[转]Android ORM系列之GreenDao最佳实践

GreenDAO是一个可以帮助Android开发者快速将Java对象映射到SQLite数据库的表单中的ORM解决方案，通过使用一个简单的面向对象API，开发者可以对Java对象进行存储、更新、删除和查询。

GreenDao有两个项目，一个是生成dao和model的generator的项目，该项目是java项目，一个是用于android的核心jar包。在使用前，我们必须先生成dao和model。

首先加入依赖。

compile 'de.greenrobot:greendao:2.0.0'
compile 'de.greenrobot:greendao-generator:2.0.0'

然后在我们的包名之下新建一个db的包，在db下新建dao和model的包以及一个generator的包，就像下图。

在generator包下，新建一个生成dao和model的类GreenDaoGenerator，在里面加入代码

public class GreenDaoGenerator {
    public static void main(String[] args)  throws Exception {
        Schema schema =  new Schema( 1 ,  "cn.edu.zafu.greendao.db.model" );
        schema.setDefaultJavaPackageDao( "cn.edu.zafu.greendao.db.dao" );
        schema.enableKeepSectionsByDefault();
        //schema.enableActiveEntitiesByDefault();
        //ActiveRecord
        addEntity(schema);
        new DaoGenerator().generateAll(schema,  "./app/src/main/java" );
    }

    private static void addEntity(Schema schema) {
        Entity person = schema.addEntity( "Person" );
        person.addIdProperty().primaryKey();
        person.addStringProperty( "name" );
        person.addDoubleProperty( "height" );
        person.addDoubleProperty( "weight" );

        Entity card = schema.addEntity( "Card" );
        card.addIdProperty().primaryKey();
        card.addStringProperty( "num" );
        card.addStringProperty( "address" );

        Property idcardPK = person.addLongProperty( "cardId" ).getProperty();
        person.addToOne(card, idcardPK);

        Property personPK = card.addLongProperty( "personId" ).getProperty();
        card.addToOne(person,personPK);
    }

}

Schema schema = new Schema(1, “cn.edu.zafu.greendao.db.model”); 代表创建的数据库的版本号以及默认的java package，如果不修改默认的包名，生成的dao和model都会在该包下，这里我们修改了dao的包名schema.setDefaultJavaPackageDao(“cn.edu.zafu.greendao.db.dao”);，生成的model中，我们可能需要加入自己的一些信息，但是又不希望下次生成的时候消失，所以可以使用schema.enableKeepSectionsByDefault();，使用后会在model类中有如下这些标示

// KEEP INCLUDES - put your custom includes here
// KEEP INCLUDES END

// KEEP FIELDS - put your custom fields here
// KEEP FIELDS END

 // KEEP METHODS - put your custom methods here
// KEEP METHODS END

你只需将你需要的信息添加到这三个之间，分布代表引入的包，字段，方法。之后重新生成这些信息将会被保留。

schema.enableActiveEntitiesByDefault();代表实体类是否支持active，用过php中yii框架的都应该清楚，实体类可以直接进行crud操作。我们不开启就好了，如果开启了的话，实体类将之间支持update, refresh, deleted 等操作。

之后就使用 schema.addEntity()函数增加Entity 对象，即对应的实体类，通过添加属性方法addProperty系列方法增加字段，最后调用new DaoGenerator().generateAll(schema, “./app/src/main/java”);方法生成dao和model。

生成的步骤也很简单，在该类上右键，点run即可。

生成之后控制台就会输出

然后我们编写一个核心辅助类。用于获取DaoMaster和DaoSession

public class DbCore {
    private static final String DEFAULT_DB_NAME =  "default.db" ;
    private static DaoMaster daoMaster;
    private static DaoSession daoSession;

    private static Context mContext;
    private static String DB_NAME;

    public static void init(Context context) {
        init(context, DEFAULT_DB_NAME);
    }

    public static void init(Context context, String dbName) {
        if (context ==  null ) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException( "context can't be null" );
        }
        mContext = context.getApplicationContext();
        DB_NAME = dbName;
    }

    public static DaoMaster getDaoMaster() {
        if (daoMaster ==  null ) {
            DaoMaster.OpenHelper helper =  new DaoMaster.DevOpenHelper(mContext, DB_NAME,  null );
            daoMaster =  new DaoMaster(helper.getWritableDatabase());
        }
        return daoMaster;
    }

