window Oracle 10g RMAN异机异目录恢复

1．实验环境简介                                 
1.1  SOA原数据库
                                                                                                                                                          数据库名        COMSOA
实例名          COMSOA
DBID            4133565260
数据库版本	Windows 64bit 10.2.0
数据文件目录	H:\ORACLE\ORADATA\COMSOA\
Pfile	
comsoa.__db_cache_size=1291845632
comsoa.__java_pool_size=16777216
comsoa.__large_pool_size=16777216
comsoa.__shared_pool_size=805306368
comsoa.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='H:\oracle\admin\COMSOA\adump'
*.background_dump_dest='H:\oracle\admin\COMSOA\bdump'
*.compatible='10.2.0.1.0'
*.control_files='H:\oracle\oradata\COMSOA\control01.ctl','H:\oracle\oradata\COMSOA\control02.ctl','H:\oracle\oradata\COMSOA\control03.ctl'
*.core_dump_dest='H:\oracle\admin\COMSOA\cdump'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
*.db_name='COMSOA'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='H:\oracle\flash_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648
*.log_archive_dest_1='location=H:\oracle\archive\comsoa'
*.nls_language='SIMPLIFIED CHINESE'
*.nls_territory='CHINA'
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=536870912
*.processes=300
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.sessions=335
*.sga_target=2147483648
*.undo_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
*.user_dump_dest='H:\oracle\admin\COMSOA\udump'


1.2  待恢SOA系统
数据库名       COMSOA
实例名         COMSOA
DBID           4133565260
数据库版本	Windows 32bit 10.2
数据文件目录	E:\ORASOA\ORADATA\COMSOA\
Pfile	
comsoa.__db_cache_size=891845632
comsoa.__java_pool_size=16777216
comsoa.__large_pool_size=16777216
comsoa.__shared_pool_size=505306368
comsoa.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='e:\orasoa\admin\COMSOA\adump'
*.background_dump_dest='e:\orasoa\admin\COMSOA\bdump'
*.compatible='10.2.0.1.0'
*.control_files='e:\orasoa\oradata\COMSOA\control01.ctl','e:\orasoa\oradata\COMSOA\control02.ctl','e:\orasoa\oradata\COMSOA\control03.ctl'
*.core_dump_dest='e:\orasoa\admin\COMSOA\cdump'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
*.db_name='COMSOA'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='e:\orasoa\flash_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=COMSOAXDB)'
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.log_archive_dest_1='location=e:\orasoa\archive\comsoa'
*.nls_language='SIMPLIFIED CHINESE'
*.nls_territory='CHINA'
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=336870912
*.processes=300
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.sessions=335
*.sga_target=1147483648
*.undo_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
*.user_dump_dest='e:\orasoa\admin\COMSOA\udump'
*._system_trig_enabled=false

2  备份 
2.1  备份生产系统
C:\Administrator>Set oracle_sid=comsoa
C:\Administrator>rman target  sys/****
删除过期的归档日志
RMAN>crosscheck archivelog all
RMAN>delete expired archivelog 
RMAN>backup full database format ‘h:\full_%t_%p_%s.bak’
RMAN>backup archivelog  all  format 'h:\arch_%p_t_%p.bak';
RMAN> backup current controlfile format 'h:\contol_%p_%p_%s.bak';
2.2  异机还原
2.2.1  文件夹创建
创建SOA实例所需要的文件夹,包括数据文件，dump,归档目录
e:\orasoa\admin\COMSOA\adump'
e:\orasoa\admin\COMSOA\bdump'
e:\orasoa\admin\COMSOA\cdump'
e:\orasoa\admin\COMSOA\updump'
db_recovery_file_dest='e:\orasoa\flash_recovery_area'
e:\orasoa\oradata\COMSOA\

2.2.2  创建SOA实例
创建所需要的实例COMSOA

C:\Administrator>oradim.exe -new -sid COMSOA -startmode m
C:\Administrator>oradim.exe -edit -sid COMSOA -startmode a

用pfile 启动数据库到弄mount状态

SQL>STARTUP NOMOUNT PFILE=’E:\INITCOMSOA.ORA’

2.2.3  恢复控制文件
将生产的备份文件拷贝到新的SOA系统主机中并连接到RMAN

C:\Administrator >SET ORACLE_SID=COMSOA
C:\Administrator >rman target /
恢复管理器: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 星期六 12月 3 14:24:44 201
连接到目标数据库: COMSOA (未装载)
RMAN> set dbid=4133565260

正在执行命令: SET DBID

RMAN> catalog start with ‘备份集’

恢复控制文件

RMAN> restore controlfile   from 'e:\CONTROL.BAK_1_20111203718';
启动 restore 于 03-12月-11
使用通道 ORA_DISK_1
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 正在复原控制文件
通道 ORA_DISK_1: 恢复完成, 用时: 00:00:01
完成 restore 于 03-12月-11

控制文件会自动恢复到e:\orasoa\oradata\COMSOA\ 中

2.2.4  更新控制文件redolog 信息

SQL>Alter  database rename file ‘H:\oracle\oradata\COMSOA\redo01.log’ TO
‘E:\oracle\oradata\COMSOA\redo01.log’ 

SQL>Alter  database rename file ‘H:\oracle\oradata\COMSOA\redo01.log’ TO
‘E:\oracle\oradata\COMSOA\redo01.log’ 

SQL>Alter  database rename file ‘H:\oracle\oradata\COMSOA\redo01.log’ TO
‘E:\oracle\oradata\COMSOA\redo01.log’ 
2.2.5  编译无效对象

