DOM解析XML之java

Java提供了两种XML解析器：树型解释器DOM（Document Object Model，文档对象模型），和流机制解析器SAX（Simple API for XML，XML简单API）。DOM可以将XML转换为树结构。

XML文档内容如下：

文件名：NameList.xml，文件路径：C:\Users\Tsybius\Desktop\NameList.xml

<? xml  version = "1.0"  encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
< root >
  < list1 >
    < person  id = "101"  name = "Tsybius"  remark = "1"  />
    < person  id = "102"  name = "Galatea"  remark = "2"  />
    < person  id = "103"  name = "Quintus"  remark = "3"  />
    < person  id = "104"  name = "Atia"  remark = "4"  />
    < person  id = "105"  name = "Justitia"  remark = "5"  />
  </ list1 >
  < list2 >
    < person  id = "201"  name = "Zhang"  remark = "a"  />
    < person  id = "202"  name = "Wang"  remark = "b"  />
    < person  id = "203"  name = "Li"  remark = "c"  />
    < person  id = "204"  name = "Zhao"  remark = "d"  />
    < person  id = "205"  name = "Liu"  remark = "e"  />
  </ list2 >
  < text >TEXT</ text >
</ root >
Java代码如下：

package  XmlDomTest;

import  java.io.File;
import  java.io.IOException;

import  javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import  javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import  javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;

import  org.w3c.dom.Document;
import  org.w3c.dom.Element;
import  org.w3c.dom.NamedNodeMap;
import  org.w3c.dom.Node;
import  org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import  org.w3c.dom.Text;
import  org.xml.sax.SAXException;

/**
 * 使用DOM解析XML
 * @author Tsybius
 *
 */
public  class  XmlDomTest {

    /**
     * 使用DOM解析XML
     * @param args
     */
    public  static  void  main(String[] args) {

        try  {

            String filePath =  "C:\\Users\\Tsybius\\Desktop\\NameList.xml" ;
            File f =  new  File(filePath);

            DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
            DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
            Document doc = builder.parse(f);

            //遍历节点方式1
            Element root = doc.getDocumentElement();
            System.out.println( "根节点名："  + root.getNodeName());
            NodeList children = root.getChildNodes();
            for  ( int  i =  0 ; i < children.getLength(); i++) {
                Node child = children.item(i);
                if  (child  instanceof  Element) {
                    Element childElement = (Element)child;
                    System.out.println( "节点名："  + childElement.getNodeName());

                    if  (childElement.getNodeName().equals( "list1" )) {
                        //list1
                        //遍历节点方式2
                        //获取指定属性
                        for  (Node list1Node = childElement.getFirstChild();
                                list1Node !=  null ;
                                list1Node = list1Node.getNextSibling()) {
                            if  (list1Node  instanceof  Element) {
                                Element list1Element = (Element)list1Node;
                                System.out.print( "person:" );
                                System.out.print( "id="  + list1Element.getAttribute( "id" ) +  ";" );
                                System.out.print( "name="  + list1Element.getAttribute( "name" ) +  ";" );
                                System.out.print( "remark="  + list1Element.getAttribute( "remark" ) +  ";" );
                                System.out.println();
                            }
                        }

                    }  else  if  (childElement.getNodeName().equals( "list2" )) {
                        //list2
                        //遍历节点方式2
                        //遍历所有属性
                        for  (Node list2Node = childElement.getFirstChild();
                                list2Node !=  null ;
                                list2Node = list2Node.getNextSibling()) {
                            if  (!(list2Node  instanceof  Element)) {
                                continue ;
                            }
                            NamedNodeMap attributes = ((Element)list2Node).getAttributes();
                            System.out.print( "person:" );
                            for  ( int  counter =  0 ; counter < attributes.getLength(); counter++) {
                                Node attribute = attributes.item(counter);
                                if  (attribute ==  null ) {
                                    continue ;
                                }
                                String name = attribute.getNodeName();
                                String value = attribute.getNodeValue();
                                System.out.print(name +  "="  + value +  ";" );
                            }
                            System.out.println();
                        }

                    }  else  if  (childElement.getNodeName().equals( "text" )) {
                        //text
                        //获取文本值
                        Text textNode = (Text)childElement.getFirstChild();
                        String text = textNode.getData().trim();
                        System.out.println( "text："  + text);
                    }
                }
            }

        }  catch  (ParserConfigurationException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }  catch  (SAXException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }  catch  (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }  catch  (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
}
控制台中输出结果如下：

根节点名：root
节点名：list1
person:id=101;name=Tsybius;remark=1;
person:id=102;name=Galatea;remark=2;
person:id=103;name=Quintus;remark=3;
person:id=104;name=Atia;remark=4;
person:id=105;name=Justitia;remark=5;
节点名：list2
person:id=201;name=Zhang;remark=a;
person:id=202;name=Wang;remark=b;
person:id=203;name=Li;remark=c;
person:id=204;name=Zhao;remark=d;
person:id=205;name=Liu;remark=e;
节点名：text
text：TEXT