Android学习记录(2)—Android中数据库的常见操作

  android中数据库操作是非常常见了,我们会经常用到,操作的方法也有很多种形式,这里我就把最常见的两种形式记录下来了,以备以后用到方便查看。我就不写注释和解释了,因为android数据库的操作和其它数据库操作本质上都是一样的,大同小异。需要的一些基本解释都在代码中,直接上代码了。

   简单的代码文件目录:

Android学习记录(2)—Android中数据库的常见操作_第1张图片Android学习记录(2)—Android中数据库的常见操作_第2张图片

首先这个类是数据库帮助类,DBHelper.java,代码如下:

package net.loonggg.db;

import android.content.Context;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper;

/**
 * 数据库帮助类,继承android自带的SQLiteOpenHelper 主要用于数据库的创建与更新
 * 
 * @author loonggg
 * 
 */
public class DBHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {

	public DBHelper(Context context) {
		super(context, DBInfo.DB.DB_NAME, null, DBInfo.DB.DB_VERSION);
	}

	@Override
	public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
		db.execSQL(DBInfo.Table.USER_INFO_CREATE);
	}

	@Override
	public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
		db.execSQL(DBInfo.Table.USER_INFO_DROP);
		onCreate(db);
	}

}
其次是数据库信息类,DBInfo.java,代码如下:

package net.loonggg.db;

/**
 * 数据库信息类,主要是保存一些数据库的版本,名字,及数据库表的创建语句和表的信息等,通过这个类记录,方便操作
 * 
 * @author loonggg
 * 
 */
public class DBInfo {
	/**
	 * 数据库信息
	 * 
	 * @author loonggg
	 * 
	 */
	public static class DB {
		// 数据库名称
		public static final String DB_NAME = "test.db";
		// 数据库的版本号
		public static final int DB_VERSION = 1;
	}

	/**
	 * 数据库表的信息
	 * 
	 * @author loonggg
	 * 
	 */
	public static class Table {
		public static final String USER_INFO_TB_NAME = "user_table";
		public static final String USER_INFO_CREATE = "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "
				+ USER_INFO_TB_NAME
				+ " ( _id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,userId text,userName text)";
		public static final String USER_INFO_DROP = "DROP TABLE"
				+ USER_INFO_TB_NAME;
	}
}
再次是数据库操作类,DBService.java,代码如下:

package net.loonggg.service;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;

import net.loonggg.db.DBHelper;
import net.loonggg.db.DBInfo.Table;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.content.Context;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;

/**
 * 数据库操作类,这个类主要的功能是:存放数据库操作的一些方法 这里有一些例子:包含数据库的增删改查,分别有两种方法的操作,各有优缺点,都在解释中
 * 
 * @author loonggg
 * 
 */
public class DBService {
	private DBHelper dbHelper = null;

	public DBService(Context context) {
		dbHelper = new DBHelper(context);
	}

	/**
	 * 添加一条记录到数据库
	 * 
	 * @param id
	 * @param name
	 */
	public void add(String id, String name) {
		SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
		// 不好之处:无返回值,无法判断是否插入成功
		db.execSQL("insert into user_table (userId,userName) values (?,?)",
				new Object[] { id, name });
		db.close();
	}

	public long addAndroid(String id, String name) {
		SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
		ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
		values.put("userId", id);
		values.put("userName", name);
		// 好处:有返回值
		long result = db.insert(Table.USER_INFO_TB_NAME, null, values);// 返回值是插入的是第几行,大于0代表添加成功
		db.close();
		return result;
	}

	/**
	 * 查询某条记录是否存在
	 * 
	 * @param name
	 * @return
	 */
	public boolean find(String name) {
		SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();
		Cursor cursor = db.rawQuery(
				"select * from user_table where userName = ?",
				new String[] { name });
		boolean result = cursor.moveToNext();
		db.close();
		return result;
	}

	public boolean findAndroid(String name) {
		SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();
		Cursor cursor = db.query(Table.USER_INFO_TB_NAME, null, "userName = ?",
				new String[] { name }, null, null, null);
		boolean result = cursor.moveToNext();// true代表查找到了
		db.close();
		return result;
	}

