自定义MFC打开/保存对话框的扩展名

  • “打开文件”对话框

这里的顶目名称是D-TriNet,文档扩展名是.dtn和.csv。

要让打开/保存对话框支持多个扩展名,最简单的方法是修改资源文件中的IDR_DTriNetTYPE字段:

STRINGTABLE 
BEGIN
    IDR_MAINFRAME           "D-TriNet"
    IDR_DTriNetTYPE         "\nDTriNet\nD-TriNet\nD-TriNet 
    Files(*.dtn;*.csv)\n.dtn;.csv\nDTriNet.Document\nD-TriNet.Document"
END
这样做的不足是,文件虽然可以有多个扩展名,但仍然只分为两类:"D-TriNet Files"和"All Files"。
要想更细致地分类,需要重写相关的虚函数,具体做法不唯一,我觉得比较好的一种是重写CDocManager::DoPromptFileName。

下面的文字有些凌乱,因为它的内容是按照我的探索过程组织的。

首先考虑打开对话框。第一步是要弄清,打开对话框是什么时候(在哪)弹出来的?

默认情况下,CDTriNetApp调用CWinApp::OnFileOpen方法处理FileOpen事件:

ON_COMMAND(ID_FILE_OPEN, &CWinApp::OnFileOpen)
CWinApp::OnFileOpen又调用CDocManager::OnFileOpen处理FileOpen事件:
void CWinApp::OnFileOpen()
{
    ENSURE(m_pDocManager != NULL);
    m_pDocManager->OnFileOpen();
}
CDocManager::OnFileOpen显示对话框与用户交互,然后调用CWinApp::OpenDocumentFile方法:
void CDocManager::OnFileOpen()
{
    // prompt the user (with all document templates)
    CString newName;
    if (!DoPromptFileName(newName, AFX_IDS_OPENFILE,
        OFN_HIDEREADONLY | OFN_FILEMUSTEXIST, TRUE, NULL))
	return; // open cancelled

    AfxGetApp()->OpenDocumentFile(newName);
    // if returns NULL, the user has already been alerted
}
显然,一种可能的解决办法是绕过CWinApp和CDocManager,在CDTriNetApp::OnFileOpen方法中显示自定义对话框,然后调用CWinApp::OpenDocumentFile方法。

ON_COMMAND(ID_FILE_OPEN, &CDTriNetApp::OnFileOpen)
void CDTriNetApp::OnFileOpen()
{
    LPCTSTR szFilter = L"DTriNet文件(*.dtn)|*.dtn|CSV文件(*.csv)|*.csv|所有文件(*.*)|*.*||";   

    CFileDialog oFileDlg(TRUE, L".dtn", NULL, 4|2, szFilter);

    if(oFileDlg.DoModal() == IDOK)
        OpenDocumentFile(oFileDlg.GetFileName()); 

    // CDTriNetApp不需要重写CWinApp::OpenDocumentFile方法
}


  • “保存文件”对话框

    现在考虑保存对话框。第一步仍然是弄清,保存对话框是什么时候(在哪)弹出来的?

   分发消息时,调用了CDocument::DoFileSave虚方法:

BOOL CDocument::DoFileSave()
{
    DWORD dwAttrib = GetFileAttributes(m_strPathName);

    if (dwAttrib & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)
    {
        // we do not have read-write access or the file does not (now) exist
        if (!DoSave(NULL))
        {
            TRACE(traceAppMsg, 0, "Warning: File save with new name failed.\n");
            return FALSE;
        }
    }
    else
    {
        if (!DoSave(m_strPathName))
        {
            TRACE(traceAppMsg, 0, "Warning: File save failed.\n");
            return FALSE;
        }
    }
    return TRUE;
}

    CDocument::DoFileSave调用CDocument::DoSave,也是一个虚方法:

    (注:没有DoSaveAs方法,lpszPathName参数决定了CDocument::DoSave是表现为“保存”还是“另存为”。)


BOOL CDocument::DoSave(LPCTSTR lpszPathName, BOOL bReplace)
    // Save the document data to a file
    // lpszPathName = path name where to save document file
    // if lpszPathName is NULL then the user will be prompted (SaveAs)
    // note: lpszPathName can be different than 'm_strPathName'
    // if 'bReplace' is TRUE will change file name if successful (SaveAs)
    // if 'bReplace' is FALSE will not change path name (SaveCopyAs)
{
    CString newName = lpszPathName;
    if (newName.IsEmpty())
    {
        CDocTemplate* pTemplate = GetDocTemplate();
        ASSERT(pTemplate != NULL);
	      newName = m_strPathName;
	      
        if (bReplace && newName.IsEmpty())
        {
            newName = m_strTitle;
            
	          // check for dubious filename
	          int iBad = newName.FindOneOf(_T(":/\\"));
	          if (iBad != -1)
		            newName.ReleaseBuffer(iBad);

	          // append the default suffix if there is one
	          CString strExt;
	          if (pTemplate->GetDocString(strExt, CDocTemplate::filterExt) &&
		            !strExt.IsEmpty())
	          {
		            ASSERT(strExt[0] == '.');
		            int iStart = 0;
		            newName += strExt.Tokenize(_T(";"), iStart);
	          }
	      }

	      if (!AfxGetApp()->DoPromptFileName(newName,
	          bReplace ? AFX_IDS_SAVEFILE : AFX_IDS_SAVEFILECOPY,
	          OFN_HIDEREADONLY | OFN_PATHMUSTEXIST, FALSE, pTemplate))
	          return FALSE;       // don't even attempt to save
    }

