WMSYS.WM_CONCAT的用法 行列转置
select t.rank, t.Name from t_menu_item t;
10 CLARK
10 KING
10 MILLER
20 ADAMS
20 FORD
20 JONES
20 SCOTT
20 SMITH
30 ALLEN
30 BLAKE
30 JAMES
30 MARTIN
30 TURNER
30 WARD
--------------------------------
我们通过 10g 所提供的 WMSYS.WM_CONCAT 函数即可以完成 行转列的效果
select t.rank, WMSYS.WM_CONCAT(t.Name) TIME From t_menu_item t GROUP BY t.rank;
DEPTNO ENAME
------ ----------
10 CLARK, KING, MILLER
20 ADAMS, FORD, JONES, SCOTT, SMITH
30 ALLEN, BLAKE, JAMES, MARTIN, TURNER, WARD
例子如下：
SQL> create table idtable (id number,name varchar2(30));
Table created
SQL> insert into idtable values(10,'ab');
1 row inserted
SQL> insert into idtable values(10,'bc');
1 row inserted
SQL> insert into idtable values(10,'cd');
1 row inserted
SQL> insert into idtable values(20,'hi');
1 row inserted
SQL> insert into idtable values(20,'ij');
1 row inserted
SQL> insert into idtable values(20,'mn');
1 row inserted
SQL> select * from idtable;
ID NAME
---------- ------------------------------
10 ab
10 bc
10 cd
20 hi
20 ij
20 mn
6 rows selected
SQL> select id,wmsys.wm_concat(name) name from idtable
2 group by id;
ID NAME
---------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10 ab,bc,cd
20 hi,ij,mn
SQL> select id,wmsys.wm_concat(name) over (order by id) name from idtable;
ID NAME
---------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10 ab,bc,cd
10 ab,bc,cd
10 ab,bc,cd
20 ab,bc,cd,hi,ij,mn
20 ab,bc,cd,hi,ij,mn
20 ab,bc,cd,hi,ij,mn
6 rows selected
SQL> select id,wmsys.wm_concat(name) over (order by id,name) name from idtable;
ID NAME
---------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10 ab
10 ab,bc
10 ab,bc,cd
20 ab,bc,cd,hi
20 ab,bc,cd,hi,ij
20 ab,bc,cd,hi,ij,mn
6 rows selected
个人觉得这个用法比较有趣.
SQL> select id,wmsys.wm_concat(name) over (partition by id) name from idtable;
ID NAME
---------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10 ab,bc,cd
10 ab,bc,cd
10 ab,bc,cd
20 hi,ij,mn
20 hi,ij,mn
20 hi,ij,mn
6 rows selected
SQL> select id,wmsys.wm_concat(name) over (partition by id,name) name from idtable;
ID NAME
---------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10 ab
10 bc
10 cd
20 hi
20 ij
20 mn
6 rows selected
ps:
wmsys.wm_concat、sys_connect_by_path、自定义行数实现行列转换：
CREATE TABLE tab_name(ID INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,cName VARCHAR2(20));
CREATE TABLE tab_name2(ID INTEGER NOT NULL,pName VARCHAR2(20));
INSERT INTO tab_name(ID,cName) VALUES (1,'百度');
INSERT INTO tab_name(ID,cName) VALUES (2,'Google');
INSERT INTO tab_name(ID,cName) VALUES (3,'网易');
INSERT INTO tab_name2(ID,pName) VALUES (1,'研发部');
INSERT INTO tab_name2(ID,pName) VALUES (1,'市场部');
INSERT INTO tab_name2(ID,pName) VALUES (2,'研发部');
INSERT INTO tab_name2(ID,pName) VALUES (2,'平台架构');
INSERT INTO tab_name2(ID,pName) VALUES (3,'研发部');
COMMIT;
期望结果：
ID cName pName
1 百度 研发部,市场部
2 Google 研发部
3 网易 研发部,平台架构
方法一:使用wmsys.wm_concat()
SELECT t1.ID,t1.cName,wmsys.wm_concat(t2.pName) FROM tab_name t1,tab_name2 t2 WHERE t1.ID=t2.ID GROUP BY t1.cName,t1.id;
方法二:使用sys_connect_by_path
select id, cName, ltrim(max(sys_connect_by_path(pName, ',')), ',') from (select row_number() over(PARTITION by t1.id ORDER by cName) r,t1.*, t2.pName from tab_name t1, tab_name2 t2 where t1.id = t2.id)
start with r=1 CONNECT by prior r =r-1 and prior id = id group by id ,cName order by id;
方法三:使用自定义函数
create or replace function coltorow(midId INT) RETURN VARCHAR2 is
Result VARCHAR2(1000);
begin
FOR cur IN (SELECT pName FROM tab_name2 t2 WHERE midId=t2.id) LOOP
RESULT:=RESULT||cur.pName||',';
END LOOP;
RESULT:=rtrim(RESULT,',');
return(Result);
end coltorow;
SELECT t1.*,coltorow(t1.ID) FROM tab_name t1,tab_name2 t2 WHERE t1.ID=t2.ID GROUP BY t1.ID,t1.cname ORDER BY t1.ID;