	/**
	 * 修改一条记录
	 * 
	 * @param id
	 * @param name
	 */
	public void update(String id, String name) {
		SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
		// 缺点无返回值
		db.execSQL("update user_table set userName = ? where userId = ?",
				new Object[] { name, id });
		db.close();
	}

	public int updateAndroid(String id, String name) {
		SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
		ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
		values.put("userName", name);
		// 返回值大于0代表修改更新成功
		int result = db.update(Table.USER_INFO_TB_NAME, values, "userId = ?",
				new String[] { id });
		db.close();
		return result;
	}

	/**
	 * 删除一条记录
	 * 
	 * @param name
	 */
	public void delete(String name) {
		SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
		db.execSQL("delete from user_table where userName = ?",
				new String[] { name });
		db.close();
	}

	public int deleteAndroid(String name) {
		SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
		int result = db.delete(Table.USER_INFO_TB_NAME, "userName = ?",
				new String[] { name });// 返回值为受影响的行数,大于0代表成功
		db.close();
		return result;
	}

	/**
	 * 返回所有的数据库信息
	 * 
	 * @return
	 */
	public List<HashMap<String, String>> findAll() {
		List<HashMap<String, String>> list = null;
		SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();
		Cursor cursor = db.rawQuery("select * from user_table", null);
		if (cursor.getCount() > 0) {
			list = new ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>>();
			while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
				String id = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("userId"));
				String name = cursor.getString(cursor
						.getColumnIndex("userName"));
				HashMap<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
				map.put("id", id);
				map.put("name", name);
				list.add(map);
			}
		}
		cursor.close();
		db.close();
		return list;
	}

	public List<HashMap<String, String>> findAllAndroid() {
		List<HashMap<String, String>> list = null;
		SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();
		Cursor cursor = db.query(Table.USER_INFO_TB_NAME, new String[] {
				"userId", "userName" }, null, null, null, null, null);
		if (cursor.getCount() > 0) {
			list = new ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>>();
			while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
				String id = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("userId"));
				String name = cursor.getString(cursor
						.getColumnIndex("userName"));
				HashMap<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
				map.put("id", id);
				map.put("name", name);
				list.add(map);
			}
		}
		cursor.close();
		db.close();
		return list;
	}

}
最后是MainActivity,简单的调用了一下,这些操作,代码如下:

package net.loonggg.test;

import net.loonggg.service.DBService;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
	private Button queryOne;
	private Button insert;
	private Button update;
	private Button delete;
	private Button findAll;
	private DBService service;

	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
		queryOne = (Button) findViewById(R.id.queryOne);
		insert = (Button) findViewById(R.id.insert);
		update = (Button) findViewById(R.id.update);
		delete = (Button) findViewById(R.id.delete);
		findAll = (Button) findViewById(R.id.findAll);
		queryOne.setOnClickListener(new ButtonListener());
		insert.setOnClickListener(new ButtonListener());
		update.setOnClickListener(new ButtonListener());
		delete.setOnClickListener(new ButtonListener());
		findAll.setOnClickListener(new ButtonListener());
		service = new DBService(this);
	}

	class ButtonListener implements View.OnClickListener {

		@Override
		public void onClick(View v) {
			switch (v.getId()) {
			case R.id.queryOne:
				// service.find("loonggg");
				service.findAndroid("loonggg");
				break;
			case R.id.insert:
				// service.add("1", "loonggg");
				service.addAndroid("2", "heihei");
				break;
			case R.id.update:
				// service.update("1", "timmy");
				service.updateAndroid("1", "haha");
				break;
			case R.id.delete:
				// service.delete("timmy");
				service.deleteAndroid("heihei");
				break;
			case R.id.findAll:
				// service.findAll();
				service.findAllAndroid();
				break;

			default:
				break;
			}
		}
	}

}
还有MainActivity对应的布局文件,activity_main.xml:

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/queryOne"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="查询一条记录" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/insert"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="添加" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/update"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="修改" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/delete"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="删除" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/findAll"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="查询全部" />

</LinearLayout>
到这里就介绍完了,这些代码并不高深,之所以记录下来,是留着以后用到的时候方便查看,当然这个代码对于初学者,还是非常有帮助的。

转载请说明出处:http://blog.csdn.net/loongggdroid/article/details/17463777



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