mini2440uboot移植-uboot基本命令之kermit
mini2440uboot移植----uboot基本命令之kermit
要开发移植uboot，首先要对uboot有一定的了解，起码要会使用，所以这里首先熟悉一下uboot的使用以及如何将uboot烧入mini2440。
当让，在去探究uboot之前，必须保证你的开发板上有了uboot，如果没有，请先烧入一个已经编译好的uboot，这里为了方便，我直接下载了Tekkaman Ninja大侠已经编译好的.bin文件，有需要的可以自己下载http://blogimg.chinaunix.net/blog/upfile2/100404122259.bz2
把你下载的uboot.bin烧到mini2440的nand或者nor nand的起始地址即可，烧入的方法，连接串口，连接USB下载线，选择nor falsh方式启动，输入f格式化，然后使用v命令下载uboot.bin，然后从nand方式启动，你的uboot已经烧录成功，具体方法参考mini2440的官方手册
开机启动信息：
U-Boot 2009.11 ( 4-04 2010 - 12:09:25) modified by tekkamanninja ([email protected]) Love Linux forever!! I2C: ready DRAM: 64 MB Flash: 2 MB NAND: 256 MiB Video: 240x320x16 20kHz 62Hz In: serial Out: serial Err: serial Net: dm9000 U-Boot 2009.11 ( 4-04 2010 - 12:09:25) modified by tekkamanninja ([email protected]) Love Linux forever!! Hit any key to stop autoboot: 1 0 [u-boot@MINI2440]#查看版本信息和起始地址信息：
[u-boot@MINI2440]# version U-Boot 2009.11 ( 4月 04 2010 - 12:09:25) [u-boot@MINI2440]# v U-Boot 2009.11 ( 4月 04 2010 - 12:09:25) [u-boot@MINI2440]# ba Base Address: 0x00000000 [u-boot@MINI2440]# base Base Address: 0x00000000 [u-boot@MINI2440]#查看帮助信息：
[u-boot@MINI2440]# help ? - alias for 'help' askenv - get environment variables from stdin base - print or set address offset bdinfo - print Board Info structure bmp - manipulate BMP image data boot - boot default, i.e., run 'bootcmd' bootd - boot default, i.e., run 'bootcmd' bootelf - Boot from an ELF image in memory bootm - boot application image from memory bootp - boot image via network using BOOTP/TFTP protocol bootvx - Boot vxWorks from an ELF image cmp - memory compare coninfo - print console devices and information cp - memory copy crc32 - checksum calculation date - get/set/reset date & time dcache - enable or disable data cache dhcp - boot image via network using DHCP/TFTP protocol echo - echo args to console editenv - edit environment variable eeprom - EEPROM sub-system erase - erase FLASH memory exit - exit script fatinfo - print information about filesystem fatload - load binary file from a dos filesystem fatls - list files in a directory (default /) flinfo - print FLASH memory information fsinfo - print information about filesystems fsload - load binary file from a filesystem image go - start application at address 'addr' help - print online help i2c - I2C sub-system icache - enable or disable instruction cache iminfo - print header information for application image imls - list all images found in flash imxtract- extract a part of a multi-image itest - return true/false on integer compare loadb - load binary file over serial line (kermit mode) loads - load S-Record file over serial line loadx - load binary file over serial line (xmodem mode) loady - load binary file over serial line (ymodem mode) loop - infinite loop on address range ls - list files in a directory (default /) md - memory display mm - memory modify (auto-incrementing address) mmc - MMC sub-system mtest - simple RAM read/write test mw - memory write (fill) nand - NAND sub-system nboot - boot from NAND device nfs - boot image via network using NFS protocol nm - memory modify (constant address) ping - send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST to network host printenv- print environment variables protect - enable or disable FLASH write protection rarpboot- boot image via network using RARP/TFTP protocol reginfo - print register information reset - Perform RESET of the CPU run - run commands in an environment variable saveenv - save environment variables to persistent storage setenv - set environment variables showvar - print local hushshell variables sleep - delay execution for some time source - run script from memory test - minimal test like /bin/sh tftpboot- boot image via network using TFTP protocol unzip - unzip a memory region usb - USB sub-system usbboot - boot from USB device version - print monitor version也可以单独获得某一条命令的使用帮助：
[u-boot@MINI2440]# help setenv
setenv - set environment variables
Usage:
setenv name value ...
- set environment variable 'name' to 'value ...'
