jxl读写excel常见操作搜集整理

package common.excelTool;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;

import jxl.Cell;
import jxl.CellType;
import jxl.DateCell;
import jxl.Range;
import jxl.Sheet;
import jxl.Workbook;
import jxl.WorkbookSettings;
import jxl.format.Alignment;
import jxl.format.Border;
import jxl.format.BorderLineStyle;
import jxl.format.CellFormat;
import jxl.format.Colour;
import jxl.format.UnderlineStyle;
import jxl.format.VerticalAlignment;
import jxl.write.Formula;
import jxl.write.Label;
import jxl.write.Number;
import jxl.write.NumberFormat;
import jxl.write.WritableCell;
import jxl.write.WritableCellFeatures;
import jxl.write.WritableCellFormat;
import jxl.write.WritableFont;
import jxl.write.WritableSheet;
import jxl.write.WritableWorkbook;
import jxl.write.WriteException;
import jxl.write.biff.RowsExceededException;

/**
* 该文件演示了常见的对excel的操作：
* 1.文件的输出、改写、复制＋改写（用于模板……）
* 2.改写时保持单元格的值类型
* 3.设置、编辑各种样式：字体、单元格高宽、数字格式化、合并单元格、计算公式、边框……
* @author chenxiaowen
*
*/
public class WriteExcelTest {
static HashMap map = new HashMap();
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
   try {
//    copyDateFormat(new File("c:\\a.xls"), 0, "c:\\copy of a.xls");
//    writeExcelUseFormat("c:\\format.xls","test");

//    buildNewFormTemplete(new File("c:/templete.xls"),new File( "c:/buildNewFormTemplete.xls"));
//    modifyDirectly1(new File("c:/templete.xls"));
//    modifyDirectly2(new File("c:/templete.xls"));
    copyDateAndFormat(new File("c:/a.xls"), 0, "c:/a2.xls");
   } catch (Exception e) {
    // TODO 自动生成 catch 块
    e.printStackTrace();
   }
}

/**
* 修改现有文件的样式、值
* @param inputFile
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void modifyDirectly2(File inputFile) throws Exception{
   Workbook w1 = Workbook.getWorkbook(inputFile);
   WritableWorkbook w2 = Workbook.createWorkbook(inputFile, w1);
   WritableSheet sheet = w2.getSheet(0);

   WritableCell cell = null;
   CellFormat cf = null;

   //加粗
   cell = sheet.getWritableCell(0,0);
   WritableFont bold = new WritableFont(WritableFont.ARIAL,
     WritableFont.DEFAULT_POINT_SIZE,
     WritableFont.BOLD);
   cf = new WritableCellFormat(bold);
   cell.setCellFormat(cf);

   //设置下划线
   cell = sheet.getWritableCell(0,1);
   WritableFont underline = new WritableFont(WritableFont.ARIAL,
     WritableFont.DEFAULT_POINT_SIZE,
     WritableFont.NO_BOLD,
     false,
     UnderlineStyle.SINGLE);
   cf = new WritableCellFormat(underline);
   cell.setCellFormat(cf);

   //直截添加可以覆盖掉
   setCellValueDirectly(sheet,sheet.getCell(0, 2),new Double(4),CellType.NUMBER);

   w2.write();
   w2.close();
}

 

 

/**
* 直截在原文件上面修改，采用 从模板产生新的输出 的方式，覆盖自己
* @param file
*/
public static void modifyDirectly1(File file) {
   try{
    // Excel获得文件
    Workbook wb = Workbook.getWorkbook(file);
    // 打开一个文件的副本，并且指定数据写回到原文件
    WritableWorkbook book = Workbook.createWorkbook(file,
      wb);
    WritableSheet sheet0 = book.getSheet(0);
    sheet0.addCell(new Label(0, 1, "陈小稳"));

    // 添加一个工作表
    WritableSheet sheet = book.createSheet( " 第二页 " , 1 );
    sheet.addCell( new Label( 0 , 0 , " 第二页的测试数据 " ));
    book.write();
    book.close();
   } catch (Exception e) {
    System.out.println(e);
   }
}

/**
* 从模板产生新的输出
* @param inputFile
* @param outputFile
*/
public static void buildNewFormTemplete(File inputFile, File outputFile){
   try{
    // Excel获得文件
    Workbook wb = Workbook.getWorkbook(inputFile);
    // 打开一个文件的副本，并且指定数据写回到原文件
    WritableWorkbook book = Workbook.createWorkbook(outputFile,
      wb);
    WritableSheet sheet0 = book.getSheet(0);
    sheet0.addCell(new Label(0, 1, "陈小稳"));

