android中联系人 以及 ContactsContract类

1.加入读写权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS" />

 

联系人信息Uri：

content://com.android.contacts/contacts 

 

联系人电话Uri：

content://com.android.contacts/data/phones 

 

联系人Email Uri：

content://com.android.contacts/data/emails 

（推荐）也可以这样获取联系人信息Uri：Uri uri =  ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI;

2.查询与添加联系人的操作（单元测试用例）

public class ContactTest extends AndroidTestCase
{
    private static final String TAG = "ContactTest";

    /**
     * 获取通讯录中所有联系人的简单信息
     * @throws Throwable
     */
    public void testGetAllContact() throws Throwable
    {
        //获取联系人信息的Uri
        Uri uri =  ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI;
        //获取ContentResolver
        ContentResolver contentResolver = this.getContext().getContentResolver();
        //查询数据，返回Cursor
        Cursor cursor = contentResolver.query(uri, null, null, null, null);
        while(cursor.moveToNext())
        {
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            //获取联系人的ID
            String contactId = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Contacts._ID));
            //获取联系人的姓名
            String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME));
            //构造联系人信息
            sb.append("contactId=").append(contactId).append(",Name=").append(name);
            //查询电话类型的数据操作
            Cursor phones = contentResolver.query(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI,
                    null,
                    ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTACT_ID +" = "+ contactId,
                    null, null);
            while(phones.moveToNext())
            {
                String phoneNumber = phones.getString(phones.getColumnIndex(
                        ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER));
                //添加Phone的信息
                sb.append(",Phone=").append(phoneNumber);
            }
            phones.close();

            //查询Email类型的数据操作
            Cursor emails = contentResolver.query(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.CONTENT_URI,
                       null,
                       ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.CONTACT_ID + " = " + contactId,
                       null, null);
            while (emails.moveToNext())
            {
                String emailAddress = emails.getString(emails.getColumnIndex(
                        ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.DATA));
                //添加Email的信息
                sb.append(",Email=").append(emailAddress);
            }
            emails.close();
            Log.i(TAG, sb.toString());
        }
        cursor.close();
    }

    /**添加联系人的第一种方法：
     * 首先向RawContacts.CONTENT_URI执行一个空值插入，目的是获取系统返回的rawContactId
     * 这时后面插入data表的依据，只有执行空值插入，才能使插入的联系人在通讯录里面可见
     */
    public void testInsert()
    {
        ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
        //首先向RawContacts.CONTENT_URI执行一个空值插入，目的是获取系统返回的rawContactId
        Uri rawContactUri = this.getContext().getContentResolver().insert(RawContacts.CONTENT_URI, values);
        //获取id
        long rawContactId = ContentUris.parseId(rawContactUri);
        //往data表入姓名数据
        values.clear();
        values.put(Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactId); //添加id
        values.put(Data.MIMETYPE, StructuredName.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE);//添加内容类型（MIMETYPE）
        values.put(StructuredName.GIVEN_NAME, "凯风自南");//添加名字，添加到first name位置
        this.getContext().getContentResolver().insert(android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI, values);
        //往data表入电话数据
        values.clear();
        values.put(Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactId);
        values.put(Data.MIMETYPE, Phone.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE);
        values.put(Phone.NUMBER, "13921009789");
        values.put(Phone.TYPE, Phone.TYPE_MOBILE);
        this.getContext().getContentResolver().insert(android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI, values);
        //往data表入Email数据
        values.clear();
        values.put(Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactId);
        values.put(Data.MIMETYPE, Email.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE);
        values.put(Email.DATA, "[email protected]");
        values.put(Email.TYPE, Email.TYPE_WORK);
        this.getContext().getContentResolver().insert(android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI, values);
    }

    /**添加联系人的第二种方法：
     * 批量添加联系人
     * @throws Throwable
     */
    public void testSave() throws Throwable
    {
        //官方文档位置：reference/android/provider/ContactsContract.RawContacts.html
        //建立一个ArrayList存放批量的参数
        ArrayList<ContentProviderOperation> ops = new ArrayList<ContentProviderOperation>();
        int rawContactInsertIndex = ops.size();
        ops.add(ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(RawContacts.CONTENT_URI)
                .withValue(RawContacts.ACCOUNT_TYPE, null)
                .withValue(RawContacts.ACCOUNT_NAME, null)
                .build());
        //官方文档位置：reference/android/provider/ContactsContract.Data.html
        //withValueBackReference后退引用前面联系人的id
        ops.add(ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI)
                .withValueBackReference(Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactInsertIndex)
                .withValue(Data.MIMETYPE, StructuredName.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE)
                .withValue(StructuredName.GIVEN_NAME, "小明")
                .build());
        ops.add(ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI)
                 .withValueBackReference(Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactInsertIndex)
                 .withValue(Data.MIMETYPE, Phone.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE)
                 .withValue(Phone.NUMBER, "13671323809")
                 .withValue(Phone.TYPE, Phone.TYPE_MOBILE)
                 .withValue(Phone.LABEL, "手机号")
                 .build());
        ops.add(ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI)
                 .withValueBackReference(Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactInsertIndex)
                 .withValue(Data.MIMETYPE, Email.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE)
                 .withValue(Email.DATA, "[email protected]")
                 .withValue(Email.TYPE, Email.TYPE_WORK)
                 .build());
        ContentProviderResult[] results = this.getContext().getContentResolver()
            .applyBatch(ContactsContract.AUTHORITY, ops);
        for(ContentProviderResult result : results)
        {
            Log.i(TAG, result.uri.toString());
        }
    }
}