setenv name环境变量与相关指令:
bootdelay 执行自启动的等候秒数
baudrate 串口控制台的波特率
metmask 以太网的网络掩码
ethaddr 以太网的mac地址
bootfile 默认下载文件
bootargs 传递给linux内核的启动参数
bootcmd 自动启动时的执行命令
serverip 文件服务器端的IP地址
stdin 标准输入设备
stdout 标准输出设备
stderr 标准出错
看看此系统下面都有哪些环境变量：
[u-boot@MINI2440]# printenv bootargs=noinitrd root=/dev/nfs rw nfsroot=192.168.0.1:/home/tekkaman/working/nfs/rootfs ip=192.168.0.2:192.168.0.1::255.255.255.0 console=ttySAC0,115200 init=/linuxrc mem=64M bootcmd=nfs 0x30008000 192.168.0.1:/home/tekkaman/working/nfs/zImage.img;bootm baudrate=115200 ethaddr=08:08:11:18:12:27 ipaddr=192.168.0.2 serverip=192.168.0.1 gatewayip=192.168.0.1 netmask=255.255.255.0 tekkaman=bmp d 70000 stdin=serial stdout=serial stderr=serial ethact=dm9000 bootdelay=5 Environment size: 470/131068 bytes上面有一个bootdelay其实少些完成后默认的是1秒，这里是5秒，我想时间停留长一点，所以这里已经做过改动，下面是设置变量的方法
[u-boot@MINI2440]# set var 1 [u-boot@MINI2440]# printent var Unknown command 'printent' - try 'help' [u-boot@MINI2440]# printenv var var=1 [u-boot@MINI2440]# set var [u-boot@MINI2440]# printenv var ## Error: "var" not defined [u-boot@MINI2440]#另外还有一个比较重要的地方，这里要说一下，最初在烧完uboot的时候显示的信息其实并不完全是我上面贴出来的打印信息，有一条信息很重要“Warning - bad CRC, using default environment”,这条信息也许每个人都会遇到，说明uboot没有在存放ENV的固态存储器中找到有效的ENV，只好使用编译时定义的默认ENV。如果uboot存放ENV的固态存储器的驱动时没有问题的，那 只要运行saveenv就可以把当前系统的所有ENV写入固态存储器中，下次启动就不会有这个警告了
下面我们要真正开始看点实际的了，怎么通过串口将数据传送到mini2440开发板，这里要说的是ubuntu上通过c-kermit数据传送，c-kermit的安装这里就不再说了，但是配置必须要说一说了，我在配置的时候可是吃了点苦头
在用户根目录下创建一个.kermrc的文件，输入一下内容：
set line /dev/ttyUSB0 set speed 115200 set carrier-watch off set handshake none set flow-control none robust set file type bin set file name lit set rec pack 1000 set send pack 1000 set window 5最开始我第一行是这样的：set line /dev/ttyS0，总是不成功，这里自己去dev下看吧
root@ubuntu:~# ls /dev/tty tty tty16 tty24 tty32 tty40 tty49 tty57 tty8 tty0 tty17 tty25 tty33 tty41 tty5 tty58 tty9 tty1 tty18 tty26 tty34 tty42 tty50 tty59 ttyS0 tty10 tty19 tty27 tty35 tty43 tty51 tty6 ttyS1 tty11 tty2 tty28 tty36 tty44 tty52 tty60 ttyS2 tty12 tty20 tty29 tty37 tty45 tty53 tty61 ttyS3 tty13 tty21 tty3 tty38 tty46 tty54 tty62 ttyUSB0 tty14 tty22 tty30 tty39 tty47 tty55 tty63 tty15 tty23 tty31 tty4 tty48 tty56 tty7 root@ubuntu:~# ls /dev/tty /dev/tty root@ubuntu:~# ls /dev/ttyUSB0 /dev/ttyUSB0然后通过kermit打开c-kermit，进入工作环境，然后输入connect连接，或者直接输入kermit -c同时实现上面两步操作，
root@ubuntu:~# kermit C-Kermit 8.0.211, 10 Apr 2004, for Linux Copyright (C) 1985, 2004, Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York. Type ? or HELP for help. (/root/) C-Kermit>connect Connecting to /dev/ttyUSB0, speed 115200 Escape character: Ctrl-\ (ASCII 28, FS): enabled Type the escape character followed by C to get back, or followed by ? to see other options. ---------------------------------------------------- T � U-Boot 2009.11 ( 4月 04 2010 - 12:09:25) modified by tekkamanninja ([email protected]) Love Linux forever!! I2C: ready DRAM: 64 MB Flash: 2 MB NAND: 256 MiB Video: 240x320x16 20kHz 62Hz In: serial Out: serial Err: serial Net: dm9000 U-Boot 2009.11 ( 4月 04 2010 - 12:09:25) modified by tekkamanninja ([email protected]) Love Linux forever!! Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0 [u-boot@MINI2440]# loadb ## Ready for binary (kermit) download to 0x30008000 at 115200 bps... (Back at ubuntu) ---------------------------------------------------- (/root/) C-Kermit>send /root/image/zImage_W35 (/root/) C-Kermit>上面send /root/image/zImage_W35传送文件界面是这样的
C-Kermit 8.0.211, 10 Apr 2004, MAGI-Linux
Current Directory: /home/tekkaman/ ~L ~]
Communication Device: /dev/ttyUSB0
Communication Speed: 115200
Parity: none
RTT/Timeout: 01 / 02
SENDING: /home/tekkaman/development/share/zImage.img => zImage.img
File Type: BINARY
File Size: 2277540
Percent Done: 19 /////////-
...10...20...30...40...50...60...70...80...90..100
Estimated Time Left: 00:03:35
Transfer Rate, CPS: 8536
Window Slots: 1 of 1
Packet Type: D
Packet Count: 557
Packet Length: 1000
Error Count: 0
Last Error:
Last Message:
X to cancel file, Z to cancel group, <CR> to resend last packet, 同时下面两行还有传输结果：
[u-boot@MINI2440]# loadb ## Ready for binary (kermit) download to 0x30008000 at 115200 bps... (Back at ubuntu) ---------------------------------------------------- C-Kermit 8.0.211, 10 Apr 2004, for Linux Copyright (C) 1985, 2004, Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York. Type ? or HELP for help. (/root/) C-Kermit>send /root/image/uboot.bin (/root/) C-Kermit>c Connecting to /dev/ttyUSB0, speed 115200 Escape character: Ctrl-\ (ASCII 28, FS): enabled Type the escape character followed by C to get back, or followed by ? to see other options. ---------------------------------------------------- ## Total Size = 0x0003e8dc = 256220 Bytes ## Start Addr = 0x30008000 [u-boot@MINI2440]#输入c后退出传输界面，返回到串口终端，继续接收串口显示
待续。。。。