用Java实现HTTP断点续传

用Java实现HTTP断点续传

(一)断点续传的原理 

   其实断点续传的原理很简单,就是在Http的请求上和一般的下载有所不同而已。打个比方,浏览器请求服务器上的一个文时,所发出的请求如下: 

   假设服务器域名为wwww.sjtu.edu.cn,文件名为down.zip。 
GET /down.zip HTTP/1.1 
Accept: image/gif, image/x-xbitmap, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, application/vnd.ms- 
excel, application/msword, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, */* 
Accept-Language: zh-cn 
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate 
User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.01; Windows NT 5.0) 
Connection: Keep-Alive 

   服务器收到请求后,按要求寻找请求的文件,提取文件的信息,然后返回给浏览器,返回信息如下: 
200 
Content-Length=106786028 
Accept-Ranges=bytes 
Date=Mon, 30 Apr 2001 12:56:11 GMT 
ETag=W/"02ca57e173c11:95b" 
Content-Type=application/octet-stream 
Server=Microsoft-IIS/5.0 
Last-Modified=Mon, 30 Apr 2001 12:56:11 GMT 

   所谓断点续传,也就是要从文件已经下载的地方开始继续下载。所以在客户端浏览器传给 
Web服务器的时候要多加一条信息--从哪里开始。 

   下面是用自己编的一个"浏览器"来传递请求信息给Web服务器,要求从2000070字节开始。 
GET /down.zip HTTP/1.0 
User-Agent: NetFox 
RANGE: bytes=2000070- 
Accept: text/html, image/gif, image/jpeg, *; q=.2, */*; q=.2 

   仔细看一下就会发现多了一行RANGE: bytes=2000070-;这一行的意思就是告诉服务器down.zip这个文件从2000070字节开始传,前面的字节不用传了。 

   服务器收到这个请求以后,返回的信息如下: 
206 
Content-Length=106786028 
Content-Range=bytes 2000070-106786027/106786028 
Date=Mon, 30 Apr 2001 12:55:20 GMT 
ETag=W/"02ca57e173c11:95b" 
Content-Type=application/octet-stream 
Server=Microsoft-IIS/5.0 
Last-Modified=Mon, 30 Apr 2001 12:55:20 GMT 

   和前面服务器返回的信息比较一下,就会发现增加了一行: 
Content-Range=bytes 2000070-106786027/106786028 

   返回的代码也改为206了,而不再是200了。 

   知道了以上原理,就可以进行断点续传的编程了。 


(二)Java实现断点续传的关键几点 

   (1)用什么方法实现提交RANGE: bytes=2000070-。 
当然用最原始的Socket是肯定能完成的,不过那样太费事了,其实Java的net包中提供了这种功能。代码如下: 
URL url = new URL(" http://www.sjtu.edu.cn/down.zip ";;); 
HttpURLConnection httpConnection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection 

(); 
//设置User-Agent 
httpConnection.setRequestProperty("User-Agent","NetFox"); 
//设置断点续传的开始位置 
httpConnection.setRequestProperty("RANGE","bytes=2000070"); 
//获得输入流 
InputStream input = httpConnection.getInputStream(); 

   从输入流中取出的字节流就是down.zip文件从2000070开始的字节流。大家看,其实断点续传用Java实现起来还是很简单的吧。接下来要做的事就是怎么保存获得的流到文件中去了。 

   保存文件采用的方法 

   我采用的是IO包中的RandAccessFile类。 

   操作相当简单,假设从2000070处开始保存文件,代码如下: 
RandomAccess oSavedFile = new RandomAccessFile("down.zip","rw"); 
long nPos = 2000070; 
//定位文件指针到nPos位置 
oSavedFile.seek(nPos); 
byte[] b = new byte[1024]; 
int nRead; 
//从输入流中读入字节流,然后写到文件中 
while((nRead=input.read(b,0,1024)) > 0) 

  oSavedFile.write(b,0,nRead); 


   接下来要做的就是整合成一个完整的程序了。包括一系列的线程控制等等。 

   (三)断点续传内核的实现 

   主要用了6个类,包括一个测试类: 

