OCM_session0手动建库实验

Section 0 :创建数据库(即手动建库)

1. Create a database the sid name is PROD

2. Don't run the Script catalog.sql and catproc.sql

参考联机文档：

Reference ==> Basic Initialization Parameters

http://docs.oracle.com/cd/B19306_01/server.102/b14237/initparams002.htm#CJAJHDED

Administrator's Guide ==> Step 7: Issue the CREATE DATABASE Statement

http://docs.oracle.com/cd/B19306_01/server.102/b14231/create.htm#sthref242

检查环境

创建密码文件

创建对应目录

创建pfile参数文件

创建spfile参数文件

创建数据库脚本

执行创建数据库脚本

• 1.检查ORACLE_SID=PROD

[root@ocm1 ~]# su - oracle

[oracle@ocm1 ~]$ cat .bash_profile

# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then

        . ~/.bashrc

fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1

export ORACLE_SID=testdb

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

export PATH

[oracle@ocm1 ~]$ vi .bash_profile

# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then

        . ~/.bashrc 

fi        

         

# User specific environment and startup programs

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1

export ORACLE_SID=PROD

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

    

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

export PATH 

~   

~   

~   

~

~

".bash_profile" 18L, 376C written                             

[oracle@ocm1 ~]$ source .bash_profile

[oracle@ocm1 ~]$ cat .bash_profile

# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then

        . ~/.bashrc

fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1

export ORACLE_SID=PROD

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

export PATH

[oracle@ocm1 ~]$ 

检查ORACLE_SID是否已经修改好

[oracle@ocm1 ~]$ env |grep ORA

ORACLE_SID=PROD

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1

或者

[oracle@ocm1 ~]$ env |grep -i sid

ORACLE_SID=PROD

• 2.创建密码文件

[oracle@ocm1 ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs

[oracle@ocm1 dbs]$ ll

total 32

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 12920 May  3  2001 initdw.ora

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  8385 Sep 11  1998 init.ora

[oracle@ocm1 dbs]$ orapwd file=orapwPROD password=oracle entries=30

[oracle@ocm1 dbs]$ ll

total 40

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 12920 May  3  2001 initdw.ora

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  8385 Sep 11  1998 init.ora

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  5120 Mar 18 09:54 orapwPROD

• 3.创建所需要的目录

[oracle@ocm1 dbs]$ mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/admin/PROD/adump

[oracle@ocm1 dbs]$ mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/admin/PROD/bdump

[oracle@ocm1 dbs]$ mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/admin/PROD/cdump

[oracle@ocm1 dbs]$ mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/admin/PROD/udump

[oracle@ocm1 dbs]$ mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/PROD/Disk1

[oracle@ocm1 dbs]$ mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/PROD/Disk2/arch

[oracle@ocm1 dbs]$ mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/PROD/Disk3

[oracle@ocm1 dbs]$ mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/PROD/Disk4

[oracle@ocm1 dbs]$ mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/PROD/Disk5

• 4.创建参数文件

Reference--Basic Initialization Parameters

创建参数文件

[oracle@ocm1 ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs

[oracle@ocm1 dbs]$ pwd

/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs

[oracle@ocm1 dbs]$ vi initPROD.ora

CONTROL_FILES=('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/Disk1/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/Disk1/control02.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/Disk1/control03.ctl')

DB_BLOCK_SIZE=8192

DB_CREATE_FILE_DEST=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/Disk1

DB_CREATE_ONLINE_LOG_DEST_1=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/Disk1

DB_NAME=PROD

JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=10

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='location=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/Disk2/arch'

PROCESSES=200

SGA_TARGET=500M

BACKGROUND_DUMP_DEST=/u01/app/oracle/admin/PROD/bdump

CORE_DUMP_DEST=/u01/app/oracle/admin/PROD/cdump

USER_DUMP_DEST=/u01/app/oracle/admin/PROD/udump

UNDO_MANAGEMENT=auto

UNDO_TABLESPACE=undotbs1

UNDO_RETENTION=5400

~

~

"initPROD.ora" [New] 16L, 705C written 

• 5.使用pfile启动到nomount状态。创建spfile，使用spfile来强制启动，startup force nomount.