    public static DaoSession getDaoSession() {
        if (daoSession ==  null ) {
            if (daoMaster ==  null ) {
                daoMaster = getDaoMaster();
            }
            daoSession = daoMaster.newSession();
        }
        return daoSession;
    }

    public static void enableQueryBuilderLog(){

        QueryBuilder.LOG_SQL =  true ;
        QueryBuilder.LOG_VALUES =  true ;
    }
}

接下来就是基础的泛型Service

public class BaseService<T, K> {
    private AbstractDao<T, K> mDao;

    public BaseService(AbstractDao dao) {
        mDao = dao;
    }

    public void save(T item) {
        mDao.insert(item);
    }

    public void save(T... items) {
        mDao.insertInTx(items);
    }

    public void save(List<T> items) {
        mDao.insertInTx(items);
    }

    public void saveOrUpdate(T item) {
        mDao.insertOrReplace(item);
    }

    public void saveOrUpdate(T... items) {
        mDao.insertOrReplaceInTx(items);
    }

    public void saveOrUpdate(List<T> items) {
        mDao.insertOrReplaceInTx(items);
    }

    public void deleteByKey(K key) {
        mDao.deleteByKey(key);
    }

    public void delete(T item) {
        mDao.delete(item);
    }

    public void delete(T... items) {
        mDao.deleteInTx(items);
    }

    public void delete(List<T> items) {
        mDao.deleteInTx(items);
    }

    public void deleteAll() {
        mDao.deleteAll();
    }

    public void update(T item) {
        mDao.update(item);
    }

    public void update(T... items) {
        mDao.updateInTx(items);
    }

    public void update(List<T> items) {
        mDao.updateInTx(items);
    }

    public  T query(K key) {
        return  mDao.load(key);
    }

    public List<T> queryAll() {
        return mDao.loadAll();
    }

    public List<T> query(String where, String... params) {

        return mDao.queryRaw(where, params);
    }

    public QueryBuilder<T> queryBuilder() {

        return mDao.queryBuilder();
    }

    public long count() {
        return mDao.count();
    }

    public void refresh(T item) {
        mDao.refresh(item);

    }

    public void detach(T item) {
        mDao.detach(item);
    }
}

一个实现类，第二个泛型参数是主键类型

public class CardService  extends BaseService<Card,Long> {
    public CardService(CardDao dao) {
        super (dao);
    }
}
public class PersonService  extends BaseService<Person,Long> {
    public PersonService(PersonDao dao) {
        super (dao);
    }
}

编写一个工具类获得service

public class DbUtil {
    private static CardService cardService;
    private static PersonService personService;

    private static PersonDao getPersonDao() {
        return DbCore.getDaoSession().getPersonDao();
    }

    private static CardDao getCardDao() {
        return DbCore.getDaoSession().getCardDao();
    }

    public static CardService getCardService() {
        if (cardService ==  null ) {
            cardService =  new CardService(getCardDao());
        }
        return cardService;
    }

    public static PersonService getPersonService() {
        if (personService ==  null ) {
            personService =  new PersonService(getPersonDao());
        }
        return personService;
    }
}

在Application中初始化，并设置在清单文件中

public class App  extends Application{
    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super .onCreate();
        DbCore.init( this );
    }
}

增删改查，下面为单元测试的方法

public class ApplicationTest  extends ApplicationTestCase<Application> {
    private PersonService mPersonService;
    private CardService mCardService;

    public ApplicationTest() {
        super (Application. class );
    }

    @Override
    protected void setUp()  throws Exception {
        super .setUp();
        DbCore.init(getContext());
        DbCore.enableQueryBuilderLog();
        mPersonService = DbUtil.getPersonService();
        mCardService = DbUtil.getCardService();
    }

    public void testSave(){
        Card c= new Card();
        c.setNum( "3303241646813416463468" );
        c.setAddress( "杭州" );

        mCardService.save(c);

        Person p= new Person();
        p.setName( "张三" );
        p.setHeight( 178.00 );
        p.setWeight( 65.00 );
        p.setCard(c);
        mPersonService.save(p);

        c.setPerson(p);
        mCardService.saveOrUpdate(c);