   SiteFileFetch.java负责整个文件的抓取,控制内部线程(FileSplitterFetch类)。 

   FileSplitterFetch.java负责部分文件的抓取。 

   FileAccess.java负责文件的存储。 

   SiteInfoBean.java要抓取的文件的信息,如文件保存的目录,名字,抓取文件的URL等。 

   Utility.java工具类,放一些简单的方法。 

   TestMethod.java测试类。 

下面是源程序: 
/* 
**SiteFileFetch.java 
*/ 
package NetFox; 
import java.io.*; 
import java.net.*; 

public class SiteFileFetch extends Thread { 

SiteInfoBean siteInfoBean = null; //文件信息Bean 
long[] nStartPos; //开始位置 
long[] nEndPos; //结束位置 
FileSplitterFetch[] fileSplitterFetch; //子线程对象 
long nFileLength; //文件长度 
boolean bFirst = true; //是否第一次取文件 
boolean bStop = false; //停止标志 
File tmpFile; //文件下载的临时信息 
DataOutputStream output; //输出到文件的输出流 

public SiteFileFetch(SiteInfoBean bean) throws IOException 

  siteInfoBean = bean; 
  //tmpFile = File.createTempFile ("zhong","1111",new File(bean.getSFilePath())); 
  tmpFile = new File(bean.getSFilePath()+File.separator + bean.getSFileName()+".info"); 
  if(tmpFile.exists ()) 
  { 
   bFirst = false; 
   read_nPos(); 
  } 
  else 
  { 
   nStartPos = new long[bean.getNSplitter()]; 
   nEndPos = new long[bean.getNSplitter()]; 
  } 


public void run() 

  //获得文件长度 
  //分割文件 
  //实例FileSplitterFetch 
  //启动FileSplitterFetch线程 
  //等待子线程返回 
  try{ 
   if(bFirst) 
   { 
    nFileLength = getFileSize(); 
    if(nFileLength == -1) 
    { 
     System.err.println("File Length is not known!"); 
    } 
    else if(nFileLength == -2) 
    { 
     System.err.println("File is not access!"); 
    } 
   else 
   { 
    for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++) 
    { 
     nStartPos[i] = (long)(i*(nFileLength/nStartPos.length)); 
    } 
    for(int i=0;i<nEndPos.length-1;i++) 
    { 
     nEndPos[i] = nStartPos[i+1]; 
    } 
    nEndPos[nEndPos.length-1] = nFileLength; 
   } 
  } 

  //启动子线程 
  fileSplitterFetch = new FileSplitterFetch[nStartPos.length]; 
  for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++) 
  { 
   fileSplitterFetch[i] = new FileSplitterFetch(siteInfoBean.getSSiteURL(), 
   siteInfoBean.getSFilePath() + File.separator + siteInfoBean.getSFileName(), nStartPos[i],nEndPos[i],i); 
   Utility.log("Thread " + i + " , nStartPos = " + nStartPos[i] + ", nEndPos = " + nEndPos[i]); 
   fileSplitterFetch[i].start(); 
  } 
  // fileSplitterFetch[nPos.length-1] = new FileSplitterFetch(siteInfoBean.getSSiteURL(), 
  siteInfoBean.getSFilePath() + File.separator + siteInfoBean.getSFileName(),nPos[nPos.length-1],nFileLength,nPos.length-1); 
  // Utility.log("Thread " + (nPos.length-1) + " , nStartPos = " + nPos[nPos.length-1] + ", nEndPos = " + nFileLength); 
  // fileSplitterFetch[nPos.length-1].start(); 

  //等待子线程结束 
  //int count = 0; 
  //是否结束while循环 
  boolean breakWhile = false; 

  while(!bStop) 
  { 
   write_nPos(); 
   Utility.sleep(500); 
   breakWhile = true; 

   for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++) 
   { 
    if(!fileSplitterFetch[i].bDownOver) 
    { 
     breakWhile = false; 
     break; 
    } 
   } 
   if(breakWhile) 
    break; 

