本文转自铭哥的帖子http://www.apelearn.com/bbs/thread-8106-1-1.html
本人附注对本shell告警系统的认识。
需求: 使用shell定制各种个性化告警工具,但需要统一化管理、规范化管理。
思路:指定一个脚本包,包含主程序、子程序、配置文件、邮件引擎、输出日志等。
主程序:作为整个脚本的入口,是整个系统的命脉。
配置文件:是一个控制中心,用它来开关各个子程序,指定各个相关联的日志文件。
子程序:这个才是真正的监控脚本,用来监控各个指标。
邮件引擎:是由一个php程序来实现,它可以定义发邮件的服务器、发邮件人以及收邮件人。
输出日志:整个监控系统要有日志输出。
要求:我们的机器角色多种多样,但是所有机器上都要部署同样的监控系统,也就说所有机器不管什么角色,整个程序框架都是一致的,不同的地方在于根据不同的角色,定制不同的配置文件。
程序架构:
(主目录 mon)
____________________|_______________________________
| | | | |
bin conf shares mail log
| | | | |
[main.sh] [ mon.conf] [load.sh 502.sh] [mail.php mail.sh] [ mon.log err.log ]
bin下是主程序
conf下是配置文件
shares下是各个监控脚本
mail下是邮件引擎
log下是日志。
1. main.sh
#!/bin/bash #Written by aming. # 是否发送邮件的开关 export send=1 //对send进行环境变量赋值:1为开,0为关。如果关闭则邮件不会发送,当你已经知道并着手时可以将此设置为0 # 过滤ip地址 export addr=`/sbin/ifconfig |grep -A1 'eth0' |grep addr: |awk '{print $2}'|awk -F: '{print $2}'` //对addr进行环境变量赋值:addr=本机IP dir=`pwd` //dir为当前目录路径 # 只需要最后一级目录名 last_dir=`echo $dir|awk -F'/' '{print $NF}'` //awk出最后一段内容即当前目录 # 下面的判断目的是,保证执行脚本的时候,我们在bin目录里,不然监控脚本、邮件和日志很有可能找不到(但是我觉得这里有bug,万一main.sh的bin目录是在其它路径下呢) if [ $last_dir == "bin" ] || [ $last_dir == "bin/" ]; then conf_file="../conf/mon.conf" //如果目录存在则进行变量赋值 else echo "you shoud cd bin dir" //如果目录不对则在窗口打印出提示,退出主程序 exit fi #目录正确条件下 exec 1>>../log/mon.log 2>>../log/err.log //标准输出追加重定向到mon.log;错误追加到err.log echo "`date +"%F %T"` load average" //打印出 时间 ,执行load.sh脚本 /bin/bash ../shares/load.sh #先检查配置文件中是否需要监控502 if grep -q 'to_mon_502=1' $conf_file; then //grep -q 只作为判断条件,若1则对log进行环境变量赋值,即mon.conf中的/data/log/xxx.xxx.com/access.log,执行502.sh脚本 export log=`grep 'logfile=' $conf_file |awk -F '=' '{print $2}' |sed 's/ //g'` /bin/bash ../shares/502.sh fi
主程序只添加了502监控,根据需求我们可以在mon.conf和main.sh中按模板添加监控项目。但是需要将整个告警系统copy过去,保证系统的完整性。
2. 配置文件 mon.conf
## to config the options if to monitor ## cdb 主要定义mysql的服务器地址、端口以及user、password to_mon_cdb=0 ##0 or 1, default 0,0 not monitor, 1 monitor cdb_ip=10.20.3.13 cdb_port=3315 cdb_user=username cdb_pass=passwd ## httpd 如果是1则监控,为0不监控 to_mon_httpd=0 ## php 如果是1则监控,为0不监控 to_mon_php_socket=0 ## http_code_502 需要定义访问日志的路径 to_mon_502=1 logfile=/data/log/xxx.xxx.com/access.log ## request_count 定义日志路径以及域名 to_mon_request_count=0 req_log=/data/log/www.discuz.net/access.log domainname=www.discuz.net
mon.conf配置文件还是很好理解的。
3. load.sh
#! /bin/bash ##Writen by aming## load=`uptime |awk -F 'average:' '{print $2}'|cut -d',' -f1|sed 's/ //g' |cut -d. -f1` //load是1分钟负载的整数部分数值 if [ $load -gt 20 ] && [ $send -eq "1" ] //如果负载大于20(具体看自己系统硬件条件)且开启发送邮件则将“时间+负载”重定向到load.tmp,执行发送邮件脚本“$1 $2” $3,“$1 $2”是主题,$3是内容,跟mail.sh格式相同 then echo "$addr `date +%T` load is $load" >../log/load.tmp /bin/bash ../mail/mail.sh $addr\_load $load ../log/load.tmp fi echo "`date +%T` load is $load" //打印“时间+负载”
4. 502.sh
#! /bin/bash d=`date -d "-1 min" +%H:%M` //将一分钟前的时间赋值给d c_502=`grep :$d: $log |grep ' 502 '|wc -l` //过滤统计/data/log/xxx.xxx.com/access.log中502的次数 if [ $c_502 -gt 10 ] && [ $send == 1 ]; then //如果502的次数超过10次,即502情况持续了10分钟,且邮件开,则将“IP+时间+502次数”重定向到502.tmp,发送邮件 echo "$addr $d 502 count is $c_502">../log/502.tmp /bin/bash ../mail/mail.sh $addr\_502 $c_502 ../log/502.tmp fi echo "`date +%T` 502 $c_502" //打印“时间+502次数”
