如何枚举windows系统中的所有设备

 

对于在linux下，我们可以读取/proc/partitions来获得系统中所有的硬盘和分区的各个设备名，但对于windows下，我们又如何获得系统下的各个设备呢，这里用了windows下的API －－－ FindFirstVolume、 FindNextVolume 和 FindVolumeClose。

这些API可以枚举windows系统下的各个设备。

 

以下的程序摘自微软的msdn上的例子程序，用于显示系统中的所有设备和卷的路径名。对于每个卷，例子中的程序将会查找系统中的每个卷，程序将获得卷的设备名和卷的路径名，并显示出了。

 

 

#include <windows.h> #include <stdio.h> void DisplayVolumePaths( __in PWCHAR VolumeName ) { DWORD CharCount = MAX_PATH + 1; PWCHAR Names = NULL; PWCHAR NameIdx = NULL; BOOL Success = FALSE; for (;;) { // // Allocate a buffer to hold the paths. Names = (PWCHAR) new BYTE [CharCount * sizeof(WCHAR)]; if ( !Names ) { // // If memory can't be allocated, return. return; } // // Obtain all of the paths // for this volume. Success = GetVolumePathNamesForVolumeNameW( VolumeName, Names, CharCount, &CharCount ); if ( Success ) { break; } if ( GetLastError() != ERROR_MORE_DATA ) { break; } // // Try again with the // new suggested size. delete [] Names; Names = NULL; } if ( Success ) { // // Display the various paths. for ( NameIdx = Names; NameIdx[0] != L'/0'; NameIdx += wcslen(NameIdx) + 1 ) { wprintf(L" %s", NameIdx); } wprintf(L"/n"); } if ( Names != NULL ) { delete [] Names; Names = NULL; } return; } void __cdecl wmain(void) { DWORD CharCount = 0; WCHAR DeviceName[MAX_PATH] = L""; DWORD Error = ERROR_SUCCESS; HANDLE FindHandle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE; BOOL Found = FALSE; size_t Index = 0; BOOL Success = FALSE; WCHAR VolumeName[MAX_PATH] = L""; // // Enumerate all volumes in the system. FindHandle = FindFirstVolumeW(VolumeName, ARRAYSIZE(VolumeName)); if (FindHandle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) { Error = GetLastError(); wprintf(L"FindFirstVolumeW failed with error code %d/n", Error); return; } for (;;) { // // Skip the //?/ prefix and remove the trailing backslash. Index = wcslen(VolumeName) - 1; if (VolumeName[0] != L'//' || VolumeName[1] != L'//' || VolumeName[2] != L'?' || VolumeName[3] != L'//' || VolumeName[Index] != L'//') { Error = ERROR_BAD_PATHNAME; wprintf(L"FindFirstVolumeW/FindNextVolumeW returned a bad path: %s/n", VolumeName); break; } // // QueryDosDeviceW doesn't allow a trailing backslash, // so temporarily remove it. VolumeName[Index] = L'/0'; CharCount = QueryDosDeviceW(&VolumeName[4], DeviceName, ARRAYSIZE(DeviceName)); VolumeName[Index] = L'//'; if ( CharCount == 0 ) { Error = GetLastError(); wprintf(L"QueryDosDeviceW failed with error code %d/n", Error); break; } wprintf(L"/nFound a device:/n %s", DeviceName); wprintf(L"/nVolume name: %s", VolumeName); wprintf(L"/nPaths:"); DisplayVolumePaths(VolumeName); // // Move on to the next volume. Success = FindNextVolumeW(FindHandle, VolumeName, ARRAYSIZE(VolumeName)); if ( !Success ) { Error = GetLastError(); if (Error != ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES) { wprintf(L"FindNextVolumeW failed with error code %d/n", Error); break; } // // Finished iterating // through all the volumes. Error = ERROR_SUCCESS; break; } } FindVolumeClose(FindHandle); FindHandle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE; return; }

 

下面是程序输出中的一个例子，对于每个卷，输出它的卷设备路径，卷GUID路径和设备字符。

Found a device:

 /Device/HarddiskVolume2

Volume name: //?/Volume{4c1b02c1-d990-11dc-99ae-806e6f6e6963}/

Paths:  C:/



Found a device:

 /Device/CdRom0

Volume name: //?/Volume{4c1b02c4-d990-11dc-99ae-806e6f6e6963}/

Paths:  D:/