Wireless基本概念
原文地址：
http://wireless.kernel.org/en/developers/Documentation/Glossary#WNIC
BSS
BSS stands for Basic Service Set. The coverage of an access point is called a BSS.
BSS（Basic Service Set）：基本服务集，一个接入点覆盖的范围就是BSS。
cfg80211
Kernel side of configuration management for wireless devices. nl80211 is the User-space side of configuration management for wireless devices.
Works together with FullMAC-drivers and also with mac80211-based drivers.
无线设备配置管理的内核侧，而n180211是用于用户侧的配置管理。cfg80211同FullMAC驱动以及基于mac80211的驱动一起工作
CLI
CLI stands for Command-line interface. These are utilities you can run in the console or terminal emulator.
FullMAC
FullMAC is a term used to describe a type of wireless card where the MLME is managed in hardware. You would not use mac80211 to write a FullMAC wireless driver.
FullMAC用于描叙无线网卡的类型，这种无线网卡的MLME是在硬件中管理的。FullMAC驱动编写是用不了mac80211的。
git-describe
git-describe is a git command. It outputs something like this:
v3.12-11297-g6579946
The first part is the tag for the current release. The second part is the number of patches which have been applied since the tag was applied. The last part, after the first g is the SHA1 commit ID of the last commit applied.
IBSS
IBSS stands for Independent Basic Service Set. Its basically Ad-Hoc mode. See Independent Basic Service Set
Information Element
An Information Element (IE) is a part of management frames in the IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN protocol. IEs are a device's way to transfer descriptive information about itself inside management frames. There are usually several IEs inside each such frame, and each is built of Type-length-value (TLVs).
The common structure of an IE is as follows:
| 1 | 1 | 1-255 | +-------+--------+-----------------+ | Type | Length | Data | +-------+--------+-----------------+
Whereas the vendor specific IE looks like this:
| 1 | 1 | 4 | 1-251 | +-------+--------+-------------------+------------+ | 221 | Length | OUI | Data | +-------+--------+-------------------+------------+
iw
iw is a new nl80211 based CLI configuration utility for wireless devices.
nl80211
User-space side of configuration management for wireless devices. It is a Netlink-based user-space protocol. cfg80211 is Kernel side of configuration management for wireless devices.
Several user-space applications are available which utilize nl80211. See Developer Docs for nl80211.
mac80211
A driver API for SoftMAC WNICs. See Developer Docs for mac80211.
See also SoftMAC.
MAC
A WNIC works on both, Layer 1 and Layer 2 of the OSI model. MAC is a sub-layer for Layer2. Media Access Control
MLME
MLME Stands for Media Access Control (MAC) Sublayer Management Entity. MLME is the management entity where the Physical layer (PHY) MAC state machines reside. Examples of states a MLME may assist in reaching:
- Authenticate
- Deauthenticate
- Associate
- Disassociate
- Reassociate
- Beacon
- Probe
- Timing Synchronization Function (TSF)
mac80211's MLME management implementation is currently handled by net/mac80211/ieee80211_sta.c. This handles only the STA MLME
PHY
A WNIC works on both, Layer 1 and Layer 2 of the OSI model. PHY is abbreviation for physical-layer controller and refers to the hardware components of the WNIC, that are responsible for creating/producing the em waves conforming to the standards specified in the responsible standard, e.g. IEEE 802.11a.
See PHY and also Physical layer.
SoftMAC
SoftMAC is a term used to describe a type of WNIC where the MLME is expected to be managed in software. mac80211 is a driver API for SoftMAC WNIC, for example.
SSID
SSID stands for Service Set IDentifier. The SSID is a code attached to all packets on a wireless network to identify each packet as part of that network. The code consists of a string of 1-32 octets (usually represented as case sensitive alphanumeric characters).
See also SSID
Station (STA)
Station (or STA) is the generic term for a device with a radio that can communicate with other stations in a wireless network. Common forms of a station are access points (AP), computers, or phones.
See also Station_(networking) or Wireless access point.
WE
WE stands for Wireless-Extensions - the old driver API and user <�"> kernel communication transport. Obsoleted by #cfg80211
WEXT
WEXT stands for Wireless-Extensions - the old driver API and user <�"> kernel communication transport. Obsoleted by #cfg80211
WIPHY
Wireless PHY.