首先,我声明我用的是Struts-2.1.6而不是Struts-2.0.x,2.1和2.0是有些不同的,希望大家注意。下面进行配置步骤:
1、导入包,把Struts-2.1.6文件夹lib里的jar包复制到项目文件WEB-INF/lib里,一共13个:
1)struts2-core-2.1.6.jar
2)xwork-2.1.2.jar
3)freemarker-2.3.13.jar
4)ognl-2.6.11.jar
5)commons-logging-1.0.4.jar
6)commons-fileupload-1.2.1.jar
7)commons-beanutils-1.7.0.jar
8)commons-collections-3.2.jar
9)commons-digester-1.8
10)sruts2-tiles-plugin-2.1.6.jar
11)tiles-api-2.0.6.jar
12)tiles-core-2.0.6.jar
13)tiles-jsp-2.0.6
注意:6、7、8三项是2.1和2.0不同的地方,一定要记得导入,不然刚启动Tomcat就会报错。
2、在web.xml中配置Tiles2框架的监听器,形如下文:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"> <filter> <filter-name>struts2 </filter-name> <filter-class> org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter //这个过滤器发生变化了, //据说这个过滤器对i18n不怎么支持了 </filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <listener> <listener-class> org.apache.struts2.tiles.StrutsTilesListener </listener-class> </listener> <context-param> //原文中没有加这个,所以运行不成功 <param-name>org.apache.tiles.impl.BasicTilesContainer.DEFINITIONS_CONFIG</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/tiles.xml</param-value> </context-param> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>注意:有些老版本2.0的配置中,黑体的字类为 org.apache.struts2.tiles.web.startup.TilesListener,2.1的这个类是2.0那个类的子类。
3、在WEN-INF文件夹下添加tiles.xml文件,形式如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE tiles-definitions PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Tiles Configuration 2.0//EN" "http://tiles.apache.org/dtds/tiles-config_2_0.dtd"> <tiles-definitions> <definition name="index" template="/siteLayout.jsp"> <put-attribute name="header" value="/header.jsp"></put-attribute> <put-attribute name="content" value="/content.jsp"/> <put-attribute name="footer" value="/footer.jsp"/> </definition> <definition name="success" template="/siteLayout.jsp"> <put-attribute name="header" value="/header.jsp"></put-attribute> <put-attribute name="content" value="/success.jsp"/> <put-attribute name="footer" value="/footer.jsp"/> </definition> </tiles-definitions>
PS:原文中为 http://struts.apache.org/dtds/tiles-config_2_0.dtd
注意划线部分的区别,若是原文中这种的话在定义definition的时候就只能用<put>而不是
<put-attribute>
注意:使用过Tiles1框架的朋友也许会犯错,在1里,templante为path,put-attribute为put。
4、配置struts.xml文件,这个文件在src文件夹下是常识,毋需多说:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd"> <struts> <package name="tiles" extends="tiles-default" > <action name="login" class="actions.LoginAction" method="login"> <result name="success" type="tiles">success</result> <result name="input" type="tiles">index</result> </action> </package> </struts>
5、写jsp代码,形式如下:
//index.jsp
<%@ taglib uri="http://tiles.apache.org/tags-tiles" prefix="tiles" %> <tiles:insertTemplate template="/siteLayout.jsp" flush="true"> <tiles:putAttribute name="title" type="string" value="Get Rick Hightower Stock Quote"/> <tiles:putAttribute name="header" value="/header.jsp" /> <tiles:putAttribute name="footer" value="/footer.jsp" /> <tiles:putAttribute name="content" value="/indexContent.jsp"/> </tiles:insertTemplate>
//success.jsp
<%@ taglib uri="http://tiles.apache.org/tags-tiles" prefix="tiles" %> <%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%> <s:form action="Lookup"> 这是登录成功界面 </s:form>
//siteLayout.jsp布局页面
<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <%@ taglib uri="http://tiles.apache.org/tags-tiles" prefix="tiles" %> <html> <head> <title> <tiles:getAsString name="title" ignore="true"/> </title> </head> <body> <table width="500" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr bgcolor="#36566E"> <td height="68" width="48%"> <div align="left"> <img src="images/hp_logo_rickhightower.gif" width="220" height="74"> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td height="68" width="2000"> <tiles:insertAttribute name="header" ignore="true"> <tiles:putAttribute name="title"></tiles:putAttribute> </tiles:insertAttribute> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div align="center"> <tiles:insertAttribute name="content"/> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <tiles:insertAttribute name="footer" ignore="true"/> </td> </tr> </table> </body> </html>
//indexContent.jsp
<%@ taglib uri="http://tiles.apache.org/tags-tiles" prefix="tiles" %> <%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%> <s:form action="login"> <s:textfield name="user.username" label="用户名" /> <s:textfield name="user.password" label="输入密码" /> <s:submit value="submit" /> </s:form>
//header.jsp
<div id="header"> <span style="float: right"><a href="#">设为首页</a>|<a href="#">联系我们</a> </span> </div> <div style="width: 936px; height: 200px;" " />
//footer.jsp
<div id="footer"> <p><a href="#">hei</a> <a href="#">long</a></p> <p>2008 © jiang</p> </div>
为了简化后台,来个loginAction处理下:
package actions; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; public class LoginAction extends ActionSupport { public String execute(){ return SUCCESS; } }