Nginx搭建反向代理服务器过程详解 - Windows

 本文主要是Nginx做一个简单的反向服务器代理和静态文件缓存。

反向代理(Reverse Proxy)方式是指以代理服务器来接受internet上的连接请求,然后将请求转发给内部网络上的服务器,并将从服务器上得到的结果返回给internet上请求连接的客户端,此时代理服务器对外就表现为一个服务器

我们就开始动手吧。

1. Vistudio 创建两个简单的 WebApplication (Web Forms),一个叫WebApplication1,一个叫 WebApplication2. 为了区别两个应用程序,把default页面做一些修改,用来识别。

比如添加 Application One, Application Two等。

2. 发布两个工程,然后IIS添加两个站点,端口分别用 8050,8060.

3. 测试站点, 输入 http://localhost:8050,http://localhost:8060,均能正常访问

4. 下载安装 Nginx,参考上一篇文章,我这里监听的是 2016端口

5. 找到 c:\nginx-1.9.9\conf\nginx.conf 文件,修改如下 

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

error_log  logs/error.log;
error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;


	upstream windowsapp.com{
	    server 127.0.0.1:8050 weight=1;
	    server 127.0.0.1:8060 weight=1; 
	}


    server {
        listen       2016;
        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        #location / {
        #    root   html;
        #    index  index.html index.htm;
        #}

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}


	location / {
	    proxy_pass http://windowsapp.com;
	}

	location ~ \.(css)$ {
	    root /nginx-1.9.9/staticfiles/;	    
	    expires 7d;		
	   
	}

	location ~ \.(js)$ {
	    root /nginx-1.9.9/staticfiles/;	   
	    expires 7d;
		
	    
	}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }


    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

}

  关注点:

  1. http 下 server listen 配置为 2016,表示监听 2016端口

     2. upstream集群 ,这个需要配置在http里面的server外面,也就是和 server同级别

    upstream windowsapp.com{
        server 127.0.0.1:8050 weight=1;
        server 127.0.0.1:8060 weight=1; 
    }

       3. location 配置 proxy  

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://windowsapp.com;
    }

  这时候,你访问 http://localhost:2016,有时候会访问的是 8050,有时候是 8060的网站了。

  你修改完毕 conf文件后可能要重启,打开cmd 

   cd c:\nginx-1.9.9

   nginx -s reload

  执行完毕就Ok了。

静态文件缓存配置

  1. 把 CSS 和 js以及图片拷贝到 c:\nginx-1.9.9\staticfiles

  2. 在sever里面添加如下配置,重启 nginx,请注意下面是 root,

   也就是说, scripts/jquery.js 会请求  /nginx-1.9.9/staticfiles/scripts/jquery.js,亲,小心哦。

      你可以随便修改,配置一个错误的,你就会发现 js和css就请求不到了。

    location ~ \.(css)$ {
        root /nginx-1.9.9/staticfiles/;        
        expires 7d;        
       
    }

    location ~ \.(js)$ {
        root /nginx-1.9.9/staticfiles/;       
        expires 7d;    
        
    }

这时候,你就已经缓存 js和css文件了,时间是7d。 

 

 

参考:

Nginx搭建反向代理服务器过程详解:http://www.open-open.com/lib/view/open1417488526633.html

Nginx静态文件处理:http://m.blog.csdn.net/blog/kun20031029/25398049

Simple Load Balancing: https://www.nginx.com/resources/wiki/start/topics/examples/loadbalanceexample/

nginx 集群报"upstream" directive is not allowed here 错:

http://www.jiucool.org/blog/nginx-cluster-reported-upstream-directive-is-not-allowed-here-error/

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