    // 添加一个工作表
    WritableSheet sheet = book.createSheet( " 第二页 " , 1 );
    sheet.addCell( new Label( 0 , 0 , " 第二页的测试数据 " ));

    book.write();
    book.close();
   } catch (Exception e) {
    System.out.println(e);
   }
}

 

/**
* 复制数据和格式
* @param inputFile
* @param inputFileSheetIndex
* @param outputFilePath
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void copyDateAndFormat(File inputFile, int inputFileSheetIndex, String outputFilePath) throws Exception {
   Workbook book = null;
   Cell cell = null;
   //1.避免乱码的设置
   WorkbookSettings setting = new WorkbookSettings();
   java.util.Locale locale = new java.util.Locale("zh","CN");
   setting.setLocale(locale);
   setting.setEncoding("ISO-8859-1");
   book = Workbook.getWorkbook(inputFile, setting);
   Sheet readonlySheet = book.getSheet(inputFileSheetIndex);

   OutputStream os=new FileOutputStream(outputFilePath);//输出的Excel文件URL
   WritableWorkbook wwb = Workbook.createWorkbook(os);//创建可写工作薄
   WritableSheet writableSheet = wwb.createSheet(readonlySheet.getName(), 0);//创建可写工作表

   //2.誊写不同数据格式的数据
   for (int rowIndex = 0; rowIndex < readonlySheet.getRows(); rowIndex++) {
    for (int colIndex = 0; colIndex < readonlySheet.getColumns(); colIndex++) {
     cell = readonlySheet.getCell(colIndex, rowIndex);
     //A2B2为合并的单元格，A2有内容，B2为空
//     if(colIndex == 0 && rowIndex == 1){
//      System.out.println(colIndex + "," + rowIndex + " type:" + cell.getType() +" :" + cell.getContents());
//     }    
    
     //【有各种设置格式】
     if(cell.getType() == CellType.DATE || cell.getType() == CellType.DATE_FORMULA){
      writableSheet.addCell(
        new jxl.write.DateTime(
          colIndex
          , rowIndex
          , ((DateCell)cell).getDate(),
          new jxl.write.WritableCellFormat(
            cell.getCellFormat()
          )
        )
      );
     }else if(cell.getType() == CellType.NUMBER || cell.getType() == CellType.NUMBER_FORMULA){
      writableSheet.addCell(
        new jxl.write.Number(
          colIndex
          , rowIndex
          , ((jxl.NumberCell)cell).getValue(),
          new jxl.write.WritableCellFormat(
            cell.getCellFormat()
          )
        )
      );     
     }else if(cell.getType() == CellType.EMPTY){
      //空的以及合并单元格中第一列外的
//      System.out.println("EMPTY:"+cell.getContents());
//      System.err.println("空单元格 at " + colIndex + "," + rowIndex +" content:" + cell.getContents());
     }else if(cell.getType() == CellType.LABEL || cell.getType() == CellType.STRING_FORMULA){
      writableSheet.addCell(
        new Label(
          colIndex
          , rowIndex
          , cell.getContents()
          , new jxl.write.WritableCellFormat(
            cell.getCellFormat()
          )
        )
      );  
     }else{   
      System.err.println("其它单元格类型：" + cell.getType() + " at " + colIndex + "," + rowIndex +" content:" + cell.getContents());
     }

//     if(cell.getType() == CellType.STRING_FORMULA){
//     System.err.println(colIndex + "," + rowIndex +":" + cell.getContents() +" type:" + cell.getType());
//     }
    }
   }

   //3.处理合并单元格的事情(复制合并单元格格式)
   Range[] range = readonlySheet.getMergedCells();
   for (int i = 0; i < range.length; i++) {
//    System.out.println("第"+i+"处合并的单元格:"
//    +",getTopLeft="+range[i].getTopLeft().getColumn()
//    +","+range[i].getTopLeft().getRow()
//    +",getBottomRight="+range[i].getBottomRight().getColumn()
//    +","+range[i].getBottomRight().getRow()
//    );  
    //topleftXIndex, topleftYIndex, bottomRightXIndex, bottomRightYIndex
    writableSheet.mergeCells(
      range[i].getTopLeft().getColumn(),
      range[i].getTopLeft().getRow(),
      range[i].getBottomRight().getColumn(),
      range[i].getBottomRight().getRow()
    );
   }

   //4.设置行列高宽
   for (int colIndex = 0; colIndex < readonlySheet.getColumns(); colIndex++) {
    writableSheet.setColumnView(colIndex,readonlySheet.getColumnView(colIndex));
   }  
   for (int rowIndex = 0; rowIndex < readonlySheet.getRows(); rowIndex++) {
    writableSheet.setRowView(rowIndex,readonlySheet.getRowView(rowIndex));
   }

   wwb.write();
   wwb.close();
   os.close();
}

/**
* 写excel的时候使用各种样式、数据类型
* @param outputFilePath
* @param outputFileSheetName
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void writeExcelUseFormat(String outputFilePath,String outputFileSheetName) throws Exception{
   OutputStream os=new FileOutputStream(outputFilePath);//输出的Excel文件URL
   WritableWorkbook wwb = Workbook.createWorkbook(os);//创建可写工作薄
   WritableSheet sheet = wwb.createSheet(outputFileSheetName, 0);//创建可写工作表

   sheet.addCell(new Label(0, 0, "号码"));
   sheet.addCell(new Label(1, 0, "有效期"));

