AVL树的实现代码
/********************************************************************
created: 2007 / 08 / 28
filename: avltree.c
author: Lichuang
purpose: AVL树的实现代码,
参考资料 << 数据结构与算法分析 - C语言描述 >> , 作者Allen Weiss
*********************************************************************/
#include < stdio.h >
#include < stdlib.h >
#include < time .h >
typedef struct AVLTree
{
int nData;
struct AVLTree * pLeft;
struct AVLTree * pRight;
int nHeight;
}AVLTree;
int Max( int a, int b);
int Height(AVLTree * pNode);
AVLTree * Insert( int nData, AVLTree * pNode);
AVLTree * SingleRotateWithLeft(AVLTree * pNode);
AVLTree * SingleRotateWithRight(AVLTree * pNode);
AVLTree * DoubleRotateWithLeft(AVLTree * pNode);
AVLTree * DoubleRotateWithRight(AVLTree * pNode);
void DeleteTree(AVLTree ** ppRoot);
void PrintTree(AVLTree * pRoot);
int main()
{
int i;
AVLTree * pRoot = NULL ;
srand((unsigned int ):: time ( NULL ));
for (i = 0 ; i < 100000000 ; ++ i)
{
pRoot = Insert(::rand(), pRoot);
}
// PrintTree(pRoot);
DeleteTree( & pRoot);
return 0 ;
}
int Max( int a, int b)
{
return (a > b ? a : b);
}
int Height(AVLTree * pNode)
{
if ( NULL == pNode)
return - 1 ;
return pNode -> nHeight;
}
AVLTree * Insert( int nData, AVLTree * pNode)
{
if ( NULL == pNode)
{
pNode = (AVLTree * )malloc(sizeof(AVLTree));
pNode -> nData = nData;
pNode -> nHeight = 0 ;
pNode -> pLeft = pNode -> pRight = NULL ;
}
else if (nData < pNode -> nData) // 插入到左子树中
{
pNode -> pLeft = Insert(nData, pNode -> pLeft);
if (Height(pNode -> pLeft) - Height(pNode -> pRight) == 2 ) // AVL树不平衡
{
if (nData < pNode -> pLeft -> nData)
{
// 插入到了左子树左边, 做单旋转
pNode = SingleRotateWithLeft(pNode);
}
else
{
// 插入到了左子树右边, 做双旋转
pNode = DoubleRotateWithLeft(pNode);
}
}
}
else if (nData > pNode -> nData) // 插入到右子树中
{
pNode -> pRight = Insert(nData, pNode -> pRight);
if (Height(pNode -> pRight) - Height(pNode -> pLeft) == 2 ) // AVL树不平衡
{
if (nData > pNode -> pRight -> nData)
{
// 插入到了右子树右边, 做单旋转
pNode = SingleRotateWithRight(pNode);
}
else
{
// 插入到了右子树左边, 做双旋转
pNode = DoubleRotateWithRight(pNode);
}
}
}
pNode -> nHeight = Max(Height(pNode -> pLeft), Height(pNode -> pRight)) + 1 ;
return pNode;
}
/********************************************************************
pNode pNode -> pLeft
/ \
pNode -> pLeft ==> pNode
\ /
pNode -> pLeft -> pRight pNode -> pLeft -> pRight
*********************************************************************/
AVLTree * SingleRotateWithLeft(AVLTree * pNode)
{
AVLTree * pNode1;
pNode1 = pNode -> pLeft;
pNode -> pLeft = pNode1 -> pRight;
pNode1 -> pRight = pNode;
// 结点的位置变了, 要更新结点的高度值
pNode -> nHeight = Max(Height(pNode -> pLeft), Height(pNode -> pRight)) + 1 ;
pNode1 -> nHeight = Max(Height(pNode1 -> pLeft), pNode -> nHeight) + 1 ;