    }
    public void testSave1(){
        Card c= new Card();
        c.setNum( "3303241646813416463468" );
        c.setAddress( "杭州" );

        Card c1= new Card();
        c1.setNum( "12121646813416463468" );
        c1.setAddress( "温州" );

        mCardService.save(c, c1);

        c.setNum( "11111" );
        mCardService.saveOrUpdate(c, c1);

    }

    public void testSave2(){
        Card c= new Card();
        c.setNum( "3303241646813416463468" );
        c.setAddress( "杭州" );

        Card c1= new Card();
        c1.setNum( "12121646813416463468" );
        c1.setAddress( "温州" );

        List&lt;Card&gt; cards= new ArrayList&lt;Card&gt;();

        cards.add(c);
        cards.add(c1);

        mCardService.save(cards);

        c1.setNum( "22222" );

        mCardService.saveOrUpdate(cards);

    }

    public void testDelete(){
        Card c= new Card();
        c.setNum( "333333333333333" );
        c.setAddress( "3333" );

        mCardService.save(c);
        mCardService.delete(c);

        c= new Card();
        c.setNum( "444444" );
        c.setAddress( "44444444" );

        mCardService.save(c);
        mCardService.deleteByKey(c.getId());

    }

    public void testDelete1(){
        Card c= new Card();
        c.setNum( "55555" );
        c.setAddress( "5555" );

        Card c1= new Card();
        c1.setNum( "666666" );
        c1.setAddress( "66666666" );
        mCardService.save(c,c1);
        mCardService.delete(c, c1);

    }

    public void testDelete2(){
        Card c= new Card();
        c.setNum( "55555" );
        c.setAddress( "5555" );

        Card c1= new Card();
        c1.setNum( "666666" );
        c1.setAddress( "66666666" );
        List&lt;Card&gt; cards= new ArrayList&lt;Card&gt;();

        cards.add(c);
        cards.add(c1);

        mCardService.save(cards);
        mCardService.delete(cards);

    }

    public  void testDelete3(){
        mCardService.deleteAll();
    }

    public void testUpdate(){
        Card c= new Card();
        c.setNum( "55555" );
        c.setAddress( "5555" );

        mCardService.save(c);
        c.setNum( "123456" );
        mCardService.update(c);
    }
    public void testUpdate1(){
        Card c= new Card();
        c.setNum( "55555" );
        c.setAddress( "5555" );

        mCardService.save(c);
        c.setNum( "123456" );

        Card c1= new Card();
        c1.setNum( "6666" );
        c1.setAddress( "66666" );

        mCardService.save(c1);
        c1.setNum( "654321" );
        mCardService.update(c,c1);
    }

    public void testUpdate2(){
        Card c= new Card();
        c.setNum( "aaaaa" );
        c.setAddress( "aaaaaaaaaa" );

        mCardService.save(c);
        c.setNum( "bbbbbbbbb" );

        Card c1= new Card();
        c1.setNum( "ccccc" );
        c1.setAddress( "cccccccc" );

        mCardService.save(c1);
        c1.setNum( "dddddddddd" );

        List<Card> cards= new ArrayList<Card>();

        cards.add(c);
        cards.add(c1);
        mCardService.update(cards);
    }

    public void testQuery(){
        Card c= new Card();
        c.setNum( "aaaaa111" );
        c.setAddress( "aaaaaaaa11111aa" );

        mCardService.save(c);

        List&lt;Card&gt; cards = mCardService.queryAll();
        Log.e( "TAG" , cards +  "" );

        Card query = mCardService.query(c.getId());
        Log.e( "TAG" , query +  "" );

        List&lt;Card&gt; query1 = mCardService.query( "where NUM=?" , c.getNum());
        Log.e( "TAG" , query1 +  "" );

        long count = mCardService.count();
        Log.e( "TAG" , count +  "" );

        List&lt;Card&gt; list = mCardService.queryBuilder().where(CardDao.Properties.Num.eq(c.getNum())).list();
        Log.e( "TAG" , list +  "" );
    }
}

关于关联关系的映射，下一篇文章细说。

源码下载。

• http://download.csdn.net/detail/sbsujjbcy/9070059