthernet0/0


在R2和R5上运行如下命令:

R2(config-router)#area 1 nssa

R5(config-router)#area 1 nssa


O IA 192.168.123.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.25.2, 00:00:02, FastEthernet0/0

     1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O IA    1.1.1.1 [110/21] via 192.168.25.2, 00:00:02, FastEthernet0/0

     2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O IA    2.2.2.2 [110/11] via 192.168.25.2, 00:00:02, FastEthernet0/0

O IA 192.168.14.0/24 [110/30] via 192.168.25.2, 00:00:02, FastEthernet0/0

     3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O IA    3.3.3.3 [110/21] via 192.168.25.2, 00:00:02, FastEthernet0/0

C    192.168.25.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

     4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O IA    4.4.4.4 [110/31] via 192.168.25.2, 00:00:03, FastEthernet0/0

     5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       5.5.5.5 is directly connected, Loopback0

     6.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O IA    6.6.6.6 [110/31] via 192.168.25.2, 00:00:03, FastEthernet0/0

     172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets

C       172.16.0.0 is directly connected, Loopback1

C       172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback1

C       172.16.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback1

C       172.16.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback1

O IA 192.168.36.0/24 [110/30] via 192.168.25.2, 00:00:03, FastEthernet0/0


这时发现没有默认路由,需运行以下命令:

R2(config-router)#area 1 nssa default-information-originate 


这时R5路由如下:

O IA 192.168.123.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.25.2, 00:01:57, FastEthernet0/0

     1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O IA    1.1.1.1 [110/21] via 192.168.25.2, 00:01:57, FastEthernet0/0

     2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O IA    2.2.2.2 [110/11] via 192.168.25.2, 00:01:57, FastEthernet0/0

O IA 192.168.14.0/24 [110/30] via 192.168.25.2, 00:01:57, FastEthernet0/0

     3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O IA    3.3.3.3 [110/21] via 192.168.25.2, 00:01:57, FastEthernet0/0

C    192.168.25.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

     4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O IA    4.4.4.4 [110/31] via 192.168.25.2, 00:01:59, FastEthernet0/0

     5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       5.5.5.5 is directly connected, Loopback0

     6.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O IA    6.6.6.6 [110/31] via 192.168.25.2, 00:01:59, FastEthernet0/0

     172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets

C       172.16.0.0 is directly connected, Loopback1

C       172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback1

C       172.16.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback1

C       172.16.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback1

O IA 192.168.36.0/24 [110/30] via 192.168.25.2, 00:01:59, FastEthernet0/0

O*N2 0.0.0.0/0 [110/1] via 192.168.25.2, 00:00:06, FastEthernet0/0



你可能感兴趣的:(详解,ospf,区域类型)