这篇单单记录一下个人配置使用quartz的JDBC JobStoreTX的过程以及其中遇到的问题,这里的quartz是version2.2.1,数据库使用的mysql。
JDBCJobStore储存是速度比较慢的,但是也不至于很坏,通过JDBCJobStore储存于数据库的方式适用于Oracle,PostgreSQL, MySQL, MS SQLServer, HSQLDB, DB2等数据库。
在下载的文件的docs/dbTables目录下有对应建表语句,如果没有对应于应用的就自己改动来适应。这些个表都有"QRTZ"前缀,可以作为区别于别的命名。
如果你不需要绑定其他事务处理,你可以选择quartz的事务,其通过JobStoreTX来管理,这也是常用的选择,当然如果你要和你的应用容器一起管理,那你可以使用quartz的
JobStoreCMT,quartz通过JobStoreCMT来的使用来让你的应用容器管理quartz的事务。
一个是提供一个connection,让quartz可以连接到数据库,另一个是提供的JNDI的方式,让quartz可以从所在容器中获取到。
使用JDBC连接方式(假设你使用的是StdSchedulerFactory):
首先:
org.quartz.jobStore.class = org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.JobStoreTX
或者
org.quartz.jobStore.class = org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.JobStoreCMT
这里当然选择JobStoreTX。
其次:
选定JDBC代理类,quartz里提供了StdJDBCDelegate,如果这个不能正常工作的,你可以选用其他代理类(在org.quar.impl.jdbcjobstore package或者其子包中可以找到),包括DB2v6Delegate (for DB2 version 6 and earlier), HSQLDBDelegate (for HSQLDB),MSSQLDelegate (for Microsoft SQLServer), PostgreSQLDelegate (for PostgreSQL),
WeblogicDelegate (for using JDBC drivers made by WebLogic), OracleDelegate (for using Oracle)等等。
并这样配置:
org.quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateClass = org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate
第三:
指定前缀
org.quartz.jobStore.tablePrefix = QRTZ_
第四:
指定数据源名称:
org.quartz.jobStore.dataSource = myDS
第五:定义ConnectionProvider的实现类
这里我找了一下,quartz提供了一个org.quartz.utils.PoolingConnectionProvider,于是,我就有了如下配置:
org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.connectionProvider.class:org.quartz.utils.PoolingConnectionProvider
第六:配置数据源属性
org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.driver: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/quartz?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.user: root
org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.password: root
org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.maxConnections = 30
完事,使用最简单的一个例子来跑跑,可是报错了……
Caused by: java.lang.InstantiationException: org.quartz.utils.PoolingConnectionProvider
at java.lang.Class.newInstance(Unknown Source)
at org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory.instantiate(StdSchedulerFactory.java:936)
... 3 more
跟了一下源码得到详细一点的原因:
ConnectionProvider cp = null;
try {
cp = (ConnectionProvider) loadHelper.loadClass(cpClass).newInstance();
} catch (Exception e) {
initException = new SchedulerException("ConnectionProvider class '" + cpClass
+ "' could not be instantiated.", e);
throw initException;
}
红色那行报的:
org.eclipse.debug.core.DebugException: com.sun.jdi.ClassNotLoadedException: Type has not been loaded occurred while retrieving component type of array.
百度了一把,没什么收获,看看文档,只说定义自己的这个类,但是为啥,也没有代码,为什么不告诉直接用上述的那个provider呢?
