lamp环境搭建（ubuntu14.04 LTS）

lamp环境搭建（ubuntu14.04 LTS）

步骤：

1.获取源码包

$ sudo apt-get update

注意：

　　使用以上命令可能会出现以下问题:用于apt-get操作时的lock(应该是用于互斥的锁)，出现了不能够得到锁的问题

       E: Could not get lock /var/lib/apt/lists/lock - open (11: Resource temporarily unavailable)

      E: Unable to lock directory /var/lib/apt/lists/

      E: Could not get lock /var/lib/dpkg/lock - open (11: Resource temporarily unavailable)

      E: Unable to lock the administration directory (/var/lib/dpkg/), is another process  using it?

　　解决方法：

   　方法一： $ sudo rm /var/lib/apt/lists/lock

                 $ sudo rm /var/cache/apt/archives/lock

      方法二：    

                $ apt-get update

           E: Could not open lock file /var/lib/apt/lists/lock - open (13: Permission denied)

           E: Unable to lock directory /var/lib/apt/lists/

           E: Could not open lock file /var/lib/dpkg/lock - open (13: Permission denied)

　         E: Unable to lock the administration directory (/var/lib/dpkg/), are you root?

                $ sudo!!

　　　　　　 sudoapt-get update

　　　　 [ sudo ] password  for server:

　　　　　 …

　　　　　..
　　　　  Fetched 474 kB  in 16s (28.0 kB /s )
        Reading package lists... Done
        server@localhost:~$

2.安装apache

　　$ sudo apt-get install apache2

　　检查apache2是否安装成功：显示以下apache2安装成功

　　bybelief@ubuntu:~$ apache2 -v 　　Server version: Apache/2.4.7 (Ubuntu) 　　Server built: Jan 14 2016 17:45:23


3.安装php5

　　$ sudo apt-get install php5

　　查看libphp5是否被apache加载：

　　bybelief@ubuntu:~$ cat /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/php5.load
　　LoadModule php5_module /usr/lib/apache2/modules/libphp5.so

4.安装mysql
　　$ sudo apt-get install mysql-server
　　注意：安装mysql时，输入的是mysql的root密码

　　查看mysql.ini是否安装:
　　12.04版本的系统:cat /etc/php5/conf.d/mysql.ini
　　14.04版本:cat /etc/php5/mods-available/mysql.ini

　　bybelief@ubuntu:~$ cat /etc/php5/mods-available/mysql.ini
　　cat: /etc/php5/conf.d/mysql.ini: No such file or directory
　　无安装，因为php默认不安装mysql.so扩展，需要手动安装，使用一下命令安装mysql扩展
　　$ sudo apt-get install php5-mysql

　　再次检查mysql.so是否加载：成功加载
　　bybelief@ubuntu:~$ cat /etc/php5/mods-available/mysql.ini
　　; configuration for php MySQL module
　　; priority=20
　　extension=mysql.so

  5.重启服务

　　保证服务正常，重启mysql服务
　　$ sudo service mysql restar

　　保证服务正常，重启apache服务
　　$ sudo service apache2 restart

　　以上的可以通过一条命令实现安装
　　方法一：sudo apt-get install apache2 php5 mysql-server php5-mysql
　　方法二：sudo tasksel install lamp- server

6.测试

　　切换到apache的www目录
　　$ cd /var/www

　　安装vim编辑器
　　$ sudonstall  vim

　　创建phpinfo服务器指针：
　　$ sudo vim info.php

7. 添加常用扩展
　　$ sudo apt-get install php5-gd curl libcurl3 libcurl3-dev php5-curl

8.安装ssh
$  sudo ufw disable   关闭防火墙
$ sudo apt-get install openssh-server
$  sudo apt-get install ssh

如果无法远程登录：
$ sudo vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
把配置文件中的"PermitRootLogin without-password"加一个"#"号,把它注释掉
把PermitRootLogin no 改为 yes

eg:
 $ sudo vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
然后重启：
$  sudo service ssh restart

bybelief@ubuntu:/$ sudo vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
[sudo] password for bybelief: 
Sorry, try again.
[sudo] password for bybelief: 
Sorry, try again.
[sudo] password for bybelief: 

# Package generated configuration file
# See the sshd_config(5) manpage for details

# What ports, IPs and protocols we listen for
Port 22
# Use these options to restrict which interfaces/protocols sshd will bind to
#ListenAddress ::
#ListenAddress 0.0.0.0
Protocol 2
# HostKeys for protocol version 2
HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key
HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key
HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key
HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key
#Privilege Separation is turned on for security
UsePrivilegeSeparation yes

# Lifetime and size of ephemeral version 1 server key
KeyRegenerationInterval 3600
ServerKeyBits 1024

# Logging
SyslogFacility AUTH
LogLevel INFO

# Authentication:
LoginGraceTime 120
#PermitRootLogin without-password
StrictModes yes
PermitRootLogin yes

RSAAuthentication yes
PubkeyAuthentication no

#AuthorizedKeysFile     %h/.ssh/authorized_keys

# Don't read the user's ~/.rhosts and ~/.shosts files
IgnoreRhosts yes
# For this to work you will also need host keys in /etc/ssh_known_hosts
RhostsRSAAuthentication no
# similar for protocol version 2
HostbasedAuthentication no
# Uncomment if you don't trust ~/.ssh/known_hosts for RhostsRSAAuthentication
#IgnoreUserKnownHosts yes

# To enable empty passwords, change to yes (NOT RECOMMENDED)
PermitEmptyPasswords no

# Change to yes to enable challenge-response passwords (beware issues with
# some PAM modules and threads)
ChallengeResponseAuthentication no

# Change to no to disable tunnelled clear text passwords
#PasswordAuthentication yes

# Kerberos options
#KerberosAuthentication no
#KerberosGetAFSToken no
#KerberosOrLocalPasswd yes
#KerberosTicketCleanup yes

# GSSAPI options
#GSSAPIAuthentication no
#GSSAPICleanupCredentials yes

X11Forwarding yes
X11DisplayOffset 10
PrintMotd no
PrintLastLog yes
TCPKeepAlive yes
#UseLogin no

#MaxStartups 10:30:60
#Banner /etc/issue.net

# Allow client to pass locale environment variables
AcceptEnv LANG LC_*

Subsystem sftp /usr/lib/openssh/sftp-server

# Set this to 'yes' to enable PAM authentication, account processing,
# and session processing. If this is enabled, PAM authentication will
# be allowed through the ChallengeResponseAuthentication and
# PasswordAuthentication.  Depending on your PAM configuration,
# PAM authentication via ChallengeResponseAuthentication may bypass
# the setting of "PermitRootLogin without-password".
PermitRootLogin yes
# If you just want the PAM account and session checks to run without
# PAM authentication, then enable this but set PasswordAuthentication
# and ChallengeResponseAuthentication to 'no'.
UsePAM yes