LAMP编译安装
一、安装顺序httpd-->Mysql-->PHP-->XCache。首先Apache HTTPD编译安装。
1、所需源码包。
apr-1.5.1.tar.gz #Apache Portable Runtime不同操作系统兼容程序
apr-util-1.5.3.tar.gz
httpd-2.4.9.tar.gz
2、开始编译安装。
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y groupinstall "Development Tools" #安装开发工具
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y groupinstall "Additional Development"
[root@localhost ~]# tar -zxvf apr-1.5.1.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd apr-1.5.1
[root@localhost apr-1.5.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
[root@localhost apr-1.5.1]# make
[root@localhost apr-1.5.1]# make install
[root@localhost ~]# tar -zxvf apr-util-1.5.3.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd apr-util-1.5.3
[root@localhost apr-util-1.5.3]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util \
--with-apr=/usr/local/apr
[root@localhost apr-util-1.5.3]# make
[root@localhost apr-util-1.5.3]# make install
[root@localhost ~]# tar -zxvf httpd-2.4.9.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd httpd-2.4.9
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.9]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache \
--sysconfdir=/etc/httpd --enable-so --enable-rewrite --enable-ssl --enable-cgi \
--enable-cgid --enable-mods-shared=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-apr=/usr/local/apr\
--with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util
configure: error: pcre-config for libpcre not found. PCRE is required and available from
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.9]# yum -y install pcre-devel #安装缺失依赖包
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.9]# make
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.9]# make install
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/httpd/httpd.conf
PidFile "/var/run/httpd.pid" #修改PidFile路径
ServerName 127.0.0.1 #若无DNS即填IP
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/init.d/httpd #创建服务启动文件，可从rpm包复制该文件。
#!/bin/bash
#
# httpd Startup script for the Apache HTTP Server
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Apache is a World Wide Web server. It is used to serve \
# HTML files and CGI.
# processname: httpd
# config: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/httpd
# pidfile: /var/run/httpd.pid
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/httpd ]; then
. /etc/sysconfig/httpd
fi
# Start httpd in the C locale by default.
HTTPD_LANG=${HTTPD_LANG-"C"}
# This will prevent initlog from swallowing up a pass-phrase prompt if
# mod_ssl needs a pass-phrase from the user.
INITLOG_ARGS=""
# Set HTTPD=/usr/sbin/httpd.worker in /etc/sysconfig/httpd to use a server
# with the thread-based "worker" MPM; BE WARNED that some modules may not
# work correctly with a thread-based MPM; notably PHP will refuse to start.
# Path to the apachectl script, server binary, and short-form for messages.
apachectl=/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl
httpd=${HTTPD-/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd}
prog=httpd
pidfile=${PIDFILE-/var/run/httpd.pid}
lockfile=${LOCKFILE-/var/lock/subsys/httpd}
RETVAL=0
start() {
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
LANG=$HTTPD_LANG daemon --pidfile=${pidfile} $httpd $OPTIONS
RETVAL=$?
echo
[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch ${lockfile}
return $RETVAL
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc -p ${pidfile} -d 10 $httpd
RETVAL=$?
echo
[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f ${lockfile} ${pidfile}
}
reload() {
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
if ! LANG=$HTTPD_LANG $httpd $OPTIONS -t >&/dev/null; then
RETVAL=$?
echo $"not reloading due to configuration syntax error"
failure $"not reloading $httpd due to configuration syntax error"
else
killproc -p ${pidfile} $httpd -HUP
RETVAL=$?
fi
echo
}
# See how we were called.
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
status)
status -p ${pidfile} $httpd
RETVAL=$?
;;
restart)
stop
start
;;
condrestart)
if [ -f ${pidfile} ] ; then
stop
start
fi
;;
reload)
reload
;;
graceful|help|configtest|fullstatus)
$apachectl $@
RETVAL=$?
