第八周：串的链式存储
1 头文件
#ifndef LISTRING_H_INCLUDED
#define LISTRING_H_INCLUDED
typedef struct snode
{
char data;
struct snode *next;
} LiString;
void StrAssign(LiString *&s,char cstr[]); //字符串常量cstr赋给串s
void StrCopy(LiString *&s,LiString *t); //串t复制给串s
bool StrEqual(LiString *s,LiString *t); //判串相等
int StrLength(LiString *s); //求串长
LiString *Concat(LiString *s,LiString *t); //串连接
LiString *SubStr(LiString *s,int i,int j); //求子串
LiString *InsStr(LiString *s,int i,LiString *t) ; //串插入
LiString *DelStr(LiString *s,int i,int j); //串删去
LiString *RepStr(LiString *s,int i,int j,LiString *t); //串替换
void DispStr(LiString *s); //输出串
#endif // LISTRING_H_INCLUDED
2 源文件
#include <stdio.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include "liString.h"
void StrAssign(LiString *&s,char cstr[]) //字符串常量cstr赋给串s
{
int i;
LiString *r,*p;
s=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString));
r=s; //r始终指向尾节点
for (i=0;cstr[i]!='\0';i++)
{ p=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString));
p->data=cstr[i];
r->next=p;r=p;
}
r->next=NULL;
}
void StrCopy(LiString *&s,LiString *t) //串t复制给串s
{
LiString *p=t->next,*q,*r;
s=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString));
r=s; //r始终指向尾节点
while (p!=NULL) //将t的所有节点复制到s
{ q=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString));
q->data=p->data;
r->next=q;r=q;
p=p->next;
}
r->next=NULL;
}
bool StrEqual(LiString *s,LiString *t) //判串相等
{
LiString *p=s->next,*q=t->next;
while (p!=NULL && q!=NULL && p->data==q->data)
{ p=p->next;
q=q->next;
}
if (p==NULL && q==NULL)
return true;
else
return false;
}
int StrLength(LiString *s) //求串长
{
int i=0;
LiString *p=s->next;
while (p!=NULL)
{ i++;
p=p->next;
}
return i;
}
LiString *Concat(LiString *s,LiString *t) //串连接
{
LiString *str,*p=s->next,*q,*r;
str=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString));
r=str;
while (p!=NULL) //将s的所有节点复制到str
{ q=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString));
q->data=p->data;
r->next=q;r=q;
p=p->next;
}
p=t->next;
while (p!=NULL) //将t的所有节点复制到str
{ q=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString));
q->data=p->data;
r->next=q;r=q;
p=p->next;
}
r->next=NULL;
return str;
}
LiString *SubStr(LiString *s,int i,int j) //求子串
{
int k;
LiString *str,*p=s->next,*q,*r;
str=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString));
str->next=NULL;
r=str; //r指向新建链表的尾节点
if (i<=0 || i>StrLength(s) || j<0 || i+j-1>StrLength(s))
return str; //参数不正确时返回空串
for (k=0;k<i-1;k++)
p=p->next;
for (k=1;k<=j;k++) //将s的第i个节点开始的j个节点复制到str
{ q=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString));
q->data=p->data;
r->next=q;r=q;
p=p->next;
}
r->next=NULL;
return str;
}
LiString *InsStr(LiString *s,int i,LiString *t) //串插入
{
int k;
LiString *str,*p=s->next,*p1=t->next,*q,*r;
str=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString));
str->next=NULL;
r=str; //r指向新建链表的尾节点
if (i<=0 || i>StrLength(s)+1) //参数不正确时返回空串
return str;
for (k=1;k<i;k++) //将s的前i个节点复制到str
{ q=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString));
q->data=p->data;
r->next=q;r=q;
p=p->next;
}
while (p1!=NULL) //将t的所有节点复制到str
{ q=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString));
q->data=p1->data;
r->next=q;r=q;
p1=p1->next;
}
while (p!=NULL) //将*p及其后的节点复制到str
{ q=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString));
q->data=p->data;
r->next=q;r=q;
p=p->next;
}
r->next=NULL;
return str;
}
LiString *DelStr(LiString *s,int i,int j) //串删去
{
int k;
LiString *str,*p=s->next,*q,*r;
str=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString));
str->next=NULL;
r=str; //r指向新建链表的尾节点
if (i<=0 || i>StrLength(s) || j<0 || i+j-1>StrLength(s))
return str; //参数不正确时返回空串
for (k=0;k<i-1;k++) //将s的前i-1个节点复制到str
{ q=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString));
q->data=p->data;
r->next=q;r=q;
p=p->next;
}
for (k=0;k<j;k++) //让p沿next跳j个节点
p=p->next;
while (p!=NULL) //将*p及其后的节点复制到str
{ q=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString));
q->data=p->data;
r->next=q;r=q;
p=p->next;
}
r->next=NULL;
return str;
}
LiString *RepStr(LiString *s,int i,int j,LiString *t) //串替换
{
int k;
LiString *str,*p=s->next,*p1=t->next,*q,*r;
str=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString));
str->next=NULL;
r=str; //r指向新建链表的尾节点
if (i<=0 || i>StrLength(s) || j<0 || i+j-1>StrLength(s))
return str; //参数不正确时返回空串
for (k=0;k<i-1;k++) //将s的前i-1个节点复制到str
{ q=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString));
q->data=p->data;q->next=NULL;
r->next=q;r=q;
p=p->next;
}
for (k=0;k<j;k++) //让p沿next跳j个节点
p=p->next;
while (p1!=NULL) //将t的所有节点复制到str
3 main函数 <pre class="cpp" name="code">#include <stdio.h>
#include "liString.h"
int main()
{
LiString *s,*s1,*s2,*s3,*s4;
printf("链串的基本运算如下:\n");
printf(" (1)建立串s和串s1\n");
StrAssign(s,"abcdefghijklmn");
printf(" (2)输出串s:");
DispStr(s);
StrAssign(s1,"123");
printf(" (2)输出串s1:");
DispStr(s1);
printf(" (3)串s的长度:%d\n",StrLength(s));
printf(" (4)在串s的第9个字符位置插入串s1而产生串s2\n");
s2=InsStr(s,9,s1);
printf(" (5)输出串s2:");
DispStr(s2);
printf(" (6)删除串s第2个字符开始的5个字符而产生串s2\n");
s2=DelStr(s,2,3);
printf(" (7)输出串s2:");
DispStr(s2);
printf(" (8)将串s第2个字符开始的5个字符替换成串s1而产生串s2\n");
s2=RepStr(s,2,5,s1);
printf(" (9)输出串s2:");
DispStr(s2);
printf(" (10)提取串s的第2个字符开始的10个字符而产生串s3\n");
s3=SubStr(s,2,10);
printf(" (11)输出串s3:");
DispStr(s3);
printf(" (12)将串s1和串s2连接起来而产生串s4\n");
s4=Concat(s1,s2);
printf(" (13)输出串s4:");
DispStr(s4);
return 0;
}
{ q=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString)); q->data=p1->data;q->next=NULL; r->next=q;r=q; p1=p1->next; } while (p!=NULL) //将*p及其后的节点复制到str { q=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString)); q->data=p->data;q->next=NULL; r->next=q;r=q; p=p->next; } r->next=NULL; return str;}void DispStr(LiString *s) //输出串{ LiString *p=s->next; while (p!=NULL) { printf("%c",p->data); p=p->next; } printf("\n");}
运行结果为