*******************************************************************************************************

这里主要使用的是

ContactsContract类

从Android 2.0 SDK开始有关联系人provider的类变成了ContactsContract，虽然老的android.provider.Contacts能用，但是在SDK中标记为为deprecated将被放弃不推荐的方法，而从Android 2.0及API Level为5开始新增了android.provider.ContactsContract来代替原来的方法。不过Android123表示大家做两手准备，毕竟目前70%的设备以及Ophone 1.0和1.5均不支持ContactsContract。

ContactsContract.Contacts中的所有字段  

2011-01-15 23:52:01|  分类： Android |字号 订阅

 
ContactsContract.Contracts实现了4个接口，并从4个接口中，继承了不同的字段，一共有23个如下：

1.    ContactsContract.Contacts.TIMES_CONTACTED ="times_contacted"

The number of times a contact has been contacted

 

2.     ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTACT_STATUS ="contact_status"

Contact's latest status update.

 

3.     ContactsContract.Contacts.CUSTOM_RINGTONE ="custom_ringtone"

URI for a custom ringtone associated with the contact. Ifnull or missing, the default ringtone is used.

 

4.     ContactsContract.Contacts.HAS_PHONE_NUMBER ="has_phone_number"

An indicator of whether this contact has at least one phonenumber. "1" if there is at least one phone number, "0"otherwise.

 

5.     ContactsContract.Contacts.PHONETIC_NAME = "phonetic_name"

Pronunciation of the full name in the phonetic alphabetspecified by PHONETIC_NAME_STYLE.

 

6.     ContactsContract.Contacts.PHONETIC_NAME_STYLE ="phonetic_name_style"

The phonetic alphabet used to represent the PHONETIC_NAME.See PhoneticNameStyle.

 

7.     ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTACT_STATUS_LABEL ="contact_status_label"

The resource ID of the label describing the source ofcontact status, e.g. "Google Talk". This resource is scoped by theCONTACT_STATUS_RES_PACKAGE.

 

8.     ContactsContract.Contacts.LOOKUP_KEY = "lookup"

An opaque value that contains hints on how to find thecontact if its row id changed as a result of a sync or aggregation.

 

9.     ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTACT_STATUS_ICON ="contact_status_icon"

The resource ID of the icon for the source of contactstatus. This resource is scoped by the

CONTACT_STATUS_RES_PACKAGE.

 

10.  ContactsContract.Contacts.LAST_TIME_CONTACTED= "last_time_contacted"

The last time a contact was contacted.

 

11.  ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME= "display_name"

The display name for the contact.

 

12.  ContactsContract.Contacts.SORT_KEY_ALTERNATIVE= "sort_key_alt"

Sort key based on the alternative representation of thefull name, DISPLAY_NAME_ALTERNATIVE. Thus for Western names, it is the oneusing the "family name first" format.

 

13.  ContactsContract.Contacts.IN_VISIBLE_GROUP= "in_visible_group"

Lookup value that reflects the GROUP_VISIBLE state of anyContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.GroupMembership for this contact.

 

14.  ContactsContract.Contacts._ID= "_id"

The unique ID for a row.

 

15.  ContactsContract.Contacts.STARRED= "starred"

Is the contact starred?

 

16.  ContactsContract.Contacts.SORT_KEY_PRIMARY= "sort_key"

Sort key that takes into account locale-based traditionsfor sorting names in address books.

 

17.  ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME_ALTERNATIVE= "display_name_alt"

An alternative representation of the display name, such as"family name first" instead of "given name first" forWestern names. If an alternative is not available, the values should be thesame as DISPLAY_NAME_PRIMARY

 

18.  ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTACT_PRESENCE= "contact_presence"

Contact presence status. See ContactsContract.StatusUpdatesfor individual status definitions.

 

19.  ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME_SOURCE= "display_name_source"

The kind of data that is used as the display name for thecontact, such as structured name or email address. See DisplayNameSources.TODO: convert DisplayNameSources to a link after it is un-hidden

 

20.  ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTACT_STATUS_RES_PACKAGE= "contact_status_res_package"

The package containing resources for this status: label andicon.

 

21.  ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTACT_STATUS_TIMESTAMP= "contact_status_ts"

The absolute time in milliseconds when the latest statuswas inserted/updated.

 

22.  ContactsContract.Contacts.PHOTO_ID= "photo_id"

Reference to the row in the data table holding the photo.

 

23.  ContactsContract.Contacts.SEND_TO_VOICEMAIL= "send_to_voicemail"

Whether the contact should always be sent to voicemail. Ifmissing, defaults to false.

可以用以下方法，列出ContactsContract.Contacts中的所有字段：

    privatevoid listColumnNames()

    {

             private Uri contactUri =ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI ;

             ContentResolver resolver = this.getContentResolver();

             Cursor cursor =resolver.query(contactUri, null, null, null, null);

             int columnNumber = cursor.getColumnCount();

             for(int i = 0; i <columnNumber; i++)

             {

                       String temp =cursor.getColumnName(i);

                       Log.e("listColumnNames","" + i + "\t" + temp);

             }

             cursor.close();

    }