估算学习时间:共8小时
读书:1
代码:4
作业:1
博客:2
实际学习时间:共7小时
读书:1
代码:3
作业:1
博客:2
1 理解I/O代码
代码阅读理解:
cp1.c
echostate.c
fileinfo.c
filesize.c
ls1.c
ls2.c
setecho.c
spwd.c
testioctl.c
who1.c
who2.c
教材第八章《异常控制流》
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
define BUFFERSIZE 4096
#define COPYMODE 0644
void oops(char *, char *);
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int in_fd, out_fd, n_chars;
char buf[BUFFERSIZE];
if (argc != 3)
{
fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s source destination\n", *argv);
exit(1);
}
if ((in_fd = open(argv[1], O_RDONLY)) == -1)
oops("Cannot open ", argv[1]);
if ((out_fd = creat(argv[2], COPYMODE)) == -1)
oops("Cannot creat", argv[2]);
while ((n_chars = read(in_fd, buf, BUFFERSIZE)) > 0)
if (write(out_fd, buf, n_chars) != n_chars)
oops("Write error to ", argv[2]);
if (n_chars == -1)
oops("Read error from ", argv[1]);
if (close(in_fd) == -1 || close(out_fd) == -1)
oops("Error closing files", "");
}
void oops(char *s1, char *s2)
{
fprintf(stderr, "Error: %s ", s1);
perror(s2);
exit(1);
}
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
void show_stat_info(char *, struct stat *);
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
struct stat info;
if (argc>1)
{
if( stat(argv[1], &info) != -1 ){
show_stat_info( argv[1], &info );
return 0;
}
else
perror(argv[1]);
}
return 1;
}
void show_stat_info(char *fname, struct stat *buf)
{
printf(" mode: %o\n", buf->st_mode);
printf(" links: %d\n", buf->st_nlink);
printf(" user: %d\n", buf->st_uid);
printf(" group: %d\n", buf->st_gid);
printf(" size: %d\n", (int)buf->st_size);
printf("modtime: %d\n", (int)buf->st_mtime);
printf(" name: %s\n", fname );
}
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <dirent.h>
void do_ls(char []);
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
if ( argc == 1 )
do_ls( "." );
else
while ( --argc ){
printf("%s:\n", *++argv );
do_ls( *argv );
}
return 0;
}
void do_ls( char dirname[] )
{
DIR *dir_ptr;
struct dirent *direntp;
if ( ( dir_ptr = opendir( dirname ) ) == NULL )
fprintf(stderr,"ls1: cannot open %s\n", dirname);
else
{
while ( ( direntp = readdir( dir_ptr ) ) != NULL )
printf("%s\n", direntp->d_name );
closedir(dir_ptr);
}
}
#include <stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
void do_ls(char[]);
void dostat(char *);
void show_file_info( char *, struct stat *);
void mode_to_letters( int , char [] );
char *uid_to_name( uid_t );
char *gid_to_name( gid_t );
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
if ( argc == 1 )
do_ls( "." );
else
while ( --argc ){
printf("%s:\n", *++argv );
do_ls( *argv );
}
return 0;
}
void do_ls( char dirname[] )
{
DIR *dir_ptr;
struct dirent *direntp;
if ( ( dir_ptr = opendir( dirname ) ) == NULL )
fprintf(stderr,"ls1: cannot open %s\n", dirname);
else
{
while ( ( direntp = readdir( dir_ptr ) ) != NULL )
dostat( direntp->d_name );
closedir(dir_ptr);
}
}
void dostat( char *filename )
{
struct stat info;
if ( stat(filename, &info) == -1 )
perror( filename );
else
show_file_info( filename, &info );
}
void show_file_info( char *filename, struct stat *info_p )
{
char *uid_to_name(), *ctime(), *gid_to_name(), *filemode();
void mode_to_letters();
charmodestr[11];
mode_to_letters( info_p->st_mode, modestr );
printf( "%s", modestr );
printf( "%4d " , (int) info_p->st_nlink);
printf( "%-8s " , uid_to_name(info_p->st_uid) );
printf( "%-8s " , gid_to_name(info_p->st_gid) );
printf( "%8ld " , (long)info_p->st_size);
printf( "%.12s ", 4+ctime(&info_p->st_mtime));
printf( "%s\n" , filename );
}
void mode_to_letters( int mode, char str[] )
{
strcpy( str, "----------" );
if ( S_ISDIR(mode) ) str[0] = 'd';
if ( S_ISCHR(mode) ) str[0] = 'c';
if ( S_ISBLK(mode) ) str[0] = 'b';
if ( mode & S_IRUSR ) str[1] = 'r';
if ( mode & S_IWUSR ) str[2] = 'w';
if ( mode & S_IXUSR ) str[3] = 'x';
if ( mode & S_IRGRP ) str[4] = 'r';
if ( mode & S_IWGRP ) str[5] = 'w';
if ( mode & S_IXGRP ) str[6] = 'x';
if ( mode & S_IROTH ) str[7] = 'r';
if ( mode & S_IWOTH ) str[8] = 'w';
if ( mode & S_IXOTH ) str[9] = 'x';
}
#include <pwd.h>
char *uid_to_name( uid_t uid )
{
struct passwd *getpwuid(), *pw_ptr;
static char numstr[10];
if ( ( pw_ptr = getpwuid( uid ) ) == NULL ){
sprintf(numstr,"%d", uid);
return numstr;
}
else
return pw_ptr->pw_name ;
}
#include <grp.h>
char *gid_to_name( gid_t gid )
{
struct group *getgrgid(), *grp_ptr;
static char numstr[10];
if ( ( grp_ptr = getgrgid(gid) ) == NULL ){
sprintf(numstr,"%d", gid);
return numstr;
}
else
return grp_ptr->gr_name;
}
#include <stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <dirent.h>
ino_t get_inode(char *);
voidprintpathto(ino_t);
voidinum_to_name(ino_t , char *, int );
int main()
{
printpathto( get_inode( "." ) );
putchar('\n');
return 0;
}
void printpathto( ino_t this_inode )
{
ino_t my_inode ;
char its_name[BUFSIZ];
if ( get_inode("..") != this_inode )
{
chdir( ".." );
inum_to_name(this_inode,its_name,BUFSIZ);
my_inode = get_inode( "." );
printpathto( my_inode );
printf("/%s", its_name );
}
}
void inum_to_name(ino_t inode_to_find , char *namebuf, int buflen)
{
DIR *dir_ptr;
struct dirent *direntp;
dir_ptr = opendir( "." );
if ( dir_ptr == NULL ){
perror( "." );
exit(1);
}
while ( ( direntp = readdir( dir_ptr ) ) != NULL )
if ( direntp->d_ino == inode_to_find )
{
strncpy( namebuf, direntp->d_name, buflen);
namebuf[buflen-1] = '\0';
closedir( dir_ptr );
return;
}
fprintf(stderr, "error looking for inum %d\n", (int) inode_to_find);
exit(1);
}
ino_t get_inode( char *fname )
{
struct stat info;
if ( stat( fname , &info ) == -1 ){
fprintf(stderr, "Cannot stat ");
perror(fname);
exit(1);
}
return info.st_ino;
}
vim中的代码只能手敲
在virtual box中安装了增强功能,可以从外界复制粘贴代码。
通过代码实现来重新实现linux的功能对于我们理解linux有帮助。
参考资料:
-blog
-linux系统调用学习