   //count++; 
   //if(count>4) 
   // siteStop(); 
  } 

  System.err.println("文件下载结束!"); 

catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();} 


//获得文件长度 
public long getFileSize() 

  int nFileLength = -1; 
  try{ 
   URL url = new URL(siteInfoBean.getSSiteURL()); 
   HttpURLConnection httpConnection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection (); 
   httpConnection.setRequestProperty("User-Agent","NetFox"); 

   int responseCode=httpConnection.getResponseCode(); 
   if(responseCode>=400) 
   { 
    processErrorCode(responseCode); 
    return -2; //-2 represent access is error 
   } 

   String sHeader; 

   for(int i=1;;i++) 
   { 
    //DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(httpConnection.getInputStream ()); 
    //Utility.log(in.readLine()); 
    sHeader=httpConnection.getHeaderFieldKey(i); 
    if(sHeader!=null) 
    { 
     if(sHeader.equals("Content-Length")) 
     { 
      nFileLength = Integer.parseInt(httpConnection.getHeaderField(sHeader)); 
      break; 
     } 
    } 
    else 
    break; 
   } 
  } 
  catch(IOException e){e.printStackTrace ();} 
  catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();} 

  Utility.log(nFileLength); 
  return nFileLength; 


//保存下载信息(文件指针位置) 
private void write_nPos() 

  try{ 
   output = new DataOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(tmpFile)); 
   output.writeInt(nStartPos.length); 
   for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++) 
   { 
    // output.writeLong(nPos[i]); 
    output.writeLong(fileSplitterFetch[i].nStartPos); 
    output.writeLong(fileSplitterFetch[i].nEndPos); 
   } 
   output.close(); 
  } 
  catch(IOException e){e.printStackTrace ();} 
  catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();} 


//读取保存的下载信息(文件指针位置) 
private void read_nPos() 

  try{ 
   DataInputStream input = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(tmpFile)); 
   int nCount = input.readInt(); 
   nStartPos = new long[nCount]; 
   nEndPos = new long[nCount]; 
   for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++) 
   { 
    nStartPos[i] = input.readLong(); 
    nEndPos[i] = input.readLong(); 
   } 
   input.close(); 
  } 
  catch(IOException e){e.printStackTrace ();} 
  catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();} 


private void processErrorCode(int nErrorCode) 

  System.err.println("Error Code : " + nErrorCode); 


//停止文件下载 
public void siteStop() 

  bStop = true; 
  for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++) 
   fileSplitterFetch[i].splitterStop(); 



/* 
**FileSplitterFetch.java 
*/ 
package NetFox; 

import java.io.*; 
import java.net.*; 

public class FileSplitterFetch extends Thread { 

  String sURL; //File URL 
  long nStartPos; //File Snippet Start Position 
  long nEndPos; //File Snippet End Position 
  int nThreadID; //Thread´s ID 
  boolean bDownOver = false; //Downing is over 
  boolean bStop = false; //Stop identical 
  FileAccessI fileAccessI = null; //File Access interface 

  public FileSplitterFetch(String sURL,String sName,long nStart,long nEnd,int id) throws IOException 
  { 
   this.sURL = sURL; 
   this.nStartPos = nStart; 
   this.nEndPos = nEnd; 
   nThreadID = id; 
   fileAccessI = new FileAccessI(sName,nStartPos); 
  } 

public void run() 

  while(nStartPos < nEndPos && !bStop) 
  { 
   try{ 
    URL url = new URL(sURL); 
    HttpURLConnection httpConnection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection (); 
    httpConnection.setRequestProperty("User-Agent","NetFox"); 
    String sProperty = "bytes="+nStartPos+"-"; 
    httpConnection.setRequestProperty("RANGE",sProperty); 
    Utility.log(sProperty); 
    InputStream input = httpConnection.getInputStream(); 
    //logResponseHead(httpConnection); 

    byte[] b = new byte[1024]; 
    int nRead; 
    while((nRead=input.read(b,0,1024)) > 0 && nStartPos < nEndPos && !bStop) 
    { 
     nStartPos += fileAccessI.write(b,0,nRead); 
     //if(nThreadID == 1) 
     // Utility.log("nStartPos = " + nStartPos + ", nEndPos = " + nEndPos); 
    } 

