Linux CentOS5.5 安装MRTG 实现网卡流量监控
一.安装snmp和mrtg
yum -y sysstat install net-snmp net-snmp-utils net-snmp-devel mrtg http
二.使用snmpconf命令配置SNMP
[root@bogon ~]# snmpconf
The following installed configuration files were found:
1: /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf
Would you like me to read them in? Their content will be merged with the
output files created by this session.
Valid answer examples: "all", "none","3","1,2,5"
Read in which (default = all): 1
选择要修改的snmp配置文件
I can create the following types of configuration files for you.
Select the file type you wish to create:
(you can create more than one as you run this program)
1: snmpd.conf
2: snmptrapd.conf
3: snmp.conf
Other options: quit
Select File: 1
修改后的文件存放在当前目录下，并命名为snmpd.conf
The configuration information which can be put into snmpd.conf is divided
into sections. Select a configuration section for snmpd.conf
that you wish to create:
1: Trap Destinations
2: Access Control Setup
3: Monitor Various Aspects of the Running Host
4: Agent Operating Mode
5: Extending the Agent
6: System Information Setup
Other options: finished
Select section: 2
添加可用的帐号
Section: Access Control Setup
Description:
This section defines who is allowed to talk to your running
snmp agent.
Select from:
1: a SNMPv3 read-write user
2: a SNMPv3 read-only user
3: a SNMPv1/SNMPv2c read-only access community name
4: a SNMPv1/SNMPv2c read-write access community name
Other options: finished, list
Select section: 3
添加基于SNMPv1/SNMPv2版本协议的只读权限帐号
Configuring: rocommunity
Description:
a SNMPv1/SNMPv2c read-only access community name
arguments: community [default|hostname|network/bits] [oid]
The community name to add read-only access for: local
此帐号的名称为local
The hostname or network address to accept this community name from [RETURN for all]: 127.0.0.1
此帐号只允许通过127.0.0.1这个地址登录，也就是不允许本机以外的服务器通过local得到SNMP信息
The OID that this community should be restricted to [RETURN for no-restriction]: <Enter>
直接回车，不输入任何OID，表示此帐号可以访问本机所有的SNMP信息
Finished Output: rocommunity local 127.0.0.1
Section: Access Control Setup
Description:
This section defines who is allowed to talk to your running
snmp agent.
Select from:
1: a SNMPv3 read-write user
2: a SNMPv3 read-only user
3: a SNMPv1/SNMPv2c read-only access community name
4: a SNMPv1/SNMPv2c read-write access community name
Other options: finished, list
Select section: 3
添加基于SNMPv1/SNMPv2版本协议的只读权限帐号
Configuring: rocommunity
Description:
a SNMPv1/SNMPv2c read-only access community name
arguments: community [default|hostname|network/bits] [oid]
The community name to add read-only access for: mynet
此帐号的名称为mynet
The hostname or network address to accept this community name from [RETURN for all]: 172.29.141.0/24
此帐号只允许通过172.29.141.0/24这个网段登录
The OID that this community should be restricted to [RETURN for no-restriction]: 1.3.6.1.2.1.1
此帐号只能访问服务器中OID编号为1.3.6.1.2.1.1的SNMP信息
Finished Output: rocommunity mynet 172.29.141.0/24 1.3.6.1.2.1.1
Section: Access Control Setup
Description:
This section defines who is allowed to talk to your running
snmp agent.
Select from:
1: a SNMPv3 read-write user
2: a SNMPv3 read-only user
3: a SNMPv1/SNMPv2c read-only access community name
4: a SNMPv1/SNMPv2c read-write access community name
Other options: finished, list
Select section: finished
输入 finished
The configuration information which can be put into snmpd.conf is divided
into sections. Select a configuration section for snmpd.conf
that you wish to create:
1: Trap Destinations
2: Access Control Setup
3: Monitor Various Aspects of the Running Host
4: Agent Operating Mode
5: Extending the Agent
6: System Information Setup
Other options: finished
Select section: finished
输入 finished
I can create the following types of configuration files for you.
Select the file type you wish to create:
(you can create more than one as you run this program)
1: snmpd.conf
2: snmptrapd.conf
3: snmp.conf
Other options: quit
Select File: quit
输入 quit
The following files were created:
snmpd.conf
These files should be moved to /usr/share/snmp if you
want them used by everyone on the system. In the future, if you add
the -i option to the command line I'll copy them there automatically for you.
Or, if you want them for your personal use only, copy them to
/root/.snmp . In the future, if you add the -p option to the
command line I'll copy them there automatically for you.
三.启动SNMP
mv /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf.bak
mv /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf.bak
/etc/init.d/snmpd restart
chkconfig snmpd on
四.配置MRTG
1. cfgmaker --global "WorkDir: /var/www/html" --global "Options[_]: growright,bits" --ifref=name [email protected] > /etc/mrtg/mrtg.cfg
生成新的MRTG配置文件，通过local登录127.0.0.1，并依据网卡设备名进行数据流量统计,统计的时间轴从右到作推移，并以bit为单位，统计的结果数据存放在/var/www/html中
2.indexmaker /etc/mrtg/mrtg.cfg > /var/www/html/mrtg.html
通过/etc/mrtg/mrtg.cfg这个配置文件生成用于http访问的页面文件mrtg.html
3.vi /etc/cron.d/mrtg 输入
*/1 * * * * root LANG=C LC_ALL=C /usr/bin/mrtg /etc/mrtg/mrtg.cfg --lock-file /var/lock/mrtg/mrtg_l --confcache-file /var/lib/mrtg/mrtg.ok
4.执行三次
LANG=C LC_ALL=C /usr/bin/mrtg /etc/mrtg/mrtg.cfg --lock-file /var/lock/mrtg/mrtg_l --confcache-file /var/lib/mrtg/mrtg.ok
5.修改 /etc/httpd/conf.d/mrtg.conf ，去掉 “Allow from " 前面的 #
6.执行 /etc/init.d/httpd restart 开启 httpd服务器
注意，如果已经有 其他web server占用80端口，则不能开启httpd
五.打开 浏览器，输入 http://127.0.0.1/mrtg.html 可看到统计结果
声明：本文档可以随意更改，但必须署名原作者
作者：凤凰舞者 qq:578989855