Spring Security身份认证之HelloSpringSecurity（附源码）
在上一篇文档中，对Spring Security中的身份认证的流程和管理进行了详细介绍，本文将从实践的角度告诉大家如何使用最简便的方式用Spring Security进行身份验证。
开发环境如下：
JDK 1.7
Tomcat 7
Eclipse
Spring Security 3.2.5
项目目录结构如下：
1.新建Maven Project，对Maven不熟悉的童鞋请自行充电，现在这个念头不学习Maven绝对是不行的。
2. 在Pom.xml添加相关jar依赖。
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.favccxx.favsecurity</groupId>
<artifactId>HelloSpringSecurity</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>HelloSpringSecurity Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<spring.version>3.2.8.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- <dependency> -->
<!-- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> -->
<!-- <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> -->
<!-- <version>${spring.version}</version> -->
<!-- </dependency> -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.freemarker</groupId>
<artifactId>freemarker</artifactId>
<version>2.3.20</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>
<version>3.2.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>
<version>3.2.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>HelloSpringSecurity</finalName>
</build>
</project>
3. 配置web.xml，在容器启动时加载Spring MVC的配置文件与Spring Security的配置文件。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app id="helloSpringSecurity" version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"> <display-name>Hello Spring Security</display-name> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value> classpath:springSecurity.xml </param-value> </context-param> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <filter> <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <servlet> <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring-context.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
4. SpringSecurity.xml配置文件如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:security="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/security http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security-3.2.xsd"> <security:http auto-config="true"> <security:intercept-url pattern="/admin" access="ROLE_ADMIN"/> <security:intercept-url pattern="/confidential" access="ROLE_SUPERADMIN"/> </security:http> <security:authentication-manager> <security:authentication-provider> <security:user-service> <security:user name="favccxx" password="favccxx" authorities="ROLE_USER,ROLE_ADMIN"/> <security:user name="super" password="super" authorities="ROLE_SUPERADMIN"/> </security:user-service> </security:authentication-provider> </security:authentication-manager> </beans>
5.spring-context.xml配置文件如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd"> <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven> <context:component-scan base-package="com.favccxx.favsecurity.web"></context:component-scan> <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.UrlBasedViewResolver"> <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" /> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views" /> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> </bean> </beans>
6. 新建HelloSpringSecurityController.java文件，代码如下：
package com.favccxx.favsecurity.web;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
public class HelloSpringSecurityController {
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public ModelAndView hello(){
ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView();
mav.addObject("title", "Welcome - Spring Security Hello World");
mav.addObject("message", "This is welcome page!");
mav.setViewName("/hello");
return mav;
}
@RequestMapping(value = { "/", "/welcome" }, method = RequestMethod.GET)
public ModelAndView welcome() {
ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView();
mav.addObject("title", "Welcome - Spring Security Hello World");
mav.addObject("message", "This is welcome page!");
mav.setViewName("/hello");
return mav;
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/admin", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public ModelAndView admin() {
ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView();
mav.addObject("title", "Admin - Spring Security Hello World");
mav.addObject("message", "This is protected page!");
mav.setViewName("/admin");
return mav;
}
}
}
7. 在/WEB-INF/views文件夹下分别创建admin.jsp和hello.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>${title}</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Title : ${title}</h1>
<h1>Message : ${message}</h1>
<c:if test="${pageContext.request.userPrincipal.name != null}">
<h2>
Welcome : ${pageContext.request.userPrincipal.name} | <a href="<c:url value="/j_spring_security_logout" />"> Logout</a>
</h2>
</c:if>
</body>
</html>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>${title}</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Title:${title}</h1>
<h1>Message:${message}</h1>
</body>
</html>
8. 系统运行效果图如下
备注：猛击此处下载源代码