    Utility.log("Thread " + nThreadID + " is over!"); 
    bDownOver = true; 
    //nPos = fileAccessI.write (b,0,nRead); 
   } 
   catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();} 
  } 


//打印回应的头信息 
public void logResponseHead(HttpURLConnection con) 

  for(int i=1;;i++) 
  { 
   String header=con.getHeaderFieldKey(i); 
   if(header!=null) 
    //responseHeaders.put(header,httpConnection.getHeaderField(header)); 
    Utility.log(header+" : "+con.getHeaderField(header)); 
   else 
    break; 
  } 


public void splitterStop() 

  bStop = true; 



/* 
**FileAccess.java 
*/ 
package NetFox; 
import java.io.*; 

public class FileAccessI implements Serializable{ 

  RandomAccessFile oSavedFile; 
  long nPos; 

  public FileAccessI() throws IOException 
  { 
   this("",0); 
  } 

  public FileAccessI(String sName,long nPos) throws IOException 
  { 
   oSavedFile = new RandomAccessFile(sName,"rw"); 
   this.nPos = nPos; 
   oSavedFile.seek(nPos); 
  } 

  public synchronized int write(byte[] b,int nStart,int nLen) 
  { 
   int n = -1; 
   try{ 
    oSavedFile.write(b,nStart,nLen); 
    n = nLen; 
   } 
   catch(IOException e) 
   { 
    e.printStackTrace (); 
   } 

   return n; 
  } 


/* 
**SiteInfoBean.java 
*/ 
package NetFox; 

public class SiteInfoBean { 
  private String sSiteURL; //Site´s URL 
  private String sFilePath; //Saved File´s Path 
  private String sFileName; //Saved File´s Name 
  private int nSplitter; //Count of Splited Downloading File 

  public SiteInfoBean() 
  { 
   //default value of nSplitter is 5 
   this("","","",5); 
  } 

  public SiteInfoBean(String sURL,String sPath,String sName,int nSpiltter) 
  { 
   sSiteURL= sURL; 
   sFilePath = sPath; 
   sFileName = sName; 
   this.nSplitter = nSpiltter; 
  } 

  public String getSSiteURL() 
  { 
   return sSiteURL; 
  } 

  public void setSSiteURL(String value) 
  { 
   sSiteURL = value; 
  } 

  public String getSFilePath() 
  { 
   return sFilePath; 
  } 

  public void setSFilePath(String value) 
  { 
   sFilePath = value; 
  } 

  public String getSFileName() 
  { 
   return sFileName; 
  } 

  public void setSFileName(String value) 
  { 
   sFileName = value; 
  } 

  public int getNSplitter() 
  { 
   return nSplitter; 
  } 

  public void setNSplitter(int nCount) 
  { 
   nSplitter = nCount; 
  } 


/* 
**Utility.java 
*/ 
package NetFox; 

public class Utility { 

  public Utility() 
  { 
  } 

  public static void sleep(int nSecond) 
  { 
   try{ 
    Thread.sleep(nSecond); 
   } 
  catch(Exception e) 
  { 
   e.printStackTrace (); 
  }  


public static void log(String sMsg) 

  System.err.println(sMsg); 


public static void log(int sMsg) 

  System.err.println(sMsg); 



/* 
**TestMethod.java 
*/ 
package NetFox; 

public class TestMethod { 

  public TestMethod() 
  { ///xx/weblogic60b2_win.exe 
   try{ 
    SiteInfoBean bean = new SiteInfoBean("    http://localhost/xx/weblogic60b2_win.exe";;,"L:/temp","weblogic60b2_win.exe",5); 
    //SiteInfoBean bean = new SiteInfoBean("   http://localhost:8080/down.zip";;,"L:/temp","weblogic60b2_win.exe",5); 
    SiteFileFetch fileFetch = new SiteFileFetch(bean); 
    fileFetch.start(); 
   } 
   catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();} 
  } 

  public static void main(String[] args) 
  { 
   new TestMethod(); 
  } 

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