导出数据库数据到Excel

 

做了一个利用POI导出数据库数据到Excel的例子，并把这个例子与大家一起分享，一起学习，共同进步！
先简单介绍一下poi，poi是apache组织的一个开源项目，最新版为poi-3.0.1,要使用poi需要到apache网站下载poi-bin3.0.1.zip压缩包，并将poi-3.0.1.jar加入到项目的ClassPath中。

 

下面是完成这个实例的步骤：

1、建立好一个web工程：poi；

2、导入所需要的jar包:poi-3.0.1.jar和mysql数据库驱动包；

3、编写一个StudentResultSet类，用于取出数据库中的数据；

package org.hnylj.poi;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;

public class StudentResultSet {
    private Connection conn;
    private PreparedStatement pstmt;
    private ResultSet rs;
    private static final String DRIVER = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
    private static final String URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/poi";
    private static final String USERNAME = "root";
    private static final String PASSWORD = "123";

    //查询数据库中的数据
    public ResultSet query() {
        try {
            Class.forName(DRIVER);
            conn = DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USERNAME, PASSWORD);
            pstmt = conn.prepareStatement("select * from student");
            rs = pstmt.executeQuery();
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return rs;
    }
}

package org.hnylj.poi;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;

public class StudentResultSet {
	private Connection conn;
	private PreparedStatement pstmt;
	private ResultSet rs;
	private static final String DRIVER = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
	private static final String URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/poi";
	private static final String USERNAME = "root";
	private static final String PASSWORD = "123";
    
	//查询数据库中的数据
	public ResultSet query() {
		try {
			Class.forName(DRIVER);
			conn = DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USERNAME, PASSWORD);
			pstmt = conn.prepareStatement("select * from student");
			rs = pstmt.executeQuery();
		} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return rs;
	}
} 

4、编写一个BuildExcelServlet，用于生成Excel；

package org.hnylj.poi;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRichTextString;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;

public class BuildExcelServlet extends HttpServlet {

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        StudentResultSet stuResultSet = new StudentResultSet();
        ResultSet rs = stuResultSet.query();
        String xlsName = "test.xls";
        String sheetName = "sheetName";

        HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
        HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet();
        workbook.setSheetName(0, sheetName);
        HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow((short) 0);
        HSSFCell cell;
        try {
            ResultSetMetaData md = rs.getMetaData();
            int nColumn = md.getColumnCount();

            for (int i = 1; i <= nColumn; i++) {
                cell = row.createCell((short) (i - 1));
                cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
                cell.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString(md.getColumnLabel(i)));
            }
            int iRow = 1;
            while (rs.next()) {
                row = sheet.createRow((short) iRow);
                ;
                for (int j = 1; j <= nColumn; j++) {
                    cell = row.createCell((short) (j - 1));
                    cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
                    cell.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString(rs.getObject(j)
                            .toString()));
                }
                iRow++;
            }
            String filename = request.getRealPath("/") + xlsName;
            request.setAttribute("filename", filename);
            FileOutputStream fOut = new FileOutputStream(filename);
            workbook.write(fOut);
            fOut.flush();
            fOut.close();
            request.getRequestDispatcher("OpenExcelServlet").forward(request,
                    response);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doGet(request, response);
    }
}

package org.hnylj.poi;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRichTextString;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;

public class BuildExcelServlet extends HttpServlet {

	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
			HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		StudentResultSet stuResultSet = new StudentResultSet();
		ResultSet rs = stuResultSet.query();
		String xlsName = "test.xls";
		String sheetName = "sheetName";

		HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
		HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet();
		workbook.setSheetName(0, sheetName);
		HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow((short) 0);
		HSSFCell cell;
		try {
			ResultSetMetaData md = rs.getMetaData();
			int nColumn = md.getColumnCount();

			for (int i = 1; i <= nColumn; i++) {
				cell = row.createCell((short) (i - 1));
				cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
				cell.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString(md.getColumnLabel(i)));
			}
			int iRow = 1;
			while (rs.next()) {
				row = sheet.createRow((short) iRow);
				;
				for (int j = 1; j <= nColumn; j++) {
					cell = row.createCell((short) (j - 1));
					cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
					cell.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString(rs.getObject(j)
							.toString()));
				}
				iRow++;
			}
			String filename = request.getRealPath("/") + xlsName;
			request.setAttribute("filename", filename);
			FileOutputStream fOut = new FileOutputStream(filename);
			workbook.write(fOut);
			fOut.flush();
			fOut.close();
			request.getRequestDispatcher("OpenExcelServlet").forward(request,
					response);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,
			HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		this.doGet(request, response);
	}
}

5、编写一个OpenExcelServlet，用于把生成的Excel在页面上打开；

package org.hnylj.poi;

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class OpenExcelServlet extends HttpServlet {

    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {

        response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel");
        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
        String filePath = (String) request.getAttribute("filename");
        BufferedInputStream bis = null;
        try {
            bis = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(filePath));
            int bytesRead;
            while ((bytesRead = bis.read()) != -1) {
                out.write(bytesRead);
                out.flush();
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (bis != null)
                bis.close();
            if (out != null)
                out.close();
        }
    }

    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doGet(request, response);
    }
}

package org.hnylj.poi;

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class OpenExcelServlet extends HttpServlet {

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {

		response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel");
		PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
		String filePath = (String) request.getAttribute("filename");
		BufferedInputStream bis = null;
		try {
			bis = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(filePath));
			int bytesRead;
			while ((bytesRead = bis.read()) != -1) {
				out.write(bytesRead);
				out.flush();
			}
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			if (bis != null)
				bis.close();
			if (out != null)
				out.close();
		}
	}

	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		this.doGet(request, response);
	}
}

6、在web.xml里配置一下servlet的映射；

       <servlet>
    <servlet-name>BuildExcelServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.hnylj.poi.BuildExcelServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet>
    <servlet-name>OpenExcelServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.hnylj.poi.OpenExcelServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>OpenExcelServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/OpenExcelServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>BuildExcelServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/BuildExcelServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

        <servlet>
		<servlet-name>BuildExcelServlet</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.hnylj.poi.BuildExcelServlet</servlet-class>
	</servlet>
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>OpenExcelServlet</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.hnylj.poi.OpenExcelServlet</servlet-class>
	</servlet>

	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>OpenExcelServlet</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/OpenExcelServlet</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>

	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>BuildExcelServlet</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/BuildExcelServlet</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>

7、启动tomcat，运行程序