return pNode1;
}
/********************************************************************
pNode pNode -> pRight
\ /
pNode -> pRight ==> pNode
/ \
pNode -> pRight -> pLeft pNode -> pRight -> pLeft
*********************************************************************/
AVLTree * SingleRotateWithRight(AVLTree * pNode)
{
AVLTree * pNode1;
pNode1 = pNode -> pRight;
pNode -> pRight = pNode1 -> pLeft;
pNode1 -> pLeft = pNode;
// 结点的位置变了, 要更新结点的高度值
pNode -> nHeight = Max(Height(pNode -> pLeft), Height(pNode -> pRight)) + 1 ;
pNode1 -> nHeight = Max(Height(pNode1 -> pRight), pNode -> nHeight) + 1 ;
return pNode1;
}
AVLTree * DoubleRotateWithLeft(AVLTree * pNode)
{
pNode -> pLeft = SingleRotateWithRight(pNode -> pLeft);
return SingleRotateWithLeft(pNode);
}
AVLTree * DoubleRotateWithRight(AVLTree * pNode)
{
pNode -> pRight = SingleRotateWithLeft(pNode -> pRight);
return SingleRotateWithRight(pNode);
}
// 后序遍历树以删除树
void DeleteTree(AVLTree ** ppRoot)
{
if ( NULL == ppRoot || NULL == * ppRoot)
return;
DeleteTree( & (( * ppRoot) -> pLeft));
DeleteTree( & (( * ppRoot) -> pRight));
free( * ppRoot);
* ppRoot = NULL ;
}
// 中序遍历打印树的所有结点, 因为左结点 < 父结点 < 右结点, 因此打印出来数据的大小是递增的
void PrintTree(AVLTree * pRoot)
{
if ( NULL == pRoot)
return;
static int n = 0 ;
PrintTree(pRoot -> pLeft);
printf( " [%d]nData = %d\n " , ++ n, pRoot -> nData);
PrintTree(pRoot -> pRight);
}
created: 2007 / 08 / 28
filename: avltree.c
author: Lichuang
purpose: AVL树的实现代码,
参考资料 << 数据结构与算法分析 - C语言描述 >> , 作者Allen Weiss
*********************************************************************/
#include < stdio.h >
#include < stdlib.h >
#include < time .h >
typedef struct AVLTree
{
int nData;
struct AVLTree * pLeft;
struct AVLTree * pRight;
int nHeight;
}AVLTree;
int Max( int a, int b);
int Height(AVLTree * pNode);
AVLTree * Insert( int nData, AVLTree * pNode);
AVLTree * SingleRotateWithLeft(AVLTree * pNode);
AVLTree * SingleRotateWithRight(AVLTree * pNode);
AVLTree * DoubleRotateWithLeft(AVLTree * pNode);
AVLTree * DoubleRotateWithRight(AVLTree * pNode);
void DeleteTree(AVLTree ** ppRoot);
void PrintTree(AVLTree * pRoot);
int main()
{
int i;
AVLTree * pRoot = NULL ;
srand((unsigned int ):: time ( NULL ));
for (i = 0 ; i < 100000000 ; ++ i)
{
pRoot = Insert(::rand(), pRoot);
}
// PrintTree(pRoot);
DeleteTree( & pRoot);
return 0 ;
}
int Max( int a, int b)
{
return (a > b ? a : b);
}
int Height(AVLTree * pNode)
{
if ( NULL == pNode)
return - 1 ;
return pNode -> nHeight;
}
AVLTree * Insert( int nData, AVLTree * pNode)
{
if ( NULL == pNode)
{
pNode = (AVLTree * )malloc(sizeof(AVLTree));
pNode -> nData = nData;
pNode -> nHeight = 0 ;
pNode -> pLeft = pNode -> pRight = NULL ;
}
else if (nData < pNode -> nData) // 插入到左子树中
{
pNode -> pLeft = Insert(nData, pNode -> pLeft);