直接测试一下loadclass("org.quartz.utils.PoolingConnectionProvider");是没有问题的,那就是newInstance();的时候有问题咯。靠谱的还是JDK文档,立马去看一下,果然有收获:创建此Class 对象所表示的类的一个新实例。如同用一个带有一个空参数列表的 new
表达式实例化该类。如果该类尚未初始化,则初始化这个类。
如同空参数……
肯定是那个provider没有提供无参构造……再去看看呢,果然没有,好吧,我承认我懒了那么一丢丢。
那我再找找有没有其他的用于设置这个的吧,居然没有找到(估计没有找仔细),还是得定义一个自己的provider,没事,就参考这个provider,还是用C3P0来定义呗。
定义好后,来试试,果然顶用。以下是我的可运行代码:
quartz.properties
# Default Properties file for use by StdSchedulerFactory # to create a Quartz Scheduler Instance, if a different # properties file is not explicitly specified. # org.quartz.scheduler.instanceName: DefaultQuartzScheduler org.quartz.scheduler.rmi.export: false org.quartz.scheduler.rmi.proxy: false org.quartz.scheduler.wrapJobExecutionInUserTransaction: false org.quartz.threadPool.class: org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool org.quartz.threadPool.threadCount: 10 org.quartz.threadPool.threadPriority: 5 org.quartz.threadPool.threadsInheritContextClassLoaderOfInitializingThread: false org.quartz.jobStore.misfireThreshold: 60000 org.quartz.jobStore.class: org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.JobStoreTX org.quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateClass: org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate org.quartz.jobStore.tablePrefix: QRTZ_ org.quartz.jobStore.dataSource: myDS org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.connectionProvider.class: org.quartz.examples.example17.MyPoolingconnectionProvider org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.driver: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/quartz?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8 org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.user: root org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.password: root org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.maxConnections: 30
MyPoolingconnectionProvider.java
package org.quartz.examples.example17; import java.beans.PropertyVetoException; import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.SQLException; import org.quartz.SchedulerException; import org.quartz.utils.ConnectionProvider; import com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource; /** * * @author wz * */ public class MyPoolingconnectionProvider implements ConnectionProvider { /** Default maximum number of database connections in the pool. */ public static final int DEFAULT_DB_MAX_CONNECTIONS = 10; /** Default maximum number of database connections in the pool. */ public static final int DEFAULT_DB_MAX_CACHED_STATEMENTS_PER_CONNECTION = 120; private String driver; private String url; private String user; private String password; private int maxConnections; private int maxCachedStatementsPerConnection; private int maxIdleSeconds; private String validationQuery; private int idleConnectionValidationSeconds; private boolean validateOnCheckout; private String discardIdleConnectionsSeconds; private ComboPooledDataSource datasource; /** * 无参构造,必须要有[没有其他构造的话也可以不写] */ public MyPoolingconnectionProvider() { } public Connection getConnection() throws SQLException { return datasource.getConnection(); } public void shutdown() throws SQLException { datasource.close(); } /** * 初始化方法,应该在调用其setter后调用 */ public void initialize() throws SQLException { if (this.url == null) { throw new SQLException("DBPool could not be created: DB URL cannot be null"); } if (this.driver == null) { throw new SQLException("DBPool driver could not be created: DB driver class name cannot be null!"); } if (this.maxConnections < 0) { throw new SQLException("DBPool maxConnectins could not be created: Max connections must be greater than zero!"); } datasource = new ComboPooledDataSource(); try { datasource.setDriverClass(this.driver); } catch (PropertyVetoException e) { try { throw new SchedulerException("Problem setting driver class name on datasource: " + e.getMessage(), e); } catch (SchedulerException e1) { } } datasource.setJdbcUrl(this.url); datasource.setUser(this.user); datasource.setPassword(this.password); datasource.setMaxPoolSize(this.maxConnections); datasource.setMinPoolSize(1); datasource.setMaxIdleTime(maxIdleSeconds); datasource.setMaxStatementsPerConnection(this.maxCachedStatementsPerConnection); if (this.validationQuery != null) { datasource.setPreferredTestQuery(this.validationQuery); if (!validateOnCheckout) datasource.setTestConnectionOnCheckin(true); else datasource.setTestConnectionOnCheckout(true); datasource.setIdleConnectionTestPeriod(this.idleConnectionValidationSeconds); } } /*------------------------------------------------- * * setters 如果有必要,你可以添加一些getter * ------------------------------------------------ */ public void setDriver(String driver) { this.driver = driver; } public void setUrl(String url) { this.url = url; } public void setUser(String user) { this.user = user; } public void setPassword(String password) { this.password = password; } public void setMaxConnections(int maxConnections) { this.maxConnections = maxConnections; } public void setMaxCachedStatementsPerConnection(int maxCachedStatementsPerConnection) { this.maxCachedStatementsPerConnection = maxCachedStatementsPerConnection; } public void setMaxIdleSeconds(int maxIdleSeconds) { this.maxIdleSeconds = maxIdleSeconds; } public void setValidationQuery(String validationQuery) { this.validationQuery = validationQuery; } public void setIdleConnectionValidationSeconds(int idleConnectionValidationSeconds) { this.idleConnectionValidationSeconds = idleConnectionValidationSeconds; } public void setValidateOnCheckout(boolean validateOnCheckout) { this.validateOnCheckout = validateOnCheckout; } public void setDiscardIdleConnectionsSeconds(String discardIdleConnectionsSeconds) { this.discardIdleConnectionsSeconds = discardIdleConnectionsSeconds; } public void setDatasource(ComboPooledDataSource datasource) { this.datasource = datasource; } protected ComboPooledDataSource getDataSource() { return datasource; } }