   //1.写入时间的数据格式
   jxl.write.DateFormat df = new jxl.write.DateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
   jxl.write.WritableCellFormat wcfDF = new jxl.write.WritableCellFormat(df);
   jxl.write.DateTime labelDTF = new jxl.write.DateTime(1, 1, new Date(), wcfDF); //自定义格式
   sheet.addCell(labelDTF);

   //2.字体样式
//   WritableFont()方法里参数说明：
//   这个方法算是一个容器，可以放进去好多属性
//   第一个: TIMES是字体大小，他写的是18
//   第二个: BOLD是判断是否为斜体,选择true时为斜体
//   第三个: ARIAL
//   第四个: UnderlineStyle.NO_UNDERLINE 下划线
//   第五个: jxl.format.Colour.RED 字体颜色是红色的
   jxl.write.WritableFont wf = new jxl.write.WritableFont(WritableFont.TIMES, 18, WritableFont.BOLD, true);
   jxl.write.WritableCellFormat wcfF = new jxl.write.WritableCellFormat(wf);
   wcfF.setWrap(true);//自动换行
   wcfF.setAlignment(jxl.format.Alignment.CENTRE);//把水平对齐方式指定为居中  
   wcfF.setVerticalAlignment(jxl.format.VerticalAlignment.CENTRE);//把垂直对齐方式指定为居中
   jxl.write.Label labelC = new jxl.write.Label(0, 1, "This is a Label cell", wcfF);
   sheet.addCell(labelC);

   //3.添加带有formatting的Number对象
   jxl.write.NumberFormat nf = new jxl.write.NumberFormat("#.##");
   jxl.write.WritableCellFormat wcfN = new jxl.write.WritableCellFormat(nf);
   jxl.write.Number labelNF = new jxl.write.Number(0, 2, 3.1415926, wcfN);
   sheet.addCell(labelNF);

   //4.添加Boolean对象
   jxl.write.Boolean labelB = new jxl.write.Boolean(0, 3, false);
   sheet.addCell(labelB);

   //5.设置一个注解
   WritableCellFeatures cellFeatures = new WritableCellFeatures();
   cellFeatures.setComment("添加Boolean对象");
   labelB.setCellFeatures(cellFeatures);

   //6.单元格内换行
   WritableCellFormat wrappedText = new WritableCellFormat
   (WritableWorkbook.ARIAL_10_PT);
   wrappedText.setWrap(true);//可换行的label样式
   Label label = new Label(4, 0, "测试,\012测试。。。",wrappedText); // "\012"强制换行
   sheet.addCell(label);

   //7.数字的公式计算
   Number n = new jxl.write.Number(0,9,4.5);//A10
   sheet.addCell(n);
   n = new Number(1,9, 8);//B10
   sheet.addCell(n);  
   NumberFormat dp3 = new NumberFormat("#.###"); //设置单元格里面的数字格式
   WritableCellFormat dp3cell = new WritableCellFormat(dp3);
   dp3cell.setWrap(true);
   Formula f = new Formula(2, 9, "(a10+b10)/2", dp3cell); //设置C10公式
   sheet.addCell(f);
   f = new Formula(3, 9, "SUM(A10:B10)", dp3cell);//设置D10公式
   sheet.addCell(f);

   //8.设置sheet的样式
   sheet.getSettings().setProtected(true); //设置xls的保护，单元格为只读的
   sheet.getSettings().setPassword("123"); //设置xls的密码
   sheet.getSettings().setDefaultColumnWidth(10); //设置列的默认宽度,2cm左右
   sheet.setRowView(3,200);//设置第4行高度
   sheet.setRowView(2,false);// 这样可以自动把行高扩展
   sheet.setColumnView(0 , 300);//设置第1列宽度，6cm左右
   sheet.mergeCells(0 , 5, 1, 7);//合并单元格：合并A6B8也就是1列6行 与 2列7行 之间的矩形

