Mysql5.1 在已经配置好的情况下设置字符编码

 免安装版的mysql5.1.42,你如果直接mysqld -install,安装成功后你会发现配置文件不知道在哪里,所以在install之前,应该配置好my.ini,即在安装目录下找到几个配置文件,按自己需要修改(如字符编码,密码,内存分配等),然后保存为my.ini,这时执行myslqd -install,mysql就会自动使用目录下的my.ini作为配置文件。

   不过我在install的时候没有事先配置好my.ini,导致我的数据库编码是latin,造成中文乱码,不过在已安装好配置时设置数据库编码的方法是:

   Liunx下修改MySQL字符集: 
1.查找MySQL的cnf文件的位置 
find / -iname '*.cnf' -print 
 
/usr/share/mysql/my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf 
/usr/share/mysql/my-large.cnf 
/usr/share/mysql/my-small.cnf 
/usr/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf 
/usr/share/mysql/my-huge.cnf 
/usr/share/texmf/web2c/texmf.cnf 
/usr/share/texmf/web2c/mktex.cnf 
/usr/share/texmf/web2c/fmtutil.cnf 
/usr/share/texmf/tex/xmltex/xmltexfmtutil.cnf 
/usr/share/texmf/tex/jadetex/jadefmtutil.cnf 
/usr/share/doc/MySQL-server-community-5.1.22/my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf 
/usr/share/doc/MySQL-server-community-5.1.22/my-large.cnf 
/usr/share/doc/MySQL-server-community-5.1.22/my-small.cnf 
/usr/share/doc/MySQL-server-community-5.1.22/my-medium.cnf 
/usr/share/doc/MySQL-server-community-5.1.22/my-huge.cnf 
 
2. 拷贝 small.cnf、my-medium.cnf、my-huge.cnf、my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf其中的一个到/etc下,命名为my.cnf 
cp /usr/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf 
 
3. 修改my.cnf 
vi /etc/my.cnf 
在[client]下添加 
default-character-set=utf8
在[mysqld]下添加 
default-character-set=utf8
 
4.重新启动MySQL 
[root@bogon ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql restart 
Shutting down MySQL                                         [ 确定 ] 
Starting MySQL.                                           [ 确定 ] 
[root@bogon ~]# mysql -u root -p 
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. 
Your MySQL connection id is 1 
Server version: 5.1.22-rc-community-log MySQL Community Edition (GPL) 
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer. 
 
其他的一些设置方法: 
 
修改数据库的字符集 
mysql>use mydb 
mysql>alter database mydb character set utf8; 
创建数据库指定数据库的字符集 
mysql>create database mydb character set utf8; 
 
通过配置文件修改: 
修改/var/lib/mysql/mydb/db.opt 
default-character-set=latin1
default-collation=latin1_swedish_ci
为 
default-character-set=utf8
default-collation=utf8_general_ci
重起MySQL: 
[root@bogon ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql restart 
 
通过MySQL命令行修改: 
mysql> set character_set_client=utf8; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) 
mysql> set character_set_connection=utf8; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) 
mysql> set character_set_database=utf8; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) 
mysql> set character_set_results=utf8; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) 
mysql> set character_set_server=utf8; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) 
mysql> set character_set_system=utf8; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) 
mysql> set collation_connection=utf8; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) 
mysql> set collation_database=utf8; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) 
mysql> set collation_server=utf8; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) 
 

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