Nutch-2.2.1学习之九Nutch过滤URL实践

通过分析Nutch的配置文件Nutch-default.xml和阅读了部分源代码后,了解了Nutch的插件机制以及如何通过修改conf中的文件实现过滤抓取数据。默认情况下,实现URL过滤的类为RegexURLFilter,对应的过滤文件为regex-urlfilter.txt,在不修改该文件的情况下,Nutch可以过滤后缀以gif|GIF|jpg|JPG|png|PNG|ico|ICO|css|CSS|sit|SIT|eps|EPS|wmf|WMF|zip|ZIP|ppt|PPT|mpg|MPG|xls|XLS|gz|GZ|rpm|RPM|tgz|TGZ|mov|MOV|exe|EXE|jpeg|JPEG|bmp|BMP|js|JS结尾的文件,过滤包含?*!@=字符的URL,过滤/SameSomething/重复出现三次的URL,而接受其他一切URL。现在以http://hadoop.apache.com为抓取的URL为例,分为默认抓取和只抓取包含hadoop的URL两种情况。

先看第一种情况,即对rgex-urlfilter.txt不做任何修改,代码及结果如下所示。从结果可以看到,总共抓取了38条记录。

[hadoop@hadoop deploy]$ bin/crawl urls hadoop http://localhost:8983/solr/ 1

hbase(main):012:0> scan 'hadoop_webpage', {COLUMNS=>'f:ts'}
ROW                                      COLUMN+CELL                                                                                                         
 com.apachecon.eu.www:http/c/aceu2009/   column=f:ts, timestamp=1388471264814, value=\x00\x00\x01CGV\x1D1                                                    
 com.apachecon.us:http/c/acus2008/       column=f:ts, timestamp=1388471264814, value=\x00\x00\x01CGV\x1Ft                                                    
 com.cafepress.www:http/hadoop/          column=f:ts, timestamp=1388471264814, value=\x00\x00\x01CGV\x1Fw                                                    
 com.yahoo.developer:http/blogs/hadoop/2 column=f:ts, timestamp=1388471264808, value=\x00\x00\x01CGV\x1D2                                                    
 008/07/apache_hadoop_wins_terabyte_sort                                                                                                                     
 _benchmark.html                                                                                                                                             
 org.apache.avro:http/                   column=f:ts, timestamp=1388471264814, value=\x00\x00\x01CGV\x1Fw                                                    
 org.apache.cassandra:http/              column=f:ts, timestamp=1388471264814, value=\x00\x00\x01CGV\x1Fx                                                    
 org.apache.forrest:http/                column=f:ts, timestamp=1388471264808, value=\x00\x00\x01CGV\x1F\xAC                                                 
 org.apache.hadoop:http/                 column=f:ts, timestamp=1388471264808, value=\x00\x00\x01C\xE1\xD1\xB2\xFC                                           
 org.apache.hadoop:http/bylaws.html      column=f:ts, timestamp=1388471264814, value=\x00\x00\x01CGV\x1Fy                                                    
 org.apache.hadoop:http/docs/current/    column=f:ts, timestamp=1388471264808, value=\x00\x00\x01CGV%\x06                                                    
 org.apache.hadoop:http/docs/r0.23.10/   column=f:ts, timestamp=1388471264814, value=\x00\x00\x01CGV\x1Fy                                                    
 org.apache.hadoop:http/docs/r1.2.1/     column=f:ts, timestamp=1388471264814, value=\x00\x00\x01CGV\x1Fz                                                    
 org.apache.hadoop:http/docs/r2.1.1-beta column=f:ts, timestamp=1388471264808, value=\x00\x00\x01CGV%\x07                                                    
 /                                                                                                                                                           
 org.apache.hadoop:http/docs/r2.2.0/     column=f:ts, timestamp=1388471264814, value=\x00\x00\x01CGV\x1F{                                                    
 org.apache.hadoop:http/docs/stable/     column=f:ts, timestamp=1388471264808, value=\x00\x00\x01CGV%\x07                                                    
 org.apache.hadoop:http/index.html       column=f:ts, timestamp=1388471264814, value=\x00\x00\x01CGV\x1F|                                                    
 org.apache.hadoop:http/index.pdf        column=f:ts, timestamp=1388471264808, value=\x00\x00\x01CGV%\x08                                                    
 org.apache.hadoop:http/issue_tracking.h column=f:ts, timestamp=1388471264808, value=\x00\x00\x01CGV%\x08                                                    
 tml                                                                                                                                                         