   //9.设置边框
   drawRect(sheet, 5, 6, 7, 6,BorderLineStyle.THICK, Colour.BLACK, null);

   wwb.write();
   wwb.close();
   os.close();
}

/**
* 画一个边框
* @param sheet
* @param x
* @param y
* @param width
* @param height
* @param style
* @param BorderColor
* @param bgColor
* @throws WriteException
*/
public static void drawRect(WritableSheet sheet, int x, int y, int width, int height,BorderLineStyle style,Colour BorderColor, Colour bgColor) throws WriteException {
   for(int w = 0; w < width; w++){
    for(int h = 0; h < height; h ++) {
     WritableCellFormat alignStyle = new WritableCellFormat(); //单元格样式
     alignStyle.setAlignment(Alignment.CENTRE);   //设置对齐方式
     alignStyle.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTRE);//设置对齐方式
     if(h == 0)//画上
      alignStyle.setBorder(Border.TOP, style, BorderColor);//设置边框的颜色和样式

     if(w == 0)//画左
      alignStyle.setBorder(Border.LEFT, style, BorderColor);//设置边框的颜色和样式

     if(w == width - 1)//画右
      alignStyle.setBorder(Border.RIGHT, style, BorderColor);//设置边框的颜色和样式

     if(h == height -1)//画下
      alignStyle.setBorder(Border.BOTTOM, style, BorderColor);//设置边框的颜色和样式
     //drawLine(sheet, x, y, Border.BOTTOM);
     if(bgColor != null)
      alignStyle.setBackground(bgColor); //背静色
     Label mergelabel = new Label(x, y, "", alignStyle);
     //topleftXIndex, topleftYIndex, bottomRightXIndex, bottomRightYIndex
     //sheet.mergeCells(2, 5, 10, 10);
     sheet.addCell(mergelabel);
     y++;
    }
    y -= height;
    x++;
   }
}

/**
* 简单的读取excel
* @param inputFile
* @param inputFileSheetIndex
* @throws Exception
*/
public static ArrayList<String> sampleReadExcel(File inputFile, int inputFileSheetIndex) throws Exception {
   ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
   Workbook book = null;
   Cell cell = null;
   //避免乱码的设置
   WorkbookSettings setting = new WorkbookSettings();
   java.util.Locale locale = new java.util.Locale("zh","CN");
   setting.setLocale(locale);
   setting.setEncoding("ISO-8859-1");
   book = Workbook.getWorkbook(inputFile, setting);

   Sheet sheet = book.getSheet(inputFileSheetIndex);
   for (int rowIndex = 0; rowIndex < sheet.getRows(); rowIndex++) {// Excel第一行为表头,因此J初值设为1
    for (int colIndex = 0; colIndex < sheet.getColumns(); colIndex++) {// 只需从Excel中取出2列
     cell = sheet.getCell(colIndex, rowIndex);
     list.add(cell.getContents());
    }
   }

   //【问题：如果在实际部署的时候没有写下面这句是否会导致不断消耗掉服务器的内存？jxl里面有个ReadWrite.java没有关闭读的，只关闭了写的】
   book.close();
  
   return list;
}

 

/**
* 直截设置现有单元格的值，数据类型支持Date、Double、String，可以设置现有数据格式为 DATE、DATE_FORMULA，NUMBER、NUMBER_FORMULA，LABEL、STRING_FORMULA
* @param sheet
* @param cell
* @param newValue
* @param type
* @throws RowsExceededException
* @throws WriteException
*/
public static void setCellValueDirectly(WritableSheet sheet, Cell cell, Object newValue, CellType type) throws Exception{
   if(type == CellType.DATE || type == CellType.DATE_FORMULA){
    sheet.addCell(
      new jxl.write.DateTime(
        cell.getColumn()
        , cell.getRow()
        , (Date)newValue,
        new jxl.write.WritableCellFormat(
          cell.getCellFormat()
        )
      )
    );
   }else if(type == CellType.NUMBER || type == CellType.NUMBER_FORMULA){
    sheet.addCell(
      new jxl.write.Number(
        cell.getColumn()
        , cell.getRow()
        , ((Double)newValue).doubleValue(),
        new jxl.write.WritableCellFormat(
          cell.getCellFormat()
        )
      )
    );     
   }/*else if(type == CellType.EMPTY){
    //空的以及合并单元格中第一列外的
//    System.out.println("EMPTY:"+cell.getContents());
//    System.err.println("空单元格 at " + colIndex + "," + rowIndex +" content:" + cell.getContents());
   }*/else if(type == CellType.LABEL || type == CellType.STRING_FORMULA){
    sheet.addCell(
      new Label(
        cell.getColumn()
        , cell.getRow()
        , (String)newValue
        , new jxl.write.WritableCellFormat(
          cell.getCellFormat()
        )
      )
    );  
   }else{   
    throw new Exception("不支持的其它单元格类型："+type);
//    System.err.println("不支持的其它单元格类型：" + cell.getType() + " at " + cell.getColumn() + "," + cell.getRow() +" current content:" + cell.getContents());
   }
}

}