Linux下运行java DES解密失败，报javax.crypto.BadPaddingException:Given final block not properly padded

DES java源代码如下：

import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException;

import javax.crypto.BadPaddingException;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException;
import javax.crypto.KeyGenerator;
import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException;
import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
import javax.crypto.SecretKeyFactory;
import javax.crypto.spec.DESKeySpec;

public class DESEncryptTest {
private static final String DES_ALGORITHM = "DES";
		
	/**
	 * DES加密
	 * @param plainData
	 * @param secretKey
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public String encryption(String plainData, String secretKey) throws Exception{

		Cipher cipher = null;
		try {
			cipher = Cipher.getInstance(DES_ALGORITHM);
			cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, generateKey(secretKey));
			
		} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}catch(InvalidKeyException e){
			
		}
		
		try {
			// 为了防止解密时报javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException: Input length must be multiple of 8 when decrypting with padded cipher异常，
			// 不能把加密后的字节数组直接转换成字符串
			byte[] buf = cipher.doFinal(plainData.getBytes());
			
			return Base64Utils.encode(buf);
			
		} catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			throw new Exception("IllegalBlockSizeException", e);
		} catch (BadPaddingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			throw new Exception("BadPaddingException", e);
		}
	    
	}

	/**
	 * DES解密
	 * @param secretData
	 * @param secretKey
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public String decryption(String secretData, String secretKey) throws Exception{
		
		Cipher cipher = null;
		try {
			cipher = Cipher.getInstance(DES_ALGORITHM);
			cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, generateKey(secretKey));
			
		} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			throw new Exception("NoSuchAlgorithmException", e);
		} catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			throw new Exception("NoSuchPaddingException", e);
		}catch(InvalidKeyException e){
			e.printStackTrace();
			throw new Exception("InvalidKeyException", e);
			
		}
		
		try {
			
			byte[] buf = cipher.doFinal(Base64Utils.decode(secretData.toCharArray()));
			
			return new String(buf);
			
		} catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			throw new Exception("IllegalBlockSizeException", e);
		} catch (BadPaddingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			throw new Exception("BadPaddingException", e);
		}
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * 获得秘密密钥
	 * 
	 * @param secretKey
	 * @return
	 * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException 
	 */
	private SecretKey generateKey(String secretKey) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException{
		SecureRandom secureRandom = new SecureRandom(secretKey.getBytes());
				
		// 为我们选择的DES算法生成一个KeyGenerator对象
		KeyGenerator kg = null;
		try {
			kg = KeyGenerator.getInstance(DES_ALGORITHM);
		} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
		}
		kg.init(secureRandom);
		//kg.init(56, secureRandom);
		
		// 生成密钥
		return kg.generateKey();
	}
			
	public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception{
		String input = "cy11Xlbrmzyh:604:301:1353064296";
		String key = "37d5aed075525d4fa0fe635231cba447";
		
		DESEncryptTest des = new DESEncryptTest();
		
		String result = des.encryption(input, key);
		System.out.println(result);
		
		System.out.println(des.decryption(result, key));
			
	}
		
	static class Base64Utils {

		static private char[] alphabet = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/=".toCharArray();
		static private byte[] codes = new byte[256];
		static {
			for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
				codes[i] = -1;
			for (int i = 'A'; i <= 'Z'; i++)
				codes[i] = (byte) (i - 'A');
			for (int i = 'a'; i <= 'z'; i++)
				codes[i] = (byte) (26 + i - 'a');
			for (int i = '0'; i <= '9'; i++)
				codes[i] = (byte) (52 + i - '0');
			codes['+'] = 62;
			codes['/'] = 63;
		}
		
		/**
		 * 将原始数据编码为base64编码
		 */
		static public String encode(byte[] data) {
			char[] out = new char[((data.length + 2) / 3) * 4];
			for (int i = 0, index = 0; i < data.length; i += 3, index += 4) {
				boolean quad = false;
				boolean trip = false;
				int val = (0xFF & (int) data[i]);
				val <<= 8;
				if ((i + 1) < data.length) {
					val |= (0xFF & (int) data[i + 1]);
					trip = true;
				}
				val <<= 8;
				if ((i + 2) < data.length) {
					val |= (0xFF & (int) data[i + 2]);
					quad = true;
				}
				out[index + 3] = alphabet[(quad ? (val & 0x3F) : 64)];
				val >>= 6;
				out[index + 2] = alphabet[(trip ? (val & 0x3F) : 64)];
				val >>= 6;
				out[index + 1] = alphabet[val & 0x3F];
				val >>= 6;
				out[index + 0] = alphabet[val & 0x3F];
			}
			