SimpleExample.java
package org.quartz.examples.example17; import java.util.Date; import org.quartz.DateBuilder; import org.quartz.JobBuilder; import org.quartz.JobDetail; import org.quartz.Scheduler; import org.quartz.SchedulerFactory; import org.quartz.TriggerBuilder; import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory; import org.quartz.impl.triggers.SimpleTriggerImpl; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; public class SimpleExample { public void run() throws Exception { Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SimpleExample.class); log.info("------- Initializing ----------------------"); //通过调度器工厂获取调度器,初始化工程时须指定其使用我们自己的配置文件 SchedulerFactory sf = new StdSchedulerFactory("org/quartz/examples/example17/quartz.properties"); Scheduler sched = sf.getScheduler(); //这儿clear一下,因为使用数据库储存方式时,shutdown的时候没有清除,第二次运行会报Job is already exist sched.clear(); log.info("------- Initialization Complete -----------"); Date runTime = DateBuilder.evenMinuteDate(new Date()); log.info("------- Scheduling Job -------------------"); //创建任务详情 JobDetail job = JobBuilder.newJob(HelloJob.class).withIdentity("job1", "group1").build(); //创建触发器 SimpleTriggerImpl trigger = (SimpleTriggerImpl)TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity("trigger1", "group1").startAt(new Date()).build(); trigger.setRepeatCount(5); trigger.setRepeatInterval(3000); log.info("------- Starttime = "+trigger.getStartTime()+" -----------------"); //调度器、触发器、任务,三者关联 sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger); log.info(job.getKey() + " will run at: " + runTime); //调度启动 sched.start(); log.info("------- Started Scheduler -----------------"); log.info("------- Waiting 1 minute... -------------"); try { Thread.sleep(60000L); } catch (Exception e) { } log.info("------- Shutting Down ---------------------"); //调度关闭 sched.shutdown(true); log.info("------- Shutdown Complete -----------------"); } public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { SimpleExample example = new SimpleExample(); example.run(); } }
当然,运行example之前,得先添加mysql的driver的包,然后在mysql里建立一个叫“quartz”的database,并将docs/dbTables下的tables_mysql.sql脚本运行一下以建表。
注意:
1) org.quartz.jobStore.class: org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.JobStoreTX,这个配置在这儿当然是用这个,
而org.quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateClass: org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate则根据你的数据,通常使用当前这个,如果这个不适用就去quartz里org.quar.impl.jdbcjobstore包或其子包下找找,如还是未能满足需求,就自己实现一个。
2) org.quartz.jobStore.tablePrefix: QRTZ_,这个是quartz默认的,tables_mysql.sql以及一些其他操作(比如clear等)的代码都这样写了,所以就不要去修改了。
3) org.quartz.jobStore.dataSource: myDS这个的“键”必须是org.quartz.jobStore.dataSource,而“值”随你取,但必须有。
4) dataSource的属性配置,如下几个(可以自己添加其他的对应修改provider):
org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.connectionProvider.class: org.quartz.examples.example17.MyPoolingconnectionProvider org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.driver: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/quartz?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8 org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.user: root org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.password: root org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.maxConnections: 30
它们的“键”必须是
org.quartz.dataSource."+yourdatasourcename+"."+yourProvider#datamembername
原因如下:
String[] dsNames = cfg.getPropertyGroups(PROP_DATASOURCE_PREFIX); for (int i = 0; i < dsNames.length; i++) { PropertiesParser pp = new PropertiesParser(cfg.getPropertyGroup( PROP_DATASOURCE_PREFIX + "." + dsNames[i], true)); String cpClass = pp.getStringProperty(PROP_CONNECTION_PROVIDER_CLASS, null); // custom connectionProvider... if(cpClass != null) { ConnectionProvider cp = null; try { cp = (ConnectionProvider) loadHelper.loadClass(cpClass).newInstance(); } catch (Exception e) { initException = new SchedulerException("ConnectionProvider class '" + cpClass + "' could not be instantiated.", e); throw initException; } try { // remove the class name, so it isn't attempted to be set pp.getUnderlyingProperties().remove( PROP_CONNECTION_PROVIDER_CLASS); setBeanProps(cp, pp.getUnderlyingProperties()); cp.initialize(); } catch (Exception e) { initException = new SchedulerException("ConnectionProvider class '" + cpClass + "' props could not be configured.", e); throw initException; } dbMgr = DBConnectionManager.getInstance(); dbMgr.addConnectionProvider(dsNames[i], cp); }