SQL>@\orasoa\oradata\comsoa\utlrp.sql
SQL>alter database open resetlogs
SQL>shutdown immediate
SQL>startup migrate

2.2.6  重建临时表空间

SQL> select name from v$tempfile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
H:\ORACLE\ORADATA\COMSOA\TEMP01.DBF
H:\ORACLE\ORADATA\COMSOA\TBS_TMP_DXPT.ORA
H:\ORACLE\ORADATA\COMSOA\TBS_TMP_WORKFLOW.ORA

 删除临时表空间

SQL> drop tablespace TEMP01  including  contents and  datafiles;
表空间已删除。

SQL> drop tablespace tbs_tmp_dxpt including  contents and  datafiles;
表空间已删除。

SQL> drop tablespace tbs_tmp_workflow including  contents and  datafiles;
表空间已删除。

重新创建临时表空间

SQL> create temporary tablespace tbs_tmp_dxpt
  2  tempfile 'e:\orasoa\oradata\comsoa\tbs_tmp_dxpt.ora' size 500M;

表空间已创建。
SQL> create temporary tablespace  temp01
  2  tempfile 'e:\orasoa\oradata\comsoa\temp01.dbf' size 500M;

表空间已创建。
SQL> create temporary tablespace tbs_tmp_workflow
  2  tempfile 'e:\orasoa\oradata\comsoa\tbs_tmp_workflow' size 500M;

表空间已创建。

更改用户默认临时表空间

SQL> alter database default temporary tablespace temp01

SQL>alter user lgwt temporary tablespace tbs_tmp_comsoa

SQL>alter user dxpt temporary tablespace tbs_tmp_dxpt

3 恢复遭遇的问题 
3.1 ORA-19751:could not create the change trackingfile
  在打开数据库时， 报错误提示如下：

SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area  167772160 bytes
Fixed Size                  1247876 bytes
Variable Size              79693180 bytes
Database Buffers           79691776 bytes
Redo Buffers                7139328 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-19751: could not create the change tracking file
ORA-19750: change tracking file: 'E:\ORACLE\TRACE.LOG'
ORA-27040: file create error, unable to create file
OSD-04002: unable to open file
O/S-Error: (OS 5) 拒绝访问。
ORA-27041: unable to open file
OSD-04002: unable to open file
O/S-Error: (OS 2) 系统找不到指定的文件。
tracking file: 'E:\ORACLE\TRACE.LOG' 在系统内无法找到。
tracking file是优化增量备份的参数，暂可以不用这个功能。
 
禁止BLOCK CHANGE TRACKING功能

SQL> ALTER DATABASE DISABLE BLOCK CHANGE TRACKING;
Database altered.
SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area  167772160 bytes
Fixed Size                  1247876 bytes
Variable Size              79693180 bytes
Database Buffers           79691776 bytes
Redo Buffers                7139328 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL>

3.1.1 关于 tracking  file

1． 通过位图跟踪两次备份间变化的数据块；
2． 每次备份前进行位图切换；
3． 开发增量备份策略时，要考虑到8个位图的限制；
4． 在RAC环境中，change tracking file需要放在共享存储上；
5． 参数Change tracking file的大小和数据库的大小和enabled的redo thread的个数成正比；
6． Change tracking file的大小和数据更新的频率无关；
7． 在mount或open状态下enable change tracking；
8．Enable change tracking
ALTER DATABASE ENABLE BLOCK CHANGE TRACKING USING FILE '/mydir/rman_change_track.f' REUSE;
9．Disable change tracking
ALTER DATABASE DISABLE BLOCK CHANGE TRACKING;
10．检查change tracking状态
SELECT STATUS, FILENAME FROM V$BLOCK_CHANGE_TRACKING;
11．     改变change tracking file的位置
1) 不关闭数据库的方式
SQL> ALTER DATABASE DISABLE BLOCK CHANGE TRACKING;
SQL> ALTER DATABASE ENABLE BLOCK CHANGE TRACKING USING FILE 'new_location';
注意：这种方式会丢失change tracking file的内容
2) 关闭数据库的方式
SQL> SELECT FILENAME FROM V$BLOCK_CHANGE_TRACKING;(确定当前的文件名)
SQL> SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE
用操作系统命令将文件move到新路径
SQL> ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE
'/disk1/changetracking/o1_mf_2f71np5j_.chg' TO
'/disk2/changetracking/o1_mf_2f71np5j_.chg';
SQL> ALTER DATABASE OPEN;

 测试遇到问题                                                                                                                                                           
     ORA-06544: PL/SQL: internal error, arguments: [56319], ORA-06553: PLS-801: internal error [56319]" errors while running catupgrd.sql
迁移过程中遭遇oracle bug解决办法

Unpublished BUG 5079213 - ORA-06544 [56319] DURING UPGRADE FROM 10.1.0.5 32BIT TO 10.2.0.2 64BIT 
解决办法

1.	Change catupgrd.sql script to always execute utlip.sql
进入oracle_home目录
% cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin
    备份原catupgrd.sql脚本
% cp catupgrd.sql catupgrd_orig.sql
    编辑catupgrd.sql脚本
% vi catupgrd.sql (vi is for unix-based systems, for windows - edit as a text document)
找到
==> @@&utlip_file
并将其修改成以下内容
==> @@utlip.sql

2.	运行修改后的catupgrd.sql脚本

SQL> spool /tmp/upgrade_aft_wa.out
SQL> set echo on
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/catupgrd.sql