Nginx1.8.0 编译安装
1.准备安装包
下载最新稳定版nginx-1.8.0
http://nginx.org/en/download.html
2.安装环境准备
Centos 6.5(Final)
yum-y install pcre-devel openssl-devel
3. 安装
(a) 解压然后编译
./configure--prefix=/usr/local/nginx --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --user=nginx--group=nginx --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid--lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock --with-http_ssl_module--with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_gzip_static_module--with-http_flv_module --with-http_mp4_module--http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy--http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fastcgi--http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi make && make install
(b) 创建上面指定的目录，不然启动时会报错
mkdir -pv/var/tmp/nginx/{client,proxy,fastcgi,uwsgi}
4. 启动服务配置
根据目前不同的系统下载相应脚本
https://www.nginx.com/resources/wiki/start/topics/examples/initscripts/
对应Redhat的脚本如下：
#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops thenginx daemon
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: NGINX is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no"] && exit 0
nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && ./etc/sysconfig/nginx
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
make_dirs() {
#make required directories
user=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" |sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -`
if[ -z "`grep $user /etc/passwd`" ]; then
useradd -M -s /bin/nologin $user
fi
options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`
for opt in $options; do
if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then
value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`
if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then
# echo "creating"$value
mkdir -p $value && chown-R $user $value
fi
fi
done
}
start() {
[-x $nginx ] || exit 5
[-f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
make_dirs
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
retval=$?
echo
[$retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
return $retval
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $prog -QUIT
retval=$?
echo
[$retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
return $retval
}
restart() {
configtest || return $?
stop
sleep 1
start
}
reload() {
configtest || return $?
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc $nginx -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
}
force_reload() {
restart
}
configtest() {
$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}
rh_status() {
status $prog
}
rh_status_q() {
rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}
case "$1" in
start)
rh_status_q && exit 0
$1
;;
stop)
rh_status_q || exit 0
$1
;;
restart|configtest)
$1
;;
reload)
rh_status_q || exit 7
$1
;;
force-reload)
force_reload
;;
status)
rh_status
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
rh_status_q || exit 0
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
exit 2
esac
其中两句修改为实际对应的路径：
nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
然后保存为/etc/init.d/nginx 并添加执行权限
chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx
chkconfig --add nginx
chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx
5. php与Nginx结合
(a) 修改nginx.conf 文件
如果php和nginx不在同一台机器，php配置文件中要改一下client监听端口，允许nginx访问
打开vim/etc/nginx/nginx.conf,最后面有php配置的案例,去掉注释启用即可
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI serverlistening on 127.0.0.1:9000
location ~ \.php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; #传到哪个服务器
fastcgi_index index.php;
#fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name; #这句是系统默认，有可能会出现错误，修改为下面这句即可
fastcgi_paramSCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params; #使用扩展的fastcgi参数
}
(b) /etc/nginx/下还应该有fastcgi_params文件，它的作用是把当前服务器的信息存放到变量中，传
递给php服务器，让其了解情况
例：其中一行内容：
fastcgi_paramQUERY_STRING $query_string;
最右边$query_string是nginx的变量，赋值给QUERY_STRING
注意：这个文件默认的内容是不适合nginx使用的，会启用不了php的，要做修改
编辑/etc/nginx/fastcgi_params，将其内容更改为如下内容：
fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1; fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx; fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string; fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method; fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type; fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri; fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri; fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root; fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol; fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr; fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port; fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr; fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port; fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;
并在/etc/nginx/nginx.conf所支持的主页面格式中添加php格式的主页，类似如下：
location/ {
root html;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
}
6. 测试
在nginx的网站根目录下新建index.php测试，文件内容如下：
里面附带了测试数据库连接的语句
<?php $conn =mysql_connect('127.0.0.1','root','123456');
if($conn)
echo succ;
else
echo fail;
mysql_close();
phpinfo();
?>
7. 安装过程可能遇到的问题
注意：如果访问http://localhost/index.php出现 File not found 的提示
并且/var/log/nginx/error.log出现一下错误：
2015/11/05 23:23:07[error] 86596#0: *13 FastCGI sent in stderr: "Primary script unknown"while reading response header from upstream, client: 127.0.0.1, server:localhost, request: "GET /index.php HTTP/1.1", upstream:"fastcgi://127.0.0.1:9000", host: "localhost"
故障原因：
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME 告诉fastcgi进程到哪里找到这个文件，当这个param 为/scripts$fastcgi_script_name时，访问index.php 会到 /scripts/index.php 查找这个文件，此时当然找不到了
解决方法：
只要把Nginx配置文件中
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
修改成如下方式（$document_root）即可：
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME$document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
$document_root：当前请求映射到的root配置