Oracle 11g 新特性 -- RAC One Node 说明


 

一.RAC ONE NODE 理论说明

Oracle RAC one node是Oracle 11gR2 中引入的特性。该特性仅在Oracle Database 11g Release 2 Enterprise Edition 中支持。并且是需要单独收费的,可以免费使用10天,已用来做其他的迁移方案。RAC one node每个处理器需要$10000,比RAC 的每个处理器$23000要便宜点,对于2个节点的rac one node,只需要买一个节点的授权即可。

 

官网说明:

Administering Oracle RAC One Node

http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/rac.112/e16795/onenode.htm

http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/rac.112/e16795/whatsnew.htm

 

Oracle RAC onenode提供的是一种cold failover 方案。假设在2个节点的rac one node上,实例只在其中一个节点运行,另一个节点就作为coldstandby 存在。 如果实例faild,那么RAC ONE Node 检测到后,首先会在相同的节点尝试restart。如果当前节点出现问题,或者实例不能restart,那么instance 会被relocated 到standby 的节点上去。Relocated的过程是自动实现的,不需要downtime 和人工的介入。Relocated 使用的是Omotion,使用Omotion 可以对实例进行migration 和 relocation。

 

    简单的来说,RAC ONE NODE 也是基于多节点来实现,多节点之间也是需要安装clusterware,多节点形成一个single cluster,而实例只在其中一个节点上运行。 当出现问题时通过Omotion技术将实例转移到single cluster中的其他节点上行。 当然也可以手工使用omotion来进行转移,从而实现零停机的升级和打补丁等操作。

 

Both RAC 和 RAC One Node 的区别:

(1)  RAC failover:  

RAC usesmultiple servers (nodes) and the tnsnames.ora file directs failover to asurviving server when a node crashes.

 

(2)  RAC One Nodefailover:  

RAC One Nodeuses "instance relocation", and when an instance fails, RAC One Nodere-starts a failed instance on another node, by re-mounting the disk on the newserver and using the pfile/spfile to re-start the instance.

 

 

Oracle RAC One Node 引入了2个新工具:

(1)  OracleDatabase Resource Manager Instance Caging

The new instancecaging features is part of the database resource manager in RAC One Node, atool to allocate server resources to multiple instances running on the sameserver.

 

(2)  Omotiononline migration utility

This is a newRAC One Node utility that allows for a RAC instance to be quickly"lifted" and copied to a new server node.

 

Oracle RAC One node 有如下优点:

(1)  Built-in cluster failover for high availability

(2)  Rolling patches for single instance database

(3)  Proactive migration / failover of the instance

(4)  Live migration of instances across servers

(5)  Online upgrade to RAC

 

RAC one node的滚动升级是非常有用的功能,使用该特性,可以实现零停机的进行升级。

 

 

RAC one node不适用如下环境:

(1)  To load balance unlike regular RAC

(2)  A true high availability solution

(3)  As a DR solution; Data guard best suits the bill

(4)  For mission critical applications

 

 

二.RAC ONE NODE 图示

2.1 RAC ONE NODE 框架图

这里一个RAC ONE NODE的框架图:

 Oracle 11g 新特性 -- RAC One Node 说明_第1张图片

这里有3个节点的RACone node。 其中Server A 上运行着实例DB1 和 DB2. Server B上运行实例DB3.Server C上运行实例DB4和DB5. 即每个实例只在一个节点上运行,同一个节点上可以运行多个不同的实例。

 

2.2 Omotion 图示

 

Omotion 进行migrate的过程如下图所以:

 

Oracle 11g 新特性 -- RAC One Node 说明_第2张图片



Oracle 11g 新特性 -- RAC One Node 说明_第3张图片


Omotion 适用的情景:

(1) Omotion moves aRAC One Node instance from one server to another—without any downtime

(2) Use Cases

• Load balancing

• Database + OS patching and maintenance

(3) Oracle suppliedtools control migration

• Services are not accepting connections on both nodes at the sametime

• Migrated instance shutdown transactional once services moved

• A maximum of 30 minutes allowed for connections to migrate (thenshutdown abort)

 

Rolling Online Patching

(1)  Rolling upgradeable RAC patches are also rolling upgradeable withRAC One Node

(2)  Omotion migration followed by patching

(3)  When patching complete, the primary instance is brought back onlineand the secondary instance is shutdown (reverse Omotion)

 

 

2.3 Cluster Failover 图示

 

 

当Server B节点出现故障,通过Omotion技术将实例DB3 转移到Server C上:

 Oracle 11g 新特性 -- RAC One Node 说明_第4张图片

Oracle 11g 新特性 -- RAC One Node 说明_第5张图片

 

 

 

 

参考文档:

http://dbathoughts.blogspot.com/2010/04/oracle-rac-one-node-what-is-it.html

http://www.dba-oracle.com/t_rac_one_node.htm

http://www.databasejournal.com/features/oracle/article.php/3906196/Moving-to-Oracle-RAC-One-Node.htm

http://www.oracleracsig.org/pls/apex/RAC_SIG.download_my_file?p_file=1003078

 

 

 

 

 

 

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