MariaDB、MySQL双主互备模型同步数据

    MySQL双主互备即两台MySQL服务器同时是主服务器，而同时又是对方的从服务器，这样可以分担主服务器的一部分写请求，因为如果是单主模型的话数据写入只能写入在一台MySQL服务器，而双主模型则可同时写在两台服务器上，有效加快了写入的速度，而且还能提供数据的备份功能。

环境如下：

server1：CentOS 6.5 x86_64 mariadb 10.0.10 IP:192.168.10.204

server2：CentOS 6.5 x86_64 mariadb 10.0.10  IP:192.168.10.205

一：服务器的my.cnf配置：

Server1:my.cnf全部配置如下：

[root@node4 ~]# grep -v "#"  /etc/mysql/my.cnf 

[client]

port = 3306

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

[mysqld]

port = 3306

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

skip-external-locking

key_buffer_size = 256M

max_allowed_packet = 1M

table_open_cache = 256

sort_buffer_size = 1M

read_buffer_size = 1M

read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M

myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M

thread_cache_size = 8

query_cache_size= 16M

thread_concurrency = 4

datadir = /data/mydata

innodb_file_per_table = ON  #每一条事物完成后就写入二进制

log-bin=/data/binlogs/master-bin #二进制日志目录

binlog_format=mixed

server-id = 100 #两台服务器的server-id绝不可以相同

auto_increment_increment=2 # 定义每次增长间隔为2即步长，起始值为1步长为2表示每次增长就加2,1、3、5、7、9，用于和从服务器区分值

auto_increment_offset=1 # 定义主键自动增长起始值

skip_slave_start  #跳过slave备份线程，即服务启东时候不自动打开

relay_log = /data/relaylogs/relay-bin  #中继日志路径

[mysqldump]

quick

max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql]

no-auto-rehash

[myisamchk]

key_buffer_size = 128M

sort_buffer_size = 128M

read_buffer = 2M

write_buffer = 2M

[mysqlhotcopy]

interactive-timeou

server2 my.cnf全部配置：

[root@node5 ~]# grep -v "#" /etc/mysql/my.cnf 

[client]

port = 3306

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

[mysqld]

port = 3306

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

skip-external-locking

key_buffer_size = 256M

max_allowed_packet = 1M

table_open_cache = 256

sort_buffer_size = 1M

read_buffer_size = 1M

read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M

myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M

thread_cache_size = 8

query_cache_size= 16M

thread_concurrency = 4

innodb_file_per_table = ON

datadir = /data/mydata

log-bin=/data/binlogs/master-bin

binlog_format=mixed

server-id = 4

auto_increment_increment=2

auto_increment_offset=2

skip_slave_start

relay_log = /data/relaylogs/relay-bin

[mysqldump]

quick

max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql]

no-auto-rehash

[myisamchk]

key_buffer_size = 128M

sort_buffer_size = 128M

read_buffer = 2M

write_buffer = 2M

[mysqlhotcopy]

interactive-timeout

然后启动mysqld服务

二：授权复制并启动复制：

1、server1：

mysql> grant replication slave,file on *.* to 'tom'@'192.168.%.%' identified by '123456';

mysql> flush privileges;

2、server2：

mysql> grant replication slave,file on *.* to 'tom'@'192.168.%.%' identified by '123456';

mysql> flush privileges;

3、在各个server指向对方当主服务器：

server1：

mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO     MASTER_HOST='192.168.10.205',MASTER_USER='tom',MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',MASTER_LOG_FILE='master-bin.000004',MASTER_LOG_POS=1160;

   注：MASTER_LOG_FILE='master-bin.000004',MASTER_LOG_POS=1160; 是对方主服务器192.168.10.205查看show master status得知

server2：

mysql>  CHANGE MASTER TO     MASTER_HOST='192.168.10.204',MASTER_USER='tom',MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',MASTER_LOG_FILE='master-bin.000003',MASTER_LOG_POS=526;

     注：MASTER_LOG_FILE='master-bin.000004',MASTER_LOG_POS=1160; 是对方主服务器192.168.10.204查看show master status得知

4、启动slave线程：

server1：

mysql> start slave;

    Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

server2：

mysql> start slave;

    Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

5、查看状态：

serever1：

mysql> show slave status\G

    *************************** 1. row ***************************

    Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event

    Master_Host: 192.168.10.205

    Master_User: tom

    Master_Port: 3306

    Connect_Retry: 60

    Master_Log_File: master-bin.000004

    Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1160

    Relay_Log_File: relay-bin.000002

    Relay_Log_Pos: 536

    Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000004

    Slave_IO_Running: Yes     #

    Slave_SQL_Running: Yes  #此两个线程一定要启动

server2：

mysql>show slave status\G

    ***************************1. row ***************************

    Slave_IO_State:Waiting for master to send event

    Master_Host:192.168.10.204

    Master_User:tom

    Master_Port:3306

    Connect_Retry:60

    Master_Log_File:master-bin.000003

    Read_Master_Log_Pos:843

    Relay_Log_File:relay-bin.000002

    Relay_Log_Pos:853

    Relay_Master_Log_File:master-bin.000003

    Slave_IO_Running:Yes

    Slave_SQL_Running:Yes

6、在任意一个server创建库和表并插入内容差可能能否同步：

server1：

mysql> create database linux;

    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

server2：

mysql> show databases;

    +--------------------+

    | Database           |

    +--------------------+

    | information_schema |

    | linux              |

    | mysql              |

    | performance_schema |

    | test               |

    +--------------------+

    5 rows in set (0.04 sec)

mysql> use linux;

    Database changed

mysql> create table t1 (id int);

    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.16 sec)

mysql> insert into t1 values (1),(2),(3);

    Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.08 sec)

    Records: 3  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from t1;

    +------+

    | id   |

    +------+

    |    1 |

    |    2 |

    |    3 |

    +------+

    3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

server1：

mysql>  insert into t1 values (4),(5),(6);

    Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.00 sec)

    Records: 3  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from t1;

    +------+

    | id   |

    +------+

    |    1 |

    |    2 |

    |    3 |

    |    4 |

    |    5 |

    |    6 |

    +------+

    6 rows in set (0.00 sec)