 org.apache.hadoop:http/mailing_lists.ht column=f:ts, timestamp=1388471264808, value=\x00\x00\x01CGV%\x08                                                    
 ml                                                                                                                                                          
 org.apache.hadoop:http/privacy_policy.h column=f:ts, timestamp=1388471264808, value=\x00\x00\x01CGV%\x09                                                    
 tml                                                                                                                                                         
 org.apache.hadoop:http/releases.html    column=f:ts, timestamp=1388471264814, value=\x00\x00\x01CGV\x1F|                                                    
 org.apache.hadoop:http/who.html         column=f:ts, timestamp=1388471264814, value=\x00\x00\x01CGV\x1F}                                                    
 org.apache.hbase:http/                  column=f:ts, timestamp=1388471264808, value=\x00\x00\x01CGV%\x09                                                    
 org.apache.hive:http/                   column=f:ts, timestamp=1388471264814, value=\x00\x00\x01CGV\x1F~                                                    
 org.apache.incubator:http/ambari/       column=f:ts, timestamp=1388471264814, value=\x00\x00\x01CGV\x1F\x7F                                                 
 org.apache.incubator:http/chukwa/       column=f:ts, timestamp=1388471264808, value=\x00\x00\x01CGV%\x09                                                    
 org.apache.incubator:http/hama/         column=f:ts, timestamp=1388471264808, value=\x00\x00\x01CGV%\x0A                                                    
 org.apache.mahout:http/                 column=f:ts, timestamp=1388471264814, value=\x00\x00\x01CGV\x1F\x7F                                                 
 org.apache.pig:http/                    column=f:ts, timestamp=1388471264814, value=\x00\x00\x01CGV\x1F\x82                                                 
 org.apache.wiki:http/hadoop             column=f:ts, timestamp=1388471264808, value=\x00\x00\x01CGV%\x0A                                                    
 org.apache.wiki:http/hadoop/PoweredBy   column=f:ts, timestamp=1388471264808, value=\x00\x00\x01CGV%\x0A                                                    
 org.apache.www:http/                    column=f:ts, timestamp=1388471264808, value=\x00\x00\x01CGV%\x12                                                    
 org.apache.www:http/foundation/sponsors column=f:ts, timestamp=1388471264814, value=\x00\x00\x01CGV\x1F\x83                                                 
 hip.html                                                                                                                                                    
 org.apache.www:http/foundation/thanks.h column=f:ts, timestamp=1388471264808, value=\x00\x00\x01CGV%\x12                                                    
 tml                                                                                                                                                         
 org.apache.www:http/licenses/           column=f:ts, timestamp=1388471264814, value=\x00\x00\x01CGV\x1F\x83                                                 
 org.apache.zookeeper:http/              column=f:ts, timestamp=1388471264814, value=\x00\x00\x01CGV\x1F\x85                                                 
 org.sortbenchmark:http/                 column=f:ts, timestamp=1388471264808, value=\x00\x00\x01CGV%\x13                                                    
 uk.co.guardian.www:http/technology/2011 column=f:ts, timestamp=1388471264808, value=\x00\x00\x01CGV%\x14                                                    
 /mar/25/media-guardian-innovation-award                                                                                                                     
 s-apache-hadoop                                                                                                                                             
38 row(s) in 0.2590 seconds

第二种情况是修改rgex-urlfilter.txt文件,修改最后一行为+^http://.*hadoop.*,即只抓取包含hadoop的URL。抓取的结果如下所示,只包含20行,并且rowkey仅仅包含hadoop的RUL。