    CWaitCursor wait;

    if (!OnSaveDocument(newName))
    {
	      if (lpszPathName == NULL)
	      {
            // be sure to delete the file
	          TRY
	          {
		            CFile::Remove(newName);
	          }
	          CATCH_ALL(e)
	          {
		            TRACE(traceAppMsg, 0, 
	                  "Warning: failed to delete file after failed SaveAs.\n");
		            DELETE_EXCEPTION(e);
	          }
	          END_CATCH_ALL
    	  }
	 
	      return FALSE;
    }

    // reset the title and change the document name
    if (bReplace)
 	      SetPathName(newName);

    return TRUE;        // success
}

    CDocument::DoSave虚方法调用CWinApp::DoPromptFileName方法弹出保存对话框,后者又调用CDocManager::DoPromptFileName虚方法(情形与打开文件时相同):

BOOL CDocManager::DoPromptFileName(CString& fileName, UINT nIDSTitle, 
	  DWORD lFlags, BOOL bOpenFileDialog, CDocTemplate* pTemplate)
{
    CFileDialog dlgFile(bOpenFileDialog, NULL, NULL, OFN_HIDEREADONLY | OFN_OVERWRITEPROMPT, NULL, NULL, 0);
    CString title;
    VERIFY(title.LoadString(nIDSTitle));

    dlgFile.m_ofn.Flags |= lFlags;
    CString strFilter;
    CString strDefault;
    if (pTemplate != NULL)
    {
        ASSERT_VALID(pTemplate);
        _AfxAppendFilterSuffix(strFilter, dlgFile.m_ofn, pTemplate, &strDefault);
    }
    else
    {// do for all doc template
        POSITION pos = m_templateList.GetHeadPosition();
        BOOL bFirst = TRUE;
        while (pos != NULL)
        {
            pTemplate = (CDocTemplate*)m_templateList.GetNext(pos);
            _AfxAppendFilterSuffix(strFilter, dlgFile.m_ofn, pTemplate,bFirst ? &strDefault : NULL);
            bFirst = FALSE;
        }
    }

    // append the "*.*" all files filterCString allFilter;
    VERIFY(allFilter.LoadString(AFX_IDS_ALLFILTER));
    strFilter += allFilter;strFilter += (TCHAR)'\0';   
    
    // next string please
    strFilter += _T("*.*");
    strFilter += (TCHAR)'\0';   

    // last string
    dlgFile.m_ofn.nMaxCustFilter++;
    dlgFile.m_ofn.lpstrFilter = strFilter;
    dlgFile.m_ofn.lpstrTitle = title;
    dlgFile.m_ofn.lpstrFile = fileName.GetBuffer(_MAX_PATH);

    INT_PTR nResult = dlgFile.DoModal();
    fileName.ReleaseBuffer();

    return nResult == IDOK;
}

    看起来,重写CDocManager::DoPromptFileName方法比重写CDocument::DoSave方法要省事些:

BOOL CDTriNetDocMgr::DoPromptFileName(CString& fileName, UINT nIDSTitle,
			DWORD lFlags, BOOL bOpenFileDialog, CDocTemplate* pTemplate)
{
    LPCTSTR strFilter = L"DTriNet文件(*.dtn)|*.dtn|CSV文件(*.csv)|*.csv|所有文件(*.*)|*.*||";
    CFileDialog dlgFile(bOpenFileDialog, NULL, NULL, OFN_HIDEREADONLY | OFN_OVERWRITEPROMPT, strFilter, NULL, 0);
	
    CString title;
    VERIFY(title.LoadString(nIDSTitle));

    dlgFile.m_ofn.lpstrTitle = title;
    dlgFile.m_ofn.lpstrFile = fileName.GetBuffer(_MAX_PATH);

    INT_PTR nResult = dlgFile.DoModal();
    fileName.ReleaseBuffer();
    
    return nResult == IDOK;
}

    CDTriNetDocMgr是派生自CDocManager的类。
   
    下一步的问题是:怎么为CWinApp::m_pDocManager创建CDTriNetDocMgr对象(而非CDocManager对象)?
    m_pDocManager是在重写的CWinApp::InitInstance虚方法中创建的,具体来说,是在CWinApp::AddDocTemplate方法中创建的,CWinApp::AddDocTemplate方法在创建m_pDocManager之前会检查它是否为NULL,只有当m_pDocManager为NULL时才为它创建CDocManager对象,所以现在并不需要重写CWinApp::AddDocTemplate方法,而只需要在重写的CWinApp::InitInstance方法中、在调用CWinApp::AddDocTemplate方法之前为m_pDocManager创建CDTriNetDocMgr对象。

    一旦重写了CDocManager::DoPromptFileName方法,之前提到的自定义打开对话框文件扩展名的方法也就多此一举了,也不再需要修改资源文件中的IDR_DTriNetTYPE字段,因为无论打开还是保存对话框,最终都是由CDocManager::DoPromptFileName执行的。


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