Puppet 安装配置

http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-24250828-id-3882898.html

环境说明：

OS:CentOS 5.5 x86_64
puppetmaster    192.168.0.12    hostname: puppetmaster.info.com
client        192.168.0.64    hostname: client1.info.com


原理图：




1)         客户端通过facter收集客户端信息并发送至服务端
2)         连接服务端并请求catalog日志
3)         请求节点（node）的信息
4)         从服务器端接收节点（node)的实例
5)         编译代码（包括语法检查等工作）
6)         查询是否有exported 虚拟资源
7)         如有，则从数据库接收虚拟资源
8)         接收完整的catalog日志
9)         存储catalog日志到数据库
10)       客户端接收完整的catalog日志


一、 时间同步,并写入crontab

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15 1 * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate pool.ntp.org; hwclock -w >/dev/null 2>&1

二、 修改主机名,并写入/etc/hosts文件

Puppet 要求所有机器有完整的域名（FQDN），如果没有 DNS 服务器提供域名的话，可以在两台机器上设置主机名
（注意建议先设置主机名再安装 Puppet，因安装 Puppet 时会把主机名写入证书，客户端和服务端通信需要这个证书）

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192.168.0.12 puppetmaster.info.com
192.168.0.64 client1.info.com

三、 安装ruby

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[root@puppetmaster ~]# yum install ruby ruby-libs ruby-rdoc -y


[root@puppetmaster ~]# ruby --version
ruby 1.8.5 (2006-08-25) [i386-linux]

我安装的是1.8.5 ，不要安装1.8.7 puppet 还不支持，( 我没试过，如果出现不支持的情况，注意一下这里。)

四、 安装facter

安装puppet之前必须先安装facter
facter是一个系统盘点工具，收集主的一些资料，比如CPU，主机IP等，它收集到值发送给puppet服务器端,服务器端就可以根据不同的条件来对不同的节点机器生成不同的puppet配置文件


puppet资源下载点 http://downloads.puppetlabs.com/

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[root@puppetmaster src]# wget http://downloads.puppetlabs.com/facter/facter-1.6.8.tar.gz
[root@puppetmaster src]# tar xzvf facter-1.6.8.tar.gz
[root@puppetmaster src]# cd facter-1.6.8
[root@puppetmaster facter-1.6.8]# ruby install.rb
[root@puppetmaster puppet-2.7.14]# ruby install.rb

五、 安装puppet

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[root@puppetmaster src]# wget http://downloads.puppetlabs.com/puppet/puppet-2.7.14.tar.gz
[root@puppetmaster src]# tar xzvf puppet-2.7.14.tar.gz
[root@puppetmaster src]# cd puppet-2.7.14

六、 复制配置文件

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[root@puppetmaster puppet-2.7.14]# cp conf/redhat/fileserver.conf /etc/puppet/
[root@puppetmaster puppet-2.7.14]# cp conf/redhat/puppet.conf /etc/puppet/
[root@puppetmaster puppet-2.7.14]# cp conf/redhat/server.init /etc/init.d/puppetmaster

七、 设置puppetmaster 服务开机启动

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[root@puppetmaster puppet-2.7.14]# ls -l /etc/init.d/puppetmaster
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3936 Sep 3 12:13 /etc/init.d/puppetmaster
[root@puppetmaster puppet-2.7.14]#
[root@puppetmaster puppet-2.7.14]# chkconfig --add puppetmaster
[root@puppetmaster puppet-2.7.14]# chkconfig --level 35 puppetmaster on

八、 创建puppet帐号

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[root@puppetmaster puppet-2.7.14]# puppetmasterd --mkusers

1）确认是否生成清单文件夹

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[root@puppetmaster puppet-2.7.14]# ls -l /etc/puppet/
total 16
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2552 Sep 3 12:11 auth.conf
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 381 Sep 3 12:13 fileserver.conf
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Sep 3 12:17 manifests
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 853 Sep 3 12:13 puppet.conf

2）确认系统生成puppet用户

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[root@puppetmaster puppet-2.7.14]# id puppet
uid=1002(puppet) gid=1002(puppet) groups=1002(puppet)

[root@puppetmaster puppet]# cat /etc/passwd |grep puppet
puppet:x:1002:1002::/home/puppet:/bin/bash

3）保证/var/lib/puppet/rrd目录存在且属主是puppet

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[root@puppetmaster puppet]# ls -l /var/lib/puppet/
total 36
drwxr-x--- 2 puppet puppet 4096 Sep 3 12:17 bucket
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Sep 3 12:17 facts
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Sep 3 12:17 lib
drwxr-x--- 2 puppet puppet 4096 Sep 3 12:17 reports
drwxr-x--- 2 puppet puppet 4096 Sep 3 12:17 rrd
drwxr-x--- 2 puppet puppet 4096 Sep 3 12:17 server_data
drwxrwx--x 8 puppet root 4096 Sep 3 12:26 ssl
drwxr-xr-t 2 root root 4096 Sep 3 12:17 state
drwxr-x--- 2 puppet puppet 4096 Sep 3 12:17 yaml

4）查看端口

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[root@puppetmaster puppet]# netstat -Tanlp | grep 8140
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:8140 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 4556/ruby

客户端：

安装facter,puppet 同puppetmaster 一样。但复制的文件如下

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[root@client1 puppet-2.7.14]# cp conf/redhat/client.init /etc/init.d/puppet
[root@client1 puppet-2.7.14]# chkconfig --level 35 puppet on

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[root@client1 puppet-2.7.14]# puppetd --mkusers
Could not prepare for execution: Got 1 failure(s) while initializing: change from absent to present failed: Could not create user puppet: Execution of '/usr/sbin/useradd -g puppet -M puppet' returned 3: useradd: invalid numeric argument 'puppet'

[root@client1 puppet-2.7.14]# groupadd puppet;useradd -g puppet -M puppet
[root@client1 puppet-2.7.14]# service puppet start
Starting puppet: [ OK ]

测试解析与puppetmaster端口是否畅通

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[root@client1 puppet-2.7.14]# telnet puppetmaster.info.com 8140
Trying 192.168.0.12...
Connected to puppetmaster.info.com (192.168.0.12).
Escape character is '^]'.

