LeetCode 290 Word Pattern(单词模式)(istringstream、vector、map)(*)

翻译

给定一个模式,和一个字符串str,返回str是否符合相同的模式。

这里的符合意味着完全的匹配,所以这是一个一对多的映射,在pattern中是一个字母,在str中是一个为空的单词。

例如:
pattern = "abba"str = "dog cat cat dog" 应该返回真。
pattern = "abba"str = "dog cat cat fish" 应该返回假。
pattern = "aaaa"str = "dog cat cat dog" 应该返回假。
pattern = "abba"str = "dog dog dog dog" 应该返回假。

批注:
你可以假定pattern中只包含小写字母,在str中只包含被单个空格隔开的小写字母。

原文

Given a pattern and a string str, find if str follows the same pattern.

Here follow means a full match, such that there is a bijection between a letter in pattern and a non-empty word in str.

Examples:
pattern = "abba", str = "dog cat cat dog" should return true.
pattern = "abba", str = "dog cat cat fish" should return false.
pattern = "aaaa", str = "dog cat cat dog" should return false.
pattern = "abba", str = "dog dog dog dog" should return false.
Notes:
You may assume pattern contains only lowercase letters, and str contains lowercase letters separated by a single space.

分析

我发现我真是越来越爱LeetCode了 ……

今天刚做了一道类似的题目:

LeetCode 205 Isomorphic Strings(同构的字符串)(string、vector、map)(*)

只不过本题是升级版的,之前是字母匹配字母,现在是字母匹配单词了。之前的题目示例如下:

For example,
Given "egg", "add", return true.

Given "foo", "bar", return false.

Given "paper", "title", return true.

当时我们实现了这么一个函数:

vector<int> getVecOrder(string str) {
    map<char, int> strM;
    int index = 0;
    vector<int> strVec;
    for (int i = 0; i < str.size(); ++i) {
        auto iter = strM.find(str[i]);
        if (iter == strM.end()) {
            strM.insert(pair<char, int>(str[i], index));
            strVec.push_back(index);
            index += 1;
        }
        else {
            strVec.push_back(strM[str[i]]);
        }
    }
    return strVec;
}

它能够根据字符串生成序列:

For example,

Given "paper", return "01023".

Given "foo", return "011".

Given "isomorphic", return "0123245607".

现在的需求也是类似的,只不过更加升级了一点而已:

For example,

Given "dog cat cat dog", return "0110".
Given "dog cat cat fish", return "0112".
Given "Word Pattern", return "01".

所以就封装了如下函数:

vector<int> getVecOrderPro(string str) {
    istringstream sstream(str);
    string tempStr;
    vector<string> strVec;
    while (!sstream.eof()) {
        getline(sstream, tempStr, ' ');
        strVec.push_back(tempStr);
    }

    map<string, int> strNumMap;
    int strNumIndex = 0;
    vector<int> orderNumVec;
    for (int i = 0; i < strVec.size(); ++i) {
        auto iter = strNumMap.find(strVec[i]);
        if (iter == strNumMap.end()) {
            strNumMap.insert(pair<string, int>(strVec[i], strNumIndex));
            orderNumVec.push_back(strNumIndex);
            strNumIndex += 1;
        }
        else {
            orderNumVec.push_back(strNumMap[strVec[i]]);
        }
    }
    return orderNumVec;             
}

首先需要对整个长长的字符串进行根据空格进行切割,切割成的单个的字符串并添加到vector数组中,使用了流的相关函数。

后面的部分就和之前的一样了,因为是个封装好的函数了,对变量名也进行了一定的修改,前面的那个函数由此修改如下:

vector<int> getVecOrder(string str) {
    map<char, int> charNumMap;
    int charNumIndex = 0;
    vector<int> orderNumVec;
    for (int i = 0; i < str.size(); ++i) {
        auto iter = charNumMap.find(str[i]);
        if (iter == charNumMap.end()) {
            charNumMap.insert(pair<char, int>(str[i], charNumIndex));
            orderNumVec.push_back(charNumIndex);
            charNumIndex += 1;
        }
        else {
            orderNumVec.push_back(charNumMap[str[i]]);
        }
    }
    return orderNumVec;
}

最后的比较如下,因为题目没有说pattern和str的长度一致,也就是说如果最后的索引长度不匹配了那肯定就是false了。所以多加一行:

bool wordPattern(string pattern, string str) {
    vector<int> pattern_v = getVecOrder(pattern), str_v = getVecOrderPro(str);
    if (pattern_v.size() != str_v.size()) return false;
    for (int i = 0; i < pattern_v.size(); ++i) {
        if (pattern_v[i] != str_v[i]) return false;
    }                                                               
    return true;
}

代码

class Solution {
public:      
    vector<int> getVecOrder(string str) {
        map<char, int> charNumMap;
        int charNumIndex = 0;
        vector<int> orderNumVec;
        for (int i = 0; i < str.size(); ++i) {
            auto iter = charNumMap.find(str[i]);
            if (iter == charNumMap.end()) {
                charNumMap.insert(pair<char, int>(str[i], charNumIndex));
                orderNumVec.push_back(charNumIndex);
                charNumIndex += 1;
            }
            else {
                orderNumVec.push_back(charNumMap[str[i]]);
            }
        }
        return orderNumVec;
    }

    vector<int> getVecOrderPro(string str) {
        istringstream sstream(str);
        string tempStr;
        vector<string> strVec;
        while (!sstream.eof()) {
            getline(sstream, tempStr, ' ');
            strVec.push_back(tempStr);
        }

        map<string, int> strNumMap;
        int strNumIndex = 0;
        vector<int> orderNumVec;
        for (int i = 0; i < strVec.size(); ++i) {
            auto iter = strNumMap.find(strVec[i]);
            if (iter == strNumMap.end()) {
                strNumMap.insert(pair<string, int>(strVec[i], strNumIndex));
                orderNumVec.push_back(strNumIndex);
                strNumIndex += 1;
            }
            else {
                orderNumVec.push_back(strNumMap[strVec[i]]);
            }
        }
        return orderNumVec;
    }

    bool wordPattern(string pattern, string str) {
        vector<int> pattern_v = getVecOrder(pattern), str_v = getVecOrderPro(str);
        if (pattern_v.size() != str_v.size()) return false;
        for (int i = 0; i < pattern_v.size(); ++i) {
            if (pattern_v[i] != str_v[i]) return false;
        }
        return true;
    }       
};

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