.NET 异步处理(转载自 http://www.cnblogs.com/czy/archive/2010/01/14/1648139.html)

 

这几天,看WF本质论,里面提到了.net的异步处理。由于里面使用的是代码片段,所以有点看不懂。于是下定决心,温习一下.net中的异步处理。

使用C#在.net开发已经有5年了,最初使用.net中的异步处理大约是在4年前。当时,只是为了实现要求的功能,没有详细研究。这也难怪看WF时会头晕(基础不牢的后果呀)。

首先,我们分析一下异步处理的环境

  1. 需要在当前线程中获取返回值
  2. 不需要在当前线程中获取返回值,但是仍然需要对返回值做处理

对于第1中情况,还可以继续细分

  1. 在当前线程中启动线程T,然后继续执行当前线程中的其它任务,最后在当前线程中获取T的返回值
  2. 在当前线程中启动线程T,然后继续执行当前线程中的其它任务R1,等待T执行完成,当T执行完成后,继续执行当前线程中的其它任务R2,最后获取T的返回值
  3. 在当前线程中启动线程T,只要T在执行就执行任务R,最后获取T的返回值

下面,我将一一给出例子:

1.1 在当前线程中启动线程T,然后继续执行当前线程中的其它任务,最后在当前线程中获取T的返回值

?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Threading;
using System.Runtime.Remoting.Messaging;
namespace FirstWF
{
     static class Program
     {
         /// <summary>
         /// The main entry point for the application.
         /// </summary>
         [STAThread]
         static void Main()
         {
             AsyncFuncDelegate caller = new AsyncFuncDelegate(Func);
             Console.WriteLine( "Input number please..." );
             IAsyncResult result = caller.BeginInvoke(Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine()), null , null );
             Console.WriteLine( "Implement other tasks" );
             Thread.Sleep(7000);
             Console.WriteLine( "Implement other tasks end ..." );
             Console.WriteLine( "Get user's input" );
             Console.WriteLine(caller.EndInvoke(result));
             Console.ReadLine();
         }
         delegate string AsyncFuncDelegate( int userInput);
         static string Func( int userInput)
         {
             Console.WriteLine( "Func start to run" );
             Console.WriteLine( "..." );
             Thread.Sleep(5000);
             Console.WriteLine( "Func end to run" );
             return userInput.ToString();
         }
     }
}

输出结果如下:

Implement other tasks

Func start to run

...

Func end to run

Implement other tasks end ...

Get user's input

56

1.2 在当前线程中启动线程T,然后继续执行当前线程中的其它任务R1,等待T执行完成,当T执行完成后,继续执行当前线程中的其它任务R2,最后获取T的返回值

?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
static void Main()
         {
             AsyncFuncDelegate caller = new AsyncFuncDelegate(Func);
             Console.WriteLine( "Input number please..." );
             IAsyncResult result = caller.BeginInvoke(Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine()), null , null );
             Console.WriteLine( "Implement task 1" );
             result.AsyncWaitHandle.WaitOne();
             result.AsyncWaitHandle.Close();
             Console.WriteLine( "Implment task 2" );
             Console.WriteLine( "Get user's input" );
             Console.WriteLine(caller.EndInvoke(result));
             Console.ReadLine();
         }

输出结果如下:

Input number please...

25

Implement task 1

Func start to run

...

Func end to run

Implment task 2

Get user's input

25

 

1.3 在当前线程中启动线程T,只要T在执行就执行任务R,最后获取T的返回值

?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
[STAThread]
         static void Main()
         {
             AsyncFuncDelegate caller = new AsyncFuncDelegate(Func);
             Console.WriteLine( "Input number please..." );
             IAsyncResult result = caller.BeginInvoke(Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine()), null , null );
             while (!result.IsCompleted)
             {
                 Thread.Sleep(1000);
                 Console.Write( ">" );
             }
             Console.WriteLine( "" );
             Console.WriteLine( "Implement other task2" );
             Console.WriteLine( "Get user's input" );
             Console.WriteLine(caller.EndInvoke(result));
             Console.ReadLine();
         }

输出结果如下:

Func start to run

...

>>>>>Func end to run

>

Implement other task2

Get user's input

23

 

2 不需要在当前线程中获取返回值,但是仍然需要对返回值做处理

 

?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Threading;
using System.Runtime.Remoting.Messaging;
namespace FirstWF
{
     static class Program
     {
         /// <summary>
         /// The main entry point for the application.
         /// </summary>
         [STAThread]
         static void Main()
         {
             AsyncFuncDelegate caller = new AsyncFuncDelegate(Func);
             Console.WriteLine( "Input number please..." );
             caller.BeginInvoke(Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine()), new AsyncCallback(CallBackFunc), "Message from Main thread." );
             Console.WriteLine( "Main thread ends" );
             Console.ReadLine();
         }
         delegate string AsyncFuncDelegate( int userInput);
         static string Func( int userInput)
         {
             Console.WriteLine( "Func start to run" );
             Console.WriteLine( "..." );
             Thread.Sleep(5000);
             Console.WriteLine( "Func end to run" );
             return userInput.ToString();
         }
         static void CallBackFunc(IAsyncResult ar)
         {
             AsyncResult result = ar as AsyncResult;
             string inputMessage = result.AsyncState as string ;
             AsyncFuncDelegate caller = result.AsyncDelegate as AsyncFuncDelegate;
             Console.WriteLine( "call back starts" );
             Console.WriteLine(inputMessage);
             Console.WriteLine( "The input number is : " + caller.EndInvoke(ar));
             Console.WriteLine( "call back ends" );
         }
     }
}

 

输出结果如下:

Input number please...

23

Main thread ends

Func start to run

...

Func end to run

call back starts

Message from Main thread.

The input number is : 23

call back ends

 

记得以前的代码,写的都不是很好。虽然call.BeginInvoke可以开始异步调用,但几乎就没有使用过EndInvoke。EndInvoke可以保证异步调用被正常结束,使代码更加健康。

异步调用,可以使代码具有更高的执行效率,但是在异步调用时,应该有一个健康的使用习惯。

http://www.cnblogs.com/czy/archive/2010/01/14/1648139.html

你可能感兴趣的:(.NET 异步处理(转载自 http://www.cnblogs.com/czy/archive/2010/01/14/1648139.html))