if (Height(pNode -> pLeft) - Height(pNode -> pRight) == 2 ) // AVL树不平衡
{
if (nData < pNode -> pLeft -> nData)
{
// 插入到了左子树左边, 做单旋转
pNode = SingleRotateWithLeft(pNode);
}
else
{
// 插入到了左子树右边, 做双旋转
pNode = DoubleRotateWithLeft(pNode);
}
}
}
else if (nData > pNode -> nData) // 插入到右子树中
{
pNode -> pRight = Insert(nData, pNode -> pRight);
if (Height(pNode -> pRight) - Height(pNode -> pLeft) == 2 ) // AVL树不平衡
{
if (nData > pNode -> pRight -> nData)
{
// 插入到了右子树右边, 做单旋转
pNode = SingleRotateWithRight(pNode);
}
else
{
// 插入到了右子树左边, 做双旋转
pNode = DoubleRotateWithRight(pNode);
}
}
}
pNode -> nHeight = Max(Height(pNode -> pLeft), Height(pNode -> pRight)) + 1 ;
return pNode;
}
/********************************************************************
pNode pNode -> pLeft
/ \
pNode -> pLeft ==> pNode
\ /
pNode -> pLeft -> pRight pNode -> pLeft -> pRight
*********************************************************************/
AVLTree * SingleRotateWithLeft(AVLTree * pNode)
{
AVLTree * pNode1;
pNode1 = pNode -> pLeft;
pNode -> pLeft = pNode1 -> pRight;
pNode1 -> pRight = pNode;
// 结点的位置变了, 要更新结点的高度值
pNode -> nHeight = Max(Height(pNode -> pLeft), Height(pNode -> pRight)) + 1 ;
pNode1 -> nHeight = Max(Height(pNode1 -> pLeft), pNode -> nHeight) + 1 ;
return pNode1;
}
/********************************************************************
pNode pNode -> pRight
\ /
pNode -> pRight ==> pNode
/ \
pNode -> pRight -> pLeft pNode -> pRight -> pLeft
*********************************************************************/
AVLTree * SingleRotateWithRight(AVLTree * pNode)
{
AVLTree * pNode1;
pNode1 = pNode -> pRight;
pNode -> pRight = pNode1 -> pLeft;
pNode1 -> pLeft = pNode;
// 结点的位置变了, 要更新结点的高度值
pNode -> nHeight = Max(Height(pNode -> pLeft), Height(pNode -> pRight)) + 1 ;
pNode1 -> nHeight = Max(Height(pNode1 -> pRight), pNode -> nHeight) + 1 ;
return pNode1;
}
AVLTree * DoubleRotateWithLeft(AVLTree * pNode)
{
pNode -> pLeft = SingleRotateWithRight(pNode -> pLeft);
return SingleRotateWithLeft(pNode);
}
AVLTree * DoubleRotateWithRight(AVLTree * pNode)
{
pNode -> pRight = SingleRotateWithLeft(pNode -> pRight);
return SingleRotateWithRight(pNode);
}
// 后序遍历树以删除树
void DeleteTree(AVLTree ** ppRoot)
{
if ( NULL == ppRoot || NULL == * ppRoot)
return;
DeleteTree( & (( * ppRoot) -> pLeft));
DeleteTree( & (( * ppRoot) -> pRight));
free( * ppRoot);
* ppRoot = NULL ;
}
// 中序遍历打印树的所有结点, 因为左结点 < 父结点 < 右结点, 因此打印出来数据的大小是递增的
void PrintTree(AVLTree * pRoot)
{
if ( NULL == pRoot)
return;
static int n = 0 ;
PrintTree(pRoot -> pLeft);
printf( " [%d]nData = %d\n " , ++ n, pRoot -> nData);
PrintTree(pRoot -> pRight);
}
另外,关于AVL树,chinaunix的win_hate有一段精彩的讲述,在这个地址:
http://bbs.chinaunix.net/viewthread.php?tid=692071