*扩展disk.sh
#! /bin/bash ##Writen by aming## rm -f ../log/disk.tmp for r in `df -h |awk -F '[ %]+' '{print $5}'|grep -v Use` //过滤出磁盘Use的三个数据 do if [ $r -gt 90 ] && [ $send -eq "1" ] //如果有数据大于90,且邮件开,则将“时间+Use值追加重定向到disk.tmp(遗憾的是不清楚是哪个盘Use大于90) then echo "$addr `date +%T` disk useage is $r" >>../log/disk.tmp fi if [ -f ../log/disk.tmp ] then df -h >> ../log/disk.tmp /bin/bash ../mail/mail.sh $addr\_disk $r ../log/disk.tmp echo "`date +%T` disk useage is nook" else echo "`date +%T` disk useage is ok" fi
5. mail.php
<?php class Smtp { /* Public Variables */ var $smtp_port; var $time_out; var $host_name; var $log_file; var $relay_host; var $debug; var $auth; var $user; var $pass; /* Private Variables */ var $sock; /* Constractor */ function Smtp($relay_host = "", $smtp_port = 25,$auth = false,$user,$pass) { $this->debug = FALSE; $this->smtp_port = $smtp_port; $this->relay_host = $relay_host; $this->time_out = 30; //is used in fsockopen() # $this->auth = $auth;//auth $this->user = $user; $this->pass = $pass; # $this->host_name = "localhost"; //is used in HELO command $this->log_file = ""; $this->sock = FALSE; } /* Main Function */ function sendmail($to, $from, $subject = "", $body = "", $mailtype, $cc = "", $bcc = "", $additional_headers = "") { $mail_from = $this->get_address($this->strip_comment($from)); $body = ereg_replace("(^|(\r\n))(\.)", "\1.\3", $body); $header = "MIME-Version:1.0\r\n"; if($mailtype=="HTML"){ $header .= "Content-Type:text/html\r\n"; } $header .= "To: ".$to."\r\n"; if ($cc != "") { $header .= "Cc: ".$cc."\r\n"; } $header .= "From: $from<".$from.">\r\n"; $header .= "Subject: ".$subject."\r\n"; $header .= $additional_headers; $header .= "Date: ".date("r")."\r\n"; $header .= "X-Mailer:By Redhat (PHP/".phpversion().")\r\n"; list($msec, $sec) = explode(" ", microtime()); $header .= "Message-ID: <".date("YmdHis", $sec).".".($msec*1000000).".".$mail_from.">\r\n"; $TO = explode(",", $this->strip_comment($to)); if ($cc != "") { $TO = array_merge($TO, explode(",", $this->strip_comment($cc))); } if ($bcc != "") { $TO = array_merge($TO, explode(",", $this->strip_comment($bcc))); } $sent = TRUE; foreach ($TO as $rcpt_to) { $rcpt_to = $this->get_address($rcpt_to); if (!$this->smtp_sockopen($rcpt_to)) { $this->log_write("Error: Cannot send email to ".$rcpt_to."\n"); $sent = FALSE; continue; } if ($this->smtp_send($this->host_name, $mail_from, $rcpt_to, $header, $body)) { $this->log_write("E-mail has been sent to <".$rcpt_to.">\n"); } else { $this->log_write("Error: Cannot send email to <".