[root@client1 puppet-2.7.14]# puppetd --test --server puppetmaster.info.com
warning: peer certificate won't be verified in this SSL session
info: Caching certificate for ca
warning: peer certificate won't be verified in this SSL session
warning: peer certificate won't be verified in this SSL session
info: Creating a new SSL certificate request for client1.info.com
info: Certificate Request fingerprint (md5): 07:C9:D4:43:3C:3E:D6:D1:0A:B1:8B:71:DB:6B:9D:FE
warning: peer certificate won't be verified in this SSL session
warning: peer certificate won't be verified in this SSL session
warning: peer certificate won't be verified in this SSL session
Exiting; no certificate found and waitforcert is disabled

# puppetd --test --server puppetmaster.info.com命令是指puppetd 从 puppetmaster.info.com去读取
puppet配置文件. 第一次连接,双方会进行ssl证书的验证,这是一个新的客户端,在服务器端那里还没有被认证,因此需要在服务器端进行证书认证



以下这步批准证书是在服务端操作

查看当前待批准证书列表

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[root@puppetmaster ~]# puppetca -l
  client1.info.com (07:C9:D4:43:3C:3E:D6:D1:0A:B1:8B:71:DB:6B:9D:FE)

批准当前证书

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[root@puppetmaster ~]# puppetca -s client1.info.com
notice: Signed certificate request for client1.info.com
notice: Removing file Puppet::SSL::CertificateRequest client1.info.com at '/var/lib/puppet/ssl/ca/requests/client1.info.com.pem'

查看验证签名,注意前面的+号，说明已经签名

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[root@puppetmaster ~]# puppetca -a --list
+ client1.info.com (03:BE:50:AE:72:1A:39:79:17:F4:E5:74:FD:CC:BC:8C)
+ puppetmaster.info.com (97:34:BF:26:A6:0E:E9:9C:DB:76:D3:53:D0:56:60:83) (alt names: DNS:puppet, DNS:puppet.info.com, DNS:puppetmaster.info.com)

如果要批准全部证书

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puppetca -s -a
也可以在puppetmaster端的puppet.conf加入这行：
autosign = true
服务端就自动签证书

回到客户端操作，从服务端取回已批准的证书

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[root@client1 puppet-2.7.14]# puppetd --test --server puppetmaster.info.com
warning: peer certificate won't be verified in this SSL session
info: Caching certificate for client1.info.com
info: Caching certificate_revocation_list for ca
info: Caching catalog for client1.info.com
info: Applying configuration version '1378188531

验证证书是否正确

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服务端:
[root@puppetmaster ~]# md5sum /var/lib/puppet/ssl/ca/signed/client1.info.com.pem
27a295f39a6b4a6c7ceb74c9c3a5084c /var/lib/puppet/ssl/ca/signed/client1.info.com.pem

客户端:
[root@client1 puppet-2.7.14]# md5sum /etc/puppet/ssl/certs/client1.info.com.pem
27a295f39a6b4a6c7ceb74c9c3a5084c /etc/puppet/ssl/certs/client1.info.com.pem


出现修改主机名问题引起无法认证，需要重新申请证书，操作以下两个步骤：
服务端：
[root@puppetmaster ~]# rm /var/lib/puppet/ssl/ca/signed/client1.info.com.pem -rf

客户端：
[root@client1 puppet-2.7.14]# rm /etc/puppet/ssl/certs/ -rf

功能测试

服务端：
建立pp文件测试
puppet的第一个执行的代码是在/etc/puppet/manifest/site.pp ,因此这个文件必须存在,而且其他的代码也要通过代码来调用.

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[root@puppetmaster ~]# vim /etc/puppet/manifests/site.pp
node default {
file {"/tmp/viong.txt":
content=>"good,test pass!\nHello World!\n";}
    }

上面的代码对默认连入的puppet客户端执行一个操作,在/tmp目录生成一个viong.txt文件,内容是good,test pass! 回车换行Hello World!回车换行.

初次创建pp文件，需要重启puppetmaster

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[root@puppetmaster ~]# service puppetmaster restart
Stopping puppetmaster: [ OK ]
Starting puppetmaster: [ OK ]

客户端：

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[root@client1 puppet-2.7.14]# puppetd --test --server puppetmaster.info.com
info: Caching catalog for client1.info.com
info: Applying configuration version '1378190404'
notice: /Stage[main]//Node[default]/File[/tmp/viong.txt]/ensure: defined content as '{md5}4750aa5be82dae5db286a5859700dd51'
notice: Finished catalog run in 0.03 seconds


如果报错
[root@client1 puppet-2.7.14]# puppetd --test --server puppetmaster.info.com
err: Could not retrieve catalog from remote server: Error 400 on SERVER: Could not parse for environment production: Syntax error at end of file; expected '}' at /etc/puppet/manifests/site.pp:4 on node client1.info.com
warning: Not using cache on failed catalog
err: Could not retrieve catalog; skipping run

可能是/etc/puppet/manifests/site.pp 这个文件书写格式有问题。

在客户端查看:

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[root@client1 puppet-2.7.14]# ls -l /tmp/viong.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 29 Sep 3 14:50 /tmp/viong.txt
[root@client1 puppet-2.7.14]# cat /tmp/viong.txt
good,test pass!Hello World!