[oracle@ocm1 dbs]$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Mar 18 10:09:25 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup nomount

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  524288000 bytes

Fixed Size                  1220360 bytes

Variable Size             146800888 bytes

Database Buffers          373293056 bytes

Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes

SQL> create spfile from pfile;

File created.

此时是以pfile启动的

SQL> show parameters spfile

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

spfile                               string

或者查询ISSPECIFIED为false就是pfile启动的。

SQL> select distinct ISSPECIFIED from v$spparameter;

ISSPEC

------

FALSE

强制重新启动

SQL> startup force nomount

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  524288000 bytes

Fixed Size                  1220360 bytes

Variable Size             146800888 bytes

Database Buffers          373293056 bytes

Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes

查看是以spfile文件启动的

SQL> show parameters spfile

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

spfile                               string      /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/spfilePROD.ora

或者查看ISSPECIFIED，有true即为spfile启动的数据库

SQL> select distinct ISSPECIFIED from v$spparameter;

ISSPEC

------

FALSE

TRUE

SQL> 

• 6.创建数据库脚本

SQL> CREATE DATABASE PROD

  2     USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY oracle

  3     USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY oracle

  4     LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/Disk1/redo01.log') SIZE 100M,

  5             GROUP 2 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/Disk1/redo02.log') SIZE 100M,

  6             GROUP 3 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/Disk1/redo03.log') SIZE 100M

  7     MAXLOGFILES 5

  8     MAXLOGMEMBERS 5

  9     MAXLOGHISTORY 1

 10     MAXDATAFILES 100

 11     MAXINSTANCES 1

 12     CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8

 13     NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16

 14     DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/Disk1/system01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE

 15     EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL

 16     SYSAUX DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/Disk1/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE

 17     DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE tempts1

 18        TEMPFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/Disk1/temp01.dbf'

 19        SIZE 20M REUSE

 20     UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs1

 21        DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/Disk1/undotbs01.dbf'

 22        SIZE 100M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED;

Database created.

在数据库创建时可以查看下告警日志

[root@ocm1 ~]# su - oracle

[oracle@ocm1 ~]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/admin/PROD/bdump

[oracle@ocm1 bdump]$ ll

total 4

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 3488 Mar 18 10:11 alert_PROD.log

[oracle@ocm1 bdump]$ tail -f alert_PROD.log 

Tue Mar 18 10:18:51 2014

CREATE DATABASE PROD

   USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY ****USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY ****LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/Disk1/redo01.log') SIZE 100M,

           GROUP 2 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/Disk1/redo02.log') SIZE 100M,

           GROUP 3 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/Disk1/redo03.log') SIZE 100M

   MAXLOGFILES 5

   MAXLOGMEMBERS 5

   MAXLOGHISTORY 1

   MAXDATAFILES 100

   MAXINSTANCES 1

   CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8

   NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16

   DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/Disk1/system01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE

   EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL

   SYSAUX DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/Disk1/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE

   DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE tempts1

      TEMPFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/Disk1/temp01.dbf'

      SIZE 20M REUSE

   UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs1

      DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/Disk1/undotbs01.dbf'

      SIZE 100M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED

Tue Mar 18 10:18:53 2014

Database mounted in Exclusive Mode

Tue Mar 18 10:19:16 2014

Successful mount of redo thread 1, with mount id 254364939

Assigning activation ID 254364939 (0xf294d0b)

Thread 1 opened at log sequence 1

  Current log# 1 seq# 1 mem# 0: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/Disk1/redo01.log

Successful open of redo thread 1

Tue Mar 18 10:19:16 2014

MTTR advisory is disabled because FAST_START_MTTR_TARGET is not set

Tue Mar 18 10:19:16 2014

SMON: enabling cache recovery

Tue Mar 18 10:19:16 2014

create tablespace SYSTEM datafile  '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/Disk1/system01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE

   

  EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL online

Tue Mar 18 10:19:38 2014

Completed: create tablespace SYSTEM datafile  '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/Disk1/system01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE

   

  EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL online

Tue Mar 18 10:19:38 2014

create rollback segment SYSTEM tablespace SYSTEM

  storage (initial 50K next 50K)

Completed: create rollback segment SYSTEM tablespace SYSTEM

  storage (initial 50K next 50K)

Tue Mar 18 10:19:55 2014

CREATE UNDO TABLESPACE UNDOTBS1 DATAFILE  '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/Disk1/undotbs01.dbf'

      SIZE 100M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED

Tue Mar 18 10:20:04 2014

Successfully onlined Undo Tablespace 1.