$rcpt_to.">\n"); $sent = FALSE; } fclose($this->sock); $this->log_write("Disconnected from remote host\n"); } return $sent; } /* Private Functions */ function smtp_send($helo, $from, $to, $header, $body = "") { if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("HELO", $helo)) { return $this->smtp_error("sending HELO command"); } #auth if($this->auth){ if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("AUTH LOGIN", base64_encode($this->user))) { return $this->smtp_error("sending HELO command"); } if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("", base64_encode($this->pass))) { return $this->smtp_error("sending HELO command"); } } # if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("MAIL", "FROM:<".$from.">")) { return $this->smtp_error("sending MAIL FROM command"); } if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("RCPT", "TO:<".$to.">")) { return $this->smtp_error("sending RCPT TO command"); } if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("DATA")) { return $this->smtp_error("sending DATA command"); } if (!$this->smtp_message($header, $body)) { return $this->smtp_error("sending message"); } if (!$this->smtp_eom()) { return $this->smtp_error("sending <CR><LF>.<CR><LF> [EOM]"); } if (!$this->smtp_putcmd("QUIT")) { return $this->smtp_error("sending QUIT command"); } return TRUE; } function smtp_sockopen($address) { if ($this->relay_host == "") { return $this->smtp_sockopen_mx($address); } else { return $this->smtp_sockopen_relay(); } } function smtp_sockopen_relay() { $this->log_write("Trying to ".$this->relay_host.":".$this->smtp_port."\n"); $this->sock = @fsockopen($this->relay_host, $this->smtp_port, $errno, $errstr, $this->time_out); if (!($this->sock && $this->smtp_ok())) { $this->log_write("Error: Cannot connenct to relay host ".$this->relay_host."\n"); $this->log_write("Error: ".$errstr." (".$errno.")\n"); return FALSE; } $this->log_write("Connected to relay host ".$this->relay_host."\n"); return TRUE; } function smtp_sockopen_mx($address) { $domain = ereg_replace("^.+@([^@]+)$", "\1", $address); if (!@getmxrr($domain, $MXHOSTS)) { $this->log_write("Error: Cannot resolve MX \"".$domain."\"\n"); return FALSE; } foreach ($MXHOSTS as $host) { $this->log_write("Trying to ".$host.":".$this->smtp_port."\n"); $this->sock = @fsockopen($host, $this->smtp_port, $errno, $errstr, $this->time_out); if (!($this->sock && $this->smtp_ok())) { $this->log_write("Warning: Cannot connect to mx host ".$host."\n"); $this->log_write("Error: ".$errstr." (".$errno.")\n"); continue; } $this->log_write("Connected to mx host ".$host."\n"); return TRUE; } $this->log_write("Error: Cannot connect to any mx hosts (".implode(", ", $MXHOSTS).")\n"); return FALSE; } function smtp_message($header, $body) { fputs($this->sock, $header."\r\n".$body); $this->smtp_debug("> ".str_replace("\r\n", "\n"."> ", $header."\n> ".$body."\n> ")); return TRUE; } function smtp_eom() { fputs($this->sock, "\r\n.\r\n"); $this->smtp_debug(". [EOM]\n"); return $this->smtp_ok(); } function smtp_ok() { $response = str_replace("\r\n", "", fgets($this->sock, 512)); $this->smtp_debug($response."\n"); if (!ereg("^[23]", $response)) { fputs($this->sock, "QUIT\r\n"); fgets($this->sock, 512); $this->log_write("Error: Remote host returned \"".