LNMP安装配置
与Apache相比，Nginx是后起之秀。Apache模块很多，属于大而全的服务器软件。而Nginx以小巧高效闻名，由俄罗斯的程序设计师Igor Sysoev所开发，其特点是占有内存少，并发能力强，事实上nginx的并发能力确实在同类型的网页服务器中表现较好。中国大陆使用nginx网站用户有：新浪、网易、 腾讯、小米官网等。
使用Apache的体系叫LAMP，使用Nginx的当然叫LNMP了。Apache大而全的好处是有现成的 apache2-mod_php5模块，装上就什么都不用管。而Nginx就没这类的模块，需要借助FastCGI来解析php文件。软件包php5-fpm是用于FastCGI进程管理的PHP5模块。
LNMP平台大致的工作流程是：安装php5-fpm后，通过php-fpm启用FastCGI进程，然后配置nginx，让nginx把php文件解析交给FastCGI进程处理，然后nginx把解析得到网页显示出来。
1. MySQL安装（同LAMP里面的安装方法）
tar zxvf /usr/local/src/mysql-5.1.40-linux-i686-icc-glibc23.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.1.40-linux-i686-icc-glibc23 /usr/local/mysql
useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql
cd /usr/local/mysql
mkdir -p /data/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql
./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
vim /etc/init.d/mysqld #修改datadir
chkconfig --add mysqld
chkconfig mysqld on
service mysqld start
2. php安装
wget http://cn2.php.net/distributions/php-5.4.37.tar.bz2
tar jxf php-5.4.37.tar.bz2
useradd -s /sbin/nologin php-fpm
cd php-5.4.37
useradd -s /sbin/nologin php-fpm
php依赖包参看lamp php安装
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=php-fpm --with-fpm-group=php-fpm --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysql-sock=/tmp/mysql.sock --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-ftp --enable-mbstring --enable-exif --disable-ipv6 --with-curl
make && make install
cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini #配置文件
拷贝启动脚本：
cp /usr/local/src/php-5.4.37/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
mv /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
把如下内容写入该文件:
[global] pid = /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid error_log = /usr/local/php/var/log/php-fpm.log [www] listen = /tmp/php-fcgi.sock user = php-fpm group = php-fpm pm = dynamic pm.max_children = 50 pm.start_servers = 20 pm.min_spare_servers = 5 pm.max_spare_servers = 35 pm.max_requests = 500 rlimit_files = 1024
保存配置文件后，检验配置是否正确的方法为:
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -t
如果出现诸如 “test is successful” 字样，说明配置没有问题。
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/php-fpm
chkconfig --add php-fpm
service php-fpm start
chkconfig php-fpm on
3. 安装nginx
cd /usr/local/src/
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz
tar zxvf nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.6.2
yum install -y pcre-devel
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-pcre
make
make install
启动nginx：
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
4. 编写nginx启动脚本
vim /etc/init.d/nginx //加入如下内容
#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: - 30 21
# description: http service.
# Source Function Library
. /etc/init.d/functions
# Nginx Settings
NGINX_SBIN="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
NGINX_CONF="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
NGINX_PID="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
RETVAL=0
prog="Nginx"
start() {
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
mkdir -p /dev/shm/nginx_temp
daemon $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -TERM
rm -rf /dev/shm/nginx_temp
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
reload(){
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
restart(){
stop
start
}
configtest(){
$NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF -t
return 0
}
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
reload)
reload
;;
restart)
restart
;;
configtest)
configtest
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|restart|configtest}"
RETVAL=1
esac
exit $RETVAL
保存后，执行
chmod a+x /etc/init.d/nginx
chkconfig --add nginx
chkconfig nginx on
5. 配置解析php
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf //把下面的配置，前面的#删除，并更改fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME 那一行
server {
include port.conf;
server_name www.ixdba.net ixdba.net;
location / {
index index.html index.php;
root /web/www/www.ixdba.net;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
复制代码
6.更改nginx配置
首先把原来的配置文件清空:
> /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
“>” 这个符号之前阿铭介绍过，为重定向的意思，单独用它，可以把一个文本文档快速清空。
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
写入如下内容:
user nobody nobody;
worker_processes 2;
error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;
pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 6000;
}
http
{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 3526;
server_names_hash_max_size 4096;
log_format combined_realip '$remote_addr $http_x_forwarded_for [$time_local]'
'$host "$request_uri" $status'
'"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"';
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 30;
client_header_timeout 3m;
client_body_timeout 3m;
send_timeout 3m;
connection_pool_size 256;
client_header_buffer_size 1k;
large_client_header_buffers 8 4k;
request_pool_size 4k;
output_buffers 4 32k;
postpone_output 1460;
client_max_body_size 10m;
client_body_buffer_size 256k;
client_body_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/client_body_temp;
proxy_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/proxy_temp;
fastcgi_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/fastcgi_temp;
fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
tcp_nodelay on;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 8k;
gzip_comp_level 5;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/htm application/xml;
include vhosts/*.conf;
#server部分虚拟主机，可以放在/usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts/default.conf
#
#
#
server
{
listen 80 default_server;
server_name localhost;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /usr/local/nginx/html;
location ~ \.php$ {
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-fcgi.sock;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
}
}
}
保存配置后，先检验一下配置文件是否有错误存在:
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t 启动nginx: service nginx start 如果不能启动，请查看 “/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log” 文件，检查nginx是否启动: ps aux |grep nginx 看是否有进程。
7.nginx、php测试
vim /usr/local/nginx/html/1.php
增加
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
测试： curl localhost/1.php