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|condrestart|reload|status|fullstatus|graceful|help|configtest}"
exit 1
esac
exit $RETVAL
[root@localhost ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/httpd
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --add httpd
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --level 35 httpd on
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh #添加PATH，必须以sh结尾
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/apache/bin
[root@localhost ~]# echo $PATH #重新登录即可生效
/usr/lib64/qt-3.3/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/apache/bin:/root/bin
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
[root@localhost ~]# service iptables stop
[root@localhost ~]# service httpd start
二、编译安装Mysql。
1、源码包。
mysql-5.5.30-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz
2、开始编译安装。
[root@localhost ~]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.5.30-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local #注意：需要解压到/usr/local目录下且命名为mysql [root@localhost ~]# ln -sv /usr/local/mysql-5.5.30-linux2.6-x86_64/ /usr/local/mysql [root@localhost ~]# groupadd -r -g 306 mysql [root@localhost ~]# useradd -g 306 -r -u 306 mysql #创建不允许登录的用户mysql [root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/* [root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /mydata/data #创建mysql数据存放目录，建议独立逻辑卷挂载 [root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /mydata/data [root@localhost ~]# chmod o-rx /mydata/data [root@localhost mysql]# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/mydata/data/ #运行安装脚本 [root@localhost mysql]# chown -R root /usr/local/mysql/* #安全考虑属主该为root，但数据目录必须为mysql [root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld #添加启动脚本 [root@localhost mysql]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld [root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld [root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on [root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf #添加配置文件 cp: overwrite `/etc/my.cnf'? y [root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf [mysqld] thread_concurrency = 4 #线程并发量 datadir = /mydata/data #数据目录 [root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/man.config #Manual文件链接 MANPATH /usr/local/mysql/man [root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh #Mysql执行程序链接 export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin [root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf #库文件链接 /usr/local/mysql/lib [root@localhost ~]# ldconfig -v #重新读取库文件 [root@localhost ~]# ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include /usr/include/mysql #头文件链接 [root@localhost ~]# service mysqld start
三、编译安装PHP。
1、源码包。
php-5.4.31.tar.gz
libmcrypt-2.5.7-5.el5.i386.rpm #这四个包为--with-mcrypt选项的依赖包
libmcrypt-devel-2.5.7-5.el5.i386.rpm
mhash-0.9.9-1.el5.centos.i386.rpm
mhash-devel-0.9.9-1.el5.centos.i386.rpm
2、编译安装以模块化运行的php以及xcache扩展。
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf php-5.4.31.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd php-5.4.31
[root@localhost php-5.4.31]#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php
--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-openssl
--with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --enable-mbstring --with-freetype-dir
--with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml
--enable-sockets --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs --with-mcrypt --with-config-file-path=/etc
--with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d --with-bz2 --enable-maintainer-zts
[root@localhost php-5.4.31]# make
[root@localhost php-5.4.31]# make install
[root@localhost php-5.4.31]# cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini #定义配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/httpd/httpd.conf #配置Apache识别php程序
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps
DirectoryIndex index.html index.php
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/apache/htdocs/
[root@localhost htdocs]# mv index.html index.php
[root@localhost htdocs]# vim index.php
<html><body><h1>It works!</h1></body></html>
<?php
phpinfo(); #验证php模块是否正常工作
$conn=mysql_connect('localhost','root',''); #验证php与mysql连接
if ($conn)
echo "Success...";
else
echo "Failure...";
?>
[root@localhost ~]# tar -zxvf xcache-2.0.1.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd xcache-2.0.1
[root@localhost xcache-2.0.1]# /usr/local/php/bin/phpize #php扩展编译准备
[root@localhost xcache-2.0.1]# ./configure --enable-xcache \