$response."\"\n"); return FALSE; } return TRUE; } function smtp_putcmd($cmd, $arg = "") { if ($arg != "") { if($cmd=="") $cmd = $arg; else $cmd = $cmd." ".$arg; } fputs($this->sock, $cmd."\r\n"); $this->smtp_debug("> ".$cmd."\n"); return $this->smtp_ok(); } function smtp_error($string) { $this->log_write("Error: Error occurred while ".$string.".\n"); return FALSE; } function log_write($message) { $this->smtp_debug($message); if ($this->log_file == "") { return TRUE; } $message = date("M d H:i:s ").get_current_user()."[".getmypid()."]: ".$message; if (!@file_exists($this->log_file) || !($fp = @fopen($this->log_file, "a"))) { $this->smtp_debug("Warning: Cannot open log file \"".$this->log_file."\"\n"); return FALSE;; } flock($fp, LOCK_EX); fputs($fp, $message); fclose($fp); return TRUE; } function strip_comment($address) { $comment = "\([^()]*\)"; while (ereg($comment, $address)) { $address = ereg_replace($comment, "", $address); } return $address; } function get_address($address) { $address = ereg_replace("([ \t\r\n])+", "", $address); $address = ereg_replace("^.*<(.+)>.*$", "\1", $address); return $address; } function smtp_debug($message) { if ($this->debug) { echo $message; } } } $file = $argv[2]; $smtpserver = "smtp.qq.com";//SMTP服务器 $smtpserverport = "25";//SMTP服务器端口 $smtpusermail = "[email protected]";//SMTP服务器的用户邮箱 $smtpemailto = "[email protected]";//发送给谁 $smtpuser = "1198658";//SMTP服务器的用户帐号 $smtppass = "1212lss";//SMTP服务器的用户密码(这个密码是邮箱的独立秘密,而不是邮箱的登陆密码) $mailsubject = $argv[1];//邮件主题 $mailbody = file_get_contents($file);//邮件内容 $mailtype = "HTML";//邮件格式(HTML/TXT),TXT为文本邮件 $smtp = new smtp($smtpserver,$smtpserverport,true,$smtpuser,$smtppass);//这里面的一个true是表示使用身份验证,否则不使用身份验证. //$smtp->debug = TRUE;//是否显示发送的调试信息 $smtp->sendmail($smtpemailto, $smtpusermail, $mailsubject, $mailbody, $mailtype); ?>
好吧,不懂php,只能将下面的参数理一理。
要想发邮件的话,首先要有php支持,若你没有安装过lamp或者lnmp,则需要运行yum install -y php 安装。
然后运行 php mail.php "邮箱主题写在这里" "/tmp/test.txt" 。其中,/tmp/test.txt 内容为邮件内容。
6. mail.sh
log=$1 //$1是发送邮件时的$1,比如502.sh中的$addr\_502 t_s=`date +%s` //记录当前时间 t_s2=`date -d "2 hours ago" +%s` //记录2个小时之前的时间 if [ ! -f /tmp/$log ] //如果文件不存在,则将2个小时之前的时间重定向到这个文件 then echo $t_s2 > /tmp/$log fi t_s2=`tail -1 /tmp/$log|awk '{print $1}'` //如果文件存在,将这个文件最后一个时间赋值给ts_2 echo $t_s>>/tmp/$log //将当前时间追加重定向到这个文件中 v=$[$t_s-$t_s2] //记录俩次时间的间隔 echo $v if [ $v -gt 3600 ]//第一次执行这个脚本时,因为/tmp/$log的最后一个时间是2个小时之前,相当于7200,肯定是大于3600的,所以会先发送一份邮件;但如果后面一直报警(要注意的是我们在crontab任务计划中是1分钟执行一次main.sh),$v会小于3600也就是1小时,则脚本会不发送邮件,而对$log.txt里的数值从0进行累加,直到大于10,再发送一封邮件,并重新将0重定向到$log.txt,等待下一轮10 then /dir/to/php ../mail/mail.php "$1 $2" "$3" echo "0" > /tmp/$log.txt else if [ ! -f /tmp/$log.txt ] then echo "0" > /tmp/$log.txt fi nu=`cat /tmp/$log.txt` nu2=$[$nu+1] echo $nu2>/tmp/$log.txt if [ $nu2 -gt 10 ] then /dir/to/php ../mail/mail.php "trouble continue 10 min $1 $2 " "$3" echo "0" > /tmp/$log.txt fi fi
这是本人对告警系统的理解,若有不对的地方,望提出改正,谢谢!