Linux系统卸载软件包忽略其依赖性
Linux系统卸载软件包忽略其依赖性
今天搭建了RHEL4环境想把LAMP做一下，默认RHEL4系统中已经安装了apache、php和mysql，我们必须把他卸载掉。大家可能知道卸载软件包可以使用rpm —e，其实我和大家想的一样，但是基于包之间的依赖性无法使用rpm -e直接卸载。如下图所示：
这可怎么办呢？可把我急坏了。有一个坏的想法在我脑海中浮现，把这个虚拟机删除掉从新建立一个新的虚拟机，可是这个方法太笨了、太土了、也不太显示。
于是使用rpm --help查看了rpm命令查找帮助。如下所示
[root@localhost ~]# rpm --help
Usage: rpm [OPTION...]
Query options (with -q or --query):
-c, --configfiles list all configuration files
-d, --docfiles list all documentation files
--dump dump basic file information
-l, --list list files in package
--queryformat=QUERYFORMAT use the following query format
-s, --state display the states of the listed files
-a, --all query/verify all packages
-f, --file query/verify package(s) owning file
-g, --group query/verify package(s) in group
-p, --package query/verify a package file
--specfile query a spec file
--whatrequires query/verify the package(s) which require a
dependency
--whatprovides query/verify the package(s) which provide a
dependency
Verify options (with -V or --verify):
--nomd5 don't verify MD5 digest of files
--nofiles don't verify files in package
--nodeps don't verify package dependencies
--noscript don't execute verify script(s)
-a, --all query/verify all packages
-f, --file query/verify package(s) owning file
-g, --group query/verify package(s) in group
-p, --package query/verify a package file
--specfile query a spec file
--whatrequires query/verify the package(s) which require a
dependency
--whatprovides query/verify the package(s) which provide a
dependency
Signature options:
--addsign sign package(s) (identical to --resign)
-K, --checksig verify package signature(s)
--import import an armored public key
--resign sign package(s) (identical to --addsign)
--nodigest don't verify package digest(s)
--nosignature don't verify package signature(s)
Database options:
--initdb initialize database
--rebuilddb rebuild database inverted lists from
installed package headers
Install/Upgrade/Erase options:
--aid add suggested packages to transaction
--allfiles install all files, even configurations
which might otherwise be skipped
--allmatches remove all packages which match <package>
(normally an error is generated if
<package> specified multiple packages)
--badreloc relocate files in non-relocatable package
-e, --erase=<package>+ erase (uninstall) package
--excludedocs do not install documentation
--excludepath=<path> skip files with leading component <path>
--fileconflicts detect file conflicts between packages
--force short hand for --replacepkgs --replacefiles
-F, --freshen=<packagefile>+ upgrade package(s) if already installed
-h, --hash print hash marks as package installs (good
with -v)
--ignorearch don't verify package architecture
--ignoreos don't verify package operating system
--ignoresize don't check disk space before installing
-i, --install install package(s)
--justdb update the database, but do not modify the
filesystem
--nodeps do not verify package dependencies
--nomd5 don't verify MD5 digest of files
--nocontexts don't install file security contexts
--noorder do not reorder package installation to
satisfy dependencies
--nosuggest do not suggest missing dependency
resolution(s)
--noscripts do not execute package scriptlet(s)
--notriggers do not execute any scriptlet(s) triggered
by this package
--oldpackage upgrade to an old version of the package
(--force on upgrades does this
automatically)
--percent print percentages as package installs
--prefix=<dir> relocate the package to <dir>, if
relocatable
--relocate=<old>=<new> relocate files from path <old> to <new>
--repackage save erased package files by repackaging
--replacefiles ignore file conflicts between packages
--replacepkgs reinstall if the package is already present
--test don't install, but tell if it would work or
not
-U, --upgrade=<packagefile>+ upgrade package(s)
Common options for all rpm modes:
-D, --define='MACRO EXPR' define MACRO with value EXPR
-E, --eval='EXPR' print macro expansion of EXPR
--macros=<FILE:...> read <FILE:...> instead of default file(s)
--nodigest don't verify package digest(s)
--nosignature don't verify package signature(s)
--rcfile=<FILE:...> read <FILE:...> instead of default file(s)
-r, --root=ROOT use ROOT as top level directory (default:
"/")
--querytags display known query tags
--showrc display final rpmrc and macro configuration
--quiet provide less detailed output
-v, --verbose provide more detailed output
--version print the version of rpm being used
Options implemented via popt alias/exec:
--scripts list install/erase scriptlets from
package(s)
--setperms set permissions of files in a package
--setugids set user/group ownership of files in a
package
--conflicts list capabilities this package conflicts
with
--obsoletes list other packages removed by installing
this package
--provides list capabilities that this package provides
--requires list capabilities required by package(s)
--info list descriptive information from package(s)
--changelog list change logs for this package
--triggers list trigger scriptlets from package(s)
--last list package(s) by install time, most
recent first
--filesbypkg list all files from each package
--fileclass list file names with classes
--filecolor list file names with colors
--filecontext list file names with security context from
header
--fscontext list file names with security context from
file system
--recontext list file names with security context from
policy RE
--fileprovide list file names with provides
--filerequire list file names with requires
--redhatprovides find package name that contains a provided
capability (needs rpmdb-redhat package
installed)
--redhatrequires find package name that contains a required
capability (needs rpmdb-redhat package
installed)
--buildpolicy=<policy> set buildroot <policy> (e.g. compress man
pages)
--with=<option> enable configure <option> for build
--without=<option> disable configure <option> for build
Help options:
-?, --help Show this help message
--usage Display brief usage message
***************************************************************
在帮助文档的第二十行，发现了一条帮助信息，如下所示：
--nodeps don't verify package dependencies
这个参数的意思是：忽略包之间的依赖性。
哈哈！这就是我要找的功能，真是踏破铁鞋无觅处；得来全不费工夫！说时迟那时快，于是使用rpm -e --nodeps+包名开始卸载这三个软件。在卸载的过程当中如果没有任何提示说明已经成功卸载。还好！一切万事大吉，现在我就可以开始我的LAMP之旅了！
希望这点小经验可以帮助更多迷茫中的人们！
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