使用PXE和Kickstart批量部署ESXi4.1

使用PXE和Kickstart批量部署ESXi4.1

摘要

参考文章:

http://communities.vmware.com/blogs/vmwareinsmb/2010/07/13/esxi-41-scripted-installation-via-pxe-and-kickstart

配置DHCP

配置TFTP

配置Kickstart

需要的环境

Redhat 5.2--[红帽企业.Linux.5].TLF-SOFT-RedHat.Enterprise.Linux.5.Update.2-XiSO.iso

DHCP Server--Rhel5.2自带

TFTP Server--Rhel5.2自带

Web Server--Rhel5.2自带

Syslinux/pxeboot.0--Rhel5.2自带

ESXi_4.1.iso--官网下载

环境准备

yum install dhcp.i386 tftp-server.i386 syslinux.i386 httpd.i386

配置DHCP服务器

[root@vmrhel5 ~]# more /etc/dhcpd.conf

ddns-update-style interim;

ignore client-updates;

allow bootp;

subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

option routers 192.168.1.1;

option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;

option domain-name "vm.com";

option domain-name-servers 192.168.1.21;

option time-offset -18000; # Eastern Standard Time

range dynamic-bootp 192.168.1.60 192.168.1.70;

filename "pxelinux.0";

next-server 192.168.1.4;

default-lease-time 21600;

max-lease-time 43200;

}

配置TFTP服务器

[root@vmrhel5 ~]# more /etc/xinetd.d/tftp

# default: off

# description: The tftp server serves files using the trivial file transfer \

# protocol. The tftp protocol is often used to boot diskless \

# workstations, download configuration files to network-aware printers, \

# and to start the installation process for some operating systems.

service tftp

{

disable = no

socket_type = dgram

protocol = udp

wait = yes

user = root

server = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd

server_args = -s /tftpboot

per_source = 11

cps = 100 2

flags = IPv4

}

Tftp Server 的根目录是/tftpboot

[root@vmlinux /]# cp /usr/lib/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /tftpboot/

[root@vmlinux tftpboot]# mkdir pxelinux.cfg

[root@vmlinux tftpboot]# mkdir -p vmware/esxi4.1

挂载Esxi4.1安装光盘到/mnt/cdrom目录

[root@vmlinux tftpboot]# cp -r /mnt/cdrom/* /tftpboot/vmware/esxi4.1/

[root@vmlinux tftpboot]# cd pxelinux.cfg/

[root@vmlinux pxelinux.cfg]# touch default

[root@vmrhel5 pxelinux.cfg]# more /tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default

Default vmware/esxi4.1/menu.c32

menu title VMware Boot Menu

timeout 600

Label ESXi_4.1_Install

menu title VMware Boot Menu

kernel vmware/esxi4.1/mboot.c32

append vmware/esxi4.1/vmkboot.gz ks=http://192.168.1.4/ks-esxi4.1.cfg --- vmware/esxi4.1/vmkernel.gz --- vmware/esxi4.1/sys.vgz --- vmware/esxi4.1/cim.vgz --- vmware/esxi4.1/ienviron.vgz --- vmware/esxi4.1/install.vgz

配置kickstart和apache

将ks.cfg文件放在网站目录下

[root@vmrhel5 ~]# cd /var/www/html

目录下有配置好的文件

[root@vmrhel5 html]# ls

ks-esxi4.1.cfg vmware

[root@vmrhel5 html]# ls -la

total 12

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 10 20:06 .

drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 Oct 10 20:06 ..

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 127 Oct 10 19:52 ks-esxi4.1.cfg

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 24 Oct 10 20:06 vmware -> /tftpboot/vmware/esxi4.1

软链接vmware已经创建

ln -s /tftpboot/vmware/esxi4.1 vmware

[root@vmrhel5 html]# more ks-esxi4.1.cfg

accepteula

rootpw password

autopart --firstdisk --overwritevmfs

install url http://192.168.1.4/vmware

network --bootproto=dhcp

启动相关服务

DHCP服务器

service dhcpd start 或者 service dhcpd restart

TFTP服务器

Service xinetd restart

Apache服务器

Service httpd restart

安装ESXi4.1测试

安装过程无需人工干预只需数分钟就可完成安装