			return new String(out);
		}

		/**
		 * 将base64编码的数据解码成原始数据
		 */
		static public byte[] decode(char[] data) {
			int len = ((data.length + 3) / 4) * 3;
			if (data.length > 0 && data[data.length - 1] == '=')
				--len;
			if (data.length > 1 && data[data.length - 2] == '=')
				--len;
			byte[] out = new byte[len];
			int shift = 0;
			int accum = 0;
			int index = 0;
			for (int ix = 0; ix < data.length; ix++) {
				int value = codes[data[ix] & 0xFF];
				if (value >= 0) {
					accum <<= 6;
					shift += 6;
					accum |= value;
					if (shift >= 8) {
						shift -= 8;
						out[index++] = (byte) ((accum >> shift) & 0xff);
					}
				}
			}
			if (index != out.length)
				throw new Error("miscalculated data length!");
			return out;
		}
	}
}

此代码在windows下运行正常，对加密后的密文可以正常解密。运行结果如下：

xl1nEww4mm09EvMy3tETBNg8HSfTFeBoilhNT7uBKBg=
cy11Xlbrmzyh:604:301:1353064296

但是放到linux上运行，则报错，错误信息如下图：

通过图片可以看到，对相同的明文（cy11Xlbrmzyh:604:301:1353064296）进行加密，在linux上加密后的结果和在windows上是不同的；而且在linux上不能对加密之后的密文进行解密，并抛出异常。

 

原因：

经过检查之后，定位在生成KEY的方法上，即如下红色代码：

/**
	 * 获得秘密密钥
	 * 
	 * @param secretKey
	 * @return
	 * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException 
	 */
	private SecretKey generateKey(String secretKey) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException{
		SecureRandom secureRandom = new SecureRandom(secretKey.getBytes()); //主要是此处代码
				
		// 为我们选择的DES算法生成一个KeyGenerator对象
		KeyGenerator kg = null;
		try {
			kg = KeyGenerator.getInstance(DES_ALGORITHM);
		} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
		}
		kg.init(secureRandom);
		//kg.init(56, secureRandom);
		
		// 生成密钥
		return kg.generateKey();
	}

SecureRandom 实现完全随操作系统本身的內部状态，除非调用方在调用 getInstance 方法，然后调用 setSeed 方法；该实现在 windows 上每次生成的 key 都相同，但是在 solaris 或部分 linux 系统上则不同。关于SecureRandom类的详细介绍，见 http://yangzb.iteye.com/blog/325264

 

解决办法

 方法1：把原来的generateKey方法中红色如下的红色部分：

	/**
	 * 获得秘密密钥
	 * 
	 * @param secretKey
	 * @return
	 * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException 
	 */
	private SecretKey generateKey(String secretKey) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException{
		//防止linux下 随机生成key
		SecureRandom secureRandom = SecureRandom.getInstance("SHA1PRNG");
		secureRandom.setSeed(secretKey.getBytes());
		
		// 为我们选择的DES算法生成一个KeyGenerator对象
		KeyGenerator kg = null;
		try {
			kg = KeyGenerator.getInstance(DES_ALGORITHM);
		} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
		}
		kg.init(secureRandom);
		//kg.init(56, secureRandom);
		
		// 生成密钥
		return kg.generateKey();
	}

方法2：不使用SecureRandom生成SecretKey，而是使用SecretKeyFactory；重新实现方法generateKey，代码如下

	/**
	 * 获得密钥
	 * 
	 * @param secretKey
	 * @return
	 * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException 
	 * @throws InvalidKeyException 
	 * @throws InvalidKeySpecException 
	 */
	private SecretKey generateKey(String secretKey) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException,InvalidKeyException,InvalidKeySpecException{
		
		SecretKeyFactory keyFactory = SecretKeyFactory.getInstance(DES_ALGORITHM);
		DESKeySpec keySpec = new DESKeySpec(secretKey.getBytes());
		keyFactory.generateSecret(keySpec);
		return keyFactory.generateSecret(keySpec);
	}