[hadoop@hadoop deploy]$ bin/crawl urls hadoopWithFilter http://localhost:8983/solr/ 1
hbase(main):016:0> scan 'hadoopWithFilter_webpage',{COLUMNS=>'f:ts'}
ROW                                      COLUMN+CELL                                                                                                         
 com.cafepress.www:http/hadoop/          column=f:ts, timestamp=1388473239724, value=\x00\x00\x01CGtGl                                                       
 com.yahoo.developer:http/blogs/hadoop/2 column=f:ts, timestamp=1388473240778, value=\x00\x00\x01CGtG\x88                                                    
 008/07/apache_hadoop_wins_terabyte_sort                                                                                                                     
 _benchmark.html                                                                                                                                             
 org.apache.hadoop:http/                 column=f:ts, timestamp=1388473240778, value=\x00\x00\x01C\xE1\xF0\xEB\xCB                                           
 org.apache.hadoop:http/bylaws.html      column=f:ts, timestamp=1388473239724, value=\x00\x00\x01CGtHv                                                       
 org.apache.hadoop:http/docs/current/    column=f:ts, timestamp=1388473240778, value=\x00\x00\x01CGtL\xA7                                                    
 org.apache.hadoop:http/docs/r0.23.10/   column=f:ts, timestamp=1388473239724, value=\x00\x00\x01CGtHw                                                       
 org.apache.hadoop:http/docs/r1.2.1/     column=f:ts, timestamp=1388473239724, value=\x00\x00\x01CGtHw                                                       
 org.apache.hadoop:http/docs/r2.1.1-beta column=f:ts, timestamp=1388473240778, value=\x00\x00\x01CGtL\xA8                                                    
 /                                                                                                                                                           
 org.apache.hadoop:http/docs/r2.2.0/     column=f:ts, timestamp=1388473239724, value=\x00\x00\x01CGtHx                                                       
 org.apache.hadoop:http/docs/stable/     column=f:ts, timestamp=1388473240778, value=\x00\x00\x01CGtL\xA8                                                    
 org.apache.hadoop:http/index.html       column=f:ts, timestamp=1388473239724, value=\x00\x00\x01CGtHx                                                       
 org.apache.hadoop:http/index.pdf        column=f:ts, timestamp=1388473240778, value=\x00\x00\x01CGtL\xA8                                                    
 org.apache.hadoop:http/issue_tracking.h column=f:ts, timestamp=1388473240778, value=\x00\x00\x01CGtL\xA9                                                    
 tml                                                                                                                                                         
 org.apache.hadoop:http/mailing_lists.ht column=f:ts, timestamp=1388473240778, value=\x00\x00\x01CGtL\xA9                                                    
 ml                                                                                                                                                          
 org.apache.hadoop:http/privacy_policy.h column=f:ts, timestamp=1388473240778, value=\x00\x00\x01CGtL\xA9                                                    
 tml                                                                                                                                                         
 org.apache.hadoop:http/releases.html    column=f:ts, timestamp=1388473239724, value=\x00\x00\x01CGtHy                                                       
 org.apache.hadoop:http/who.html         column=f:ts, timestamp=1388473239724, value=\x00\x00\x01CGtHz                                                       
 org.apache.wiki:http/hadoop             column=f:ts, timestamp=1388473240778, value=\x00\x00\x01CGtL\xAA                                                    
 org.apache.wiki:http/hadoop/PoweredBy   column=f:ts, timestamp=1388473240778, value=\x00\x00\x01CGtL\xAA                                                    
 uk.co.guardian.www:http/technology/2011 column=f:ts, timestamp=1388473240778, value=\x00\x00\x01CGtL\xAB                                                    
 /mar/25/media-guardian-innovation-award                                                                                                                     
 s-apache-hadoop                                                                                                                                             
20 row(s) in 0.3090 seconds

通过上面的结果可以发现,通过修改rgex-urlfilter.txt文件中的正则表达式,可以实现定制抓取URL,仅仅抓取自己感兴趣的内容。



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