Completed: CREATE UNDO TABLESPACE UNDOTBS1 DATAFILE  '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/Disk1/undotbs01.dbf'

      SIZE 100M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED

Tue Mar 18 10:20:04 2014

create tablespace SYSAUX datafile  '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/Disk1/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE

   

  EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO online

Tue Mar 18 10:20:24 2014

Completed: create tablespace SYSAUX datafile  '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/Disk1/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE

   

  EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO online

Tue Mar 18 10:20:25 2014

CREATE TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TEMPTS1 TEMPFILE  '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/Disk1/temp01.dbf'

      SIZE 20M REUSE

   

Completed: CREATE TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TEMPTS1 TEMPFILE  '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/Disk1/temp01.dbf'

      SIZE 20M REUSE

   

Tue Mar 18 10:20:25 2014

ALTER DATABASE DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TEMPTS1

Completed: ALTER DATABASE DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TEMPTS1

Tue Mar 18 10:20:26 2014

ALTER DATABASE DEFAULT TABLESPACE SYSTEM 

Completed: ALTER DATABASE DEFAULT TABLESPACE SYSTEM 

Tue Mar 18 10:20:33 2014

SMON: enabling tx recovery

Tue Mar 18 10:20:37 2014

Threshold validation cannot be done before catproc is loaded.

replication_dependency_tracking turned off (no async multimaster replication found)

Starting background process QMNC

QMNC started with pid=14, OS id=3903

Tue Mar 18 10:20:39 2014

Completed: CREATE DATABASE PROD

   USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY ****USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY ****LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/Disk1/redo01.log') SIZE 100M,

           GROUP 2 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/Disk1/redo02.log') SIZE 100M,

           GROUP 3 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/Disk1/redo03.log') SIZE 100M

   MAXLOGFILES 5

   MAXLOGMEMBERS 5

   MAXLOGHISTORY 1

   MAXDATAFILES 100

   MAXINSTANCES 1

   CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8

   NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16

   DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/Disk1/system01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE

   EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL

   SYSAUX DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/Disk1/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE

   DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE tempts1

      TEMPFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/Disk1/temp01.dbf'

      SIZE 20M REUSE

   UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs1

      DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/Disk1/undotbs01.dbf'

      SIZE 100M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED

TIMES: 45 minutes 

1. Database Setup and Undo Management

 1.1 Run the minimum required scripts to complete the basic configuration of the PROD database.

1.2 Set up automatic undo management in the PROD database to support the following requirements:

  1.2.1 Avoid ORA-01555 Snapshot too old errors for queries running up to 90 minues on average.

  1.2.2 The number or concurrent OLTP users will be approximately 120 during normal business hours.

  1.2.3 The number or concurrent batch processes that will run in the evenings and weekends will approximately 12 to 15  

• 7.跑脚本，跑catalog和catporc这两个脚本

• 1.1 Run the minimum required scripts to complete the basic configuration of the PROD database.

SQL> @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql

SQL> @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL> select open_mode from v$database;

OPEN_MODE

----------

READ WRITE

1 row selected.

•   1.2.1 Avoid ORA-01555 Snapshot too old errors for queries running up to 90 minues on average.

SQL> alter system set undo_retention=5400;

System altered.

•  1.2.2 The number or concurrent OLTP users will be approximately 120 during normal business hours.

SQL> alter system set processes=135 scope=spfile;

System altered.

• 1.2.3 The number or concurrent batch processes that will run in the evenings and weekends will approximately 12 to 15  

SQL> alter system set job_queue_processes=15;

System altered.

SQL> shutdown immediate

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  524288000 bytes

Fixed Size                  1220360 bytes

Variable Size             150995192 bytes

Database Buffers          369098752 bytes

Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

SQL>