--with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
[root@localhost xcache-2.0.1]# make install
Installing shared extensions: /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20100525/
[root@localhost xcache-2.0.1]# mkdir /etc/php.d
[root@localhost xcache-2.0.1]# cp xcache.ini /etc/php.d/
[root@localhost xcache-2.0.1]# vim /etc/php.d/xcache.ini
zend_extension = /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20100525/xcache.so
;zend_extension_ts = c:/php/extensions/php_xcache.dll
[root@localhost xcache-2.0.1]# service httpd restart #重启httpd，主页有xcache模块即成功
3、配置apache以fpm方式运行的php
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf php-5.4.31.tar.gz [root@localhost ~]# cd php-5.4.31 [root@localhost ~]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql \ --with-openssl --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --enable-mbstring \ --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr \ --enable-xml --enable-sockets --enable-fpm --with-mcrypt --with-config-file-path=/etc \ --with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d --with-bz2 [root@localhost php-5.4.31]# make [root@localhost php-5.4.31]# make install 为php提供配置文件： # cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini 3、配置php-fpm 为php-fpm提供Sysv init脚本，并将其添加至服务列表： # cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm # chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm # chkconfig --add php-fpm # chkconfig php-fpm on 为php-fpm提供配置文件： # cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf 编辑php-fpm的配置文件： # vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf 配置fpm的相关选项为你所需要的值，并启用pid文件（如下最后一行）： pm.max_children = 50 pm.start_servers = 5 pm.min_spare_servers = 2 pm.max_spare_servers = 8 pid = /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid 接下来就可以启动php-fpm了： # service php-fpm start 使用如下命令来验正（如果此命令输出有中几个php-fpm进程就说明启动成功了）： # ps aux | grep php-fpm 默认情况下，fpm监听在127.0.0.1的9000端口，也可以使用如下命令验正其是否已经监听在相应的套接字。 # netstat -tnlp | grep php-fpm tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 689/php-fpm 启用httpd的相关模块 在Apache httpd 2.4以后已经专门有一个模块针对FastCGI的实现，此模块为mod_proxy_fcgi.so，它其实是作为mod_proxy.so模块的扩充，因此，这两个模块都要加载 LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so LoadModule proxy_fcgi_module modules/mod_proxy_fcgi.so 2、配置虚拟主机支持使用fcgi 在相应的虚拟主机中添加类似如下两行。 ProxyRequests Off ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/PATH/TO/DOCUMENT_ROOT/$1 例如： <VirtualHost *:80> DocumentRoot "/www/magedu.com" ServerName magedu.com ServerAlias www.magedu.com ProxyRequests Off ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/www/magedu.com/$1 <Directory "/www/magedu.com"> Options none AllowOverride none Require all granted </Directory> </VirtualHost> ProxyRequests Off：关闭正向代理 ProxyPassMatch：把以.php结尾的文件请求发送到php-fpm进程，php-fpm至少需要知道运行的目录和URI，所以这里直接在fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000后指明了这两个参数，其它的参数的传递已经被mod_proxy_fcgi.so进行了封装，不需要手动指定。 3、编辑apache配置文件httpd.conf，让apache能识别php格式的页面，并支持php格式的主页 # vim /etc/httpd/httpd.conf 1、添加如下二行 AddType application/x-httpd-php .php AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps 2、定位至DirectoryIndex index.html 修改为： DirectoryIndex index.php index.html 补充：Apache httpd 2.4以前的版本中，要么把PHP作为Apache的模块运行，要么添加一个第三方模块支持PHP-FPM实现。
四、配置DNS,虚拟主机。
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install bind
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/named.conf
options {
listen-on port 53 { any; };
allow-query { any; };
forwarders { 114.114.114.114; };
dnssec-validation no;
zone "a.net" IN {
type master;
file "/var/named/a.net";
};
zone "1.16.172.in-addr.arpa" IN {
type master;
file "named-1.16.172";
};
[root@localhost ~]# vim /var/named/a.net
$TTL 86400
@ IN SOA a.net. root.a.net. ( 2014071011 8H 15M 1W 1D );
@ IN NS a.net.;
@ IN A 172.16.1.1;
www IN A 172.16.1.1;
[root@localhost ~]# vim /var/named/named-1.16.172
$TTL 86400
@ IN SOA a.net. root.a.net. ( 2014071011 8H 15M 1W 1D );
@ IN NS a.net.;
1 IN PTR a.net.;
1 IN PTR www.a.net.;
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/httpd/httpd.conf
#DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/htdocs" #注释该行
Include /etc/httpd/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf #此行取消注释
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/httpd/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
<VirtualHost *:80>
DocumentRoot "/web/a.net"
ServerName www.a.net
<Directory "/web/a.net">
Options none
AllowOverride none
Require all granted
</Directory>
ErrorLog "/var/log/httpd/a.net-error_log"
CustomLog "/var/log/httpd/a.net-access_log" combined
</VirtualHost>