最近发现一个很好的网站:http://ebook.elain.org,里面有大量的技术书籍。于是想使用 wget 把整个网站都下载下来。但是 wget 对中文的 url 支持得不够好,直接使用:
wget -m http://ebook.elain.org
下载的话,中文文件名就会乱码,比如“2010架构师大会PPT”就变成了“2010鏋舵瀯甯堝ぇ浼歅PT”。
wget --restrict-file-name=ascii -m http://ebook.elain.org
下载的话,中文文件名会编码成URL形式,比如比如“2010架构师大会PPT”就变成了“2010%E6%9E%B6%E6%9E%84%E5%B8%88%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%9APPT”。主要是因为在网页上,中文 UR L会以 UTF-8 来编码,而 Windows 存储文件名是用GBK编码。也就是说“2010鏋舵瀯甯堝ぇ浼歅PT”实际上是以 GBK 编码来显示的 UTF-8 编码的文件名。这样我们只要用 Python 写个编码转换器就可以了。代码如下:
import os, urllib, sys, getopt class Renamer: input_encoding = "" output_encoding = "" path = "" is_url = False def __init__(self, input, output, path, is_url): self.input_encoding = input self.output_encoding = output self.path = path self.is_url = is_url def start(self): self.rename_dir(self.path) def rename(self, root, path): try: if self.is_url: new = urllib.unquote(path).decode(self.input_encoding).encode(self.output_encoding) else: new = path.decode(self.input_encoding).encode(self.output_encoding) os.rename(os.path.join(root, path), os.path.join(root, new)) except: pass def rename_dir(self, path): for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path): for f in files: self.rename(root, f) if dirs == []: for f in files: self.rename(root, f) else: for d in dirs: self.rename_dir(os.path.join(root, d)) self.rename(root, d) def usage(): print '''This program can change encode of files or directories. Usage: rename.exe [OPTION]... Options: -h, --help this document. -i, --input-encoding=ENC set original encoding, default is UTF-8. -o, --output-encoding=ENC set output encoding, default is GBK. -p, --path=PATH choose the path which to process. -u, --is-url whether as a URL ''' def main(argv): input_encoding = "utf-8" output_encoding = "gbk" path = "" is_url = True try: opts, args = getopt.getopt(argv, "hi:o:p:u", ["help", "input-encoding=", "output-encoding=", "path=", "is-url"]) except getopt.GetoptError: usage() sys.exit(2) for opt, arg in opts: if opt in ("-h", "--help"): usage() sys.exit() elif opt in ("-i", "--input-encoding"): input_encoding = arg elif opt in ("-o", "--output-encoding"): output_encoding = arg elif opt in ("-p", "--path"): path = arg elif opt in ("-u", "--is-url"): is_url = True rn = Renamer(input_encoding, output_encoding, path, is_url) rn.start() if __name__ == '__main__': main(sys.argv[1:])
如果 wget 是使用以下命令行来下载:
wget --restrict-file-name=ascii -m http://ebook.elain.org
那么下载下来的文件是“2010%E6%9E%B6%E6%9E%84%E5%B8%88%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%9APPT”形式,运行脚本时就使用以下命令:
rename.py -i utf-8 -o gbk -p R:\ebook.